Abstract：
:Sand deserts are common biotopes on the earth's surface. Some specialized vertebrate species have colonized these ecological habitats by living buried in the sand. Among these so called psammophilic species are the Scincidae sand dune living species Scincus scincus and Eumeces schneideri. These two skinks share a relatively similar behavioral ecology by living buried in sand, almost all the time for S. scincus and at least for some part of the day for E. schneideri. The visual system of these two lizards was investigated by histological, immunohistochemical, Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and morphometric techniques. Both skink species exhibit a retina lacking fovea, composed predominantly of cones presenting two types of oil droplets (pale blue-green and colorless). Both species possess a subset of rod like-photoreceptors (about 1 rod for 30 cones) evidenced by anti-rhodopsin immunoreactivity. A ratio 1:1-1:2 between ganglion cells and photoreceptors points to a linear connection (photoreceptors/bipolar neurons/ganglion cells) in the retina and indicates that both skinks more likely possess good visual acuity, even in the peripheral retina. The MRI analysis revealed differences between the species concerning the eye structures, with a more spherical eye shape for S. scincus, as well as a more flattened lens. The relative lens diameter of both species seems to correspond to a rather photopic pattern. Beside the fact that S. scincus and E. schneideri have different lifestyles, their visual capacities seem similar, and, generally speaking, these two psammophilic species theoretically exhibit visual capacities not far away from non-fossorial species.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Canei J,Burtea C,Nonclercq Ddoi
10.1016/j.visres.2020.04.004subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-28 00:00:00pages
17-30eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
S0042-6989(20)30064-Xjournal_volume
171pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract：:An analytical description of the point spread function (PSF) for human foveal vision, together with its closed form two-dimensional Fourier transform, the modulation transfer function (MTF), is proposed. It also possesses an analytical line spread function (LSF) counterpart. It fits to both PSF and MTF experimental da...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(93)90053-y
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A simulated field test was designed to determine whether the Holmes-Wright A lantern (HWA) is a valid color vision test for the rail industry. The simulation replicated viewing rail signal lights at 0.8 km distance under daylight conditions. Using the worst-normal as the maximum number of allowable errors on the simul...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00054-6
更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated whether the effect of covert attention on information accrual varies with eccentricity (4 degrees vs 9 degrees) and the complexity of the visual search task (feature vs conjunction). We used speed-accuracy tradeoff procedures to derive conjoint measures of the speed of information processing and accura...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.12.015
更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evidence obtained using the dynamic grouping method has shown that the grouping of an object's connected surfaces has properties characteristic of a nonlinear dynamical system. When a surface's luminance changes, one of its boundaries is perceived moving across the surface. The direction of this dynamic grouping (DG) ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2015.06.006
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We hypothesized that it is the conflict between various cues to distance that have produced results purportedly showing that vergence eye movements induced by disparity change are not an effective cue for depth. Single and compound stimuli were used to examine the perceived motion in depth (MID) produced by simulated ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.11.005
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The red-green (RG) detection mechanism was revealed by measuring threshold detection contours in the L and M cone contrast plane for sine-wave test gratings of 0.8-6 c deg-1 on bright adapting fields of yellow or red. The slope of the RG detection contours was unity, indicating that the L and M contrast signals contri...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(98)00328-9
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MIRAGE, a theory for the primitive coding of the (1D) spatial distribution of luminance changes by the human visual system is developed from a theoretical examination of the practical problems associated with the characterization of such changes. The main novel feature of the theory is that the multiplicity of spatial...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(85)90138-5
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Light and darkness promote opposite migrations of screening pigment granules in the retinal photoreceptors of the crayfish and other arthropods, and microtubules have been implicated in this part of the adaptation process. This report considers the topographic relationships of the migratory pigment granules with the m...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(82)90217-6
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In natural settings, our eyes tend to track approaching objects. To estimate motion, the brain should thus take account of eye movements, perhaps using retinal cues (retinal slip of static objects) or extra-retinal signals (motor commands). Previous work suggests that extra-retinal ocular vergence signals do not suppo...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.02.014
更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In all mammals, the mitochondria of the cones of the retina are concentrated in the inner segment. Uniquely in tree-shrews (Tupaia, Scandentia, Mammalia), a "megamitochondrion" exhibiting highly specialized systems of densely packed cristae and a very electron dense matrix, is located apically in the inner segment. Th...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(96)00199-x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lateral interactions between spatial filters were explored with a lateral masking paradigm. Contrast sensitivity (two-alternative forced-choice) for a Gabor signal in the presence of two flanking high contrast Gabor signals (masks) was measured. When the target to mask distance was less than 2 target wavelengths the c...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(94)90258-5
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Smooth pursuit eye movements superimpose additional motion on the retinal image of untracked visual targets, potentially leading to the perception of motion smear and a distortion of the perceived direction of motion. Previously, we demonstrated an attenuation of perceived motion smear when the untracked target moves ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.12.002
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid texture segregation is examined using filtered noise textures. The stimuli consist of a foreground region of filtered noise with one dominant texture orientation against a background region with a different dominant orientation. Shape discrimination of the foreground region is measured as a function of the diffe...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(91)90009-t
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Holistic processing, the decoding of the global structure of a stimulus while the local parts are not explicitly represented, is a basic characteristic of object perception. The current study was aimed to test whether such a representation could be created even for objects that violate fundamental principles of spatia...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2013.10.001
更新日期：2013-12-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The planning of the refixation saccade, i.e. the second saccade on 9- and 11-letter-strings, was assessed in two reading experiments that examined the influence of a length change at different times during the first fixation on a letter string. The results showed that the saccadic system was able to modify the first m...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00192-9
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The perceived contrast of a central stimulus can be decreased (surround suppression) or increased (surround facilitation) by the presence of surround stimuli. In this report we examined center-surround interactions in foveal and peripheral vision using contrast-matching tasks. We found that: (1) surround suppression b...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00152-8
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A recent study illustrating the importance of sensory influences on inhibition of return (IOR) found stimuli biased towards the parvocellular (P) pathway produced greater IOR while stimuli biased towards the magnocellular (M) pathway produced less IOR (Brown, 2009; Guenther & Brown, 2007). The present study used a dif...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2012.03.004
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Normal binocular vision emerges from the combination of neural signals arising within separate monocular pathways. It is natural to wonder whether both eyes contribute equally to the unified cyclopean impression we ordinarily experience. Binocular rivalry, which occurs when the inputs to the two eyes are markedly diff...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2016.09.014
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The spectral sensitivity and the spatial selectivity was studied both psychophysically and electroretinographically using the pattern onset-offset paradigm. All measurements were made under intensive yellow adaptation. The spectral sensitivity functions of both measures were in close agreement. They showed a peak at 4...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(93)90084-a
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is possible to discriminate between grating contrasts over a 300-fold contrast range, whereas V1 neurons have very limited dynamic ranges. Using populations of model neurons with contrast-response parameters taken from electrophysiological studies (cat and macaque), we investigated ways of combining responses to co...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00277-3
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Are surfaces' colours judged from weighted averages of the light that they reflect to the eyes and the colour contrast at their borders? To find out we asked subjects to set the colour and luminance of test disks to match reference disks, on various backgrounds, and analysed the variability in their settings. Most of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2006.09.022
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Behavioral measures of spatial summation in 4- and 11-week old human infants were obtained using the forced-choice preferential looking technique. Infants exhibit complete spatial summation over large areas (4 weeks: 8.9 degrees; 11 weeks: 5.5 degrees), much larger than those of adults tested in the same apparatus (2....
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(84)90146-9
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human observers can extract a given motion direction from sets of random dots moving simultaneously in two or more directions in the same region of the visual field, a phenomenon referred to as motion transparency. As a necessary condition for separating transparent motion directions, low level encoding of local motio...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2005.03.004
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The foveal region of the retina has a yellow pigmentation composed primarily of the carotenoids lutein and zeaxanthin. Past studies have shown that cigarette smoking depresses carotenoid concentrations in the blood. This is the first report on the effects of cigarette smoking on carotenoids in the retina. Macular pigm...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(96)00008-9
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Effects of glutamate and its agonists on horizontal cells appeared diversely when studied in turtle eyecup preparations. Consistent results were obtained when the isolated retina preparations were used. Not only kainate and quisqualate but also N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) caused a sustained depolarization and light-ev...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(89)90002-3
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the classic double-step paradigm, subjects are required to make a saccade to a visual target that is briefly presented at one location and then shifted to a new location before the subject has responded. The saccades in this situation are "reflexive" in that they are made in response to the appearance of the target...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0042-6989(02)00101-3
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several characteristic of aftereffects (especially the motion aftereffect) depend upon the square root of the time spent adapting. The same parameters are here examined for the contrast threshold elevation aftereffect. The time taken to recover is shown to be well predicted by root adaptation time (beyond a minimum du...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(92)90171-e
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromatic induction from patterned backgrounds depends on the spatial as well as the chromatic aspects of the background light. Color appearance with patterned and uniform backgrounds was compared using chromaticities distinguished by only the S cones; all backgrounds were equivalent to equal-energy white in terms of ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2003.11.004
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The integration of spatially distinct elements into coherent objects is a fundamental process of vision. Yet notwithstanding an extensive literature on perceptual grouping, we still lack a clear understanding of the representational consequences of grouping disparate visual locations. We investigated this question in ...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.014
更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gratings that differ in orientation by as much as 62.5 deg from that of a signal grating raise the signal's threshold by nearly a log unit. The spatial-frequency tuning of the masking effect reaches a maximum slightly below the spatial frequency of the maskers but far from that of any quadratic distortion product. Fur...
journal_title：Vision research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0042-6989(89)90127-2
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
