Abstract:
:When two sinusoidal gratings of the same orientation and similar spatial frequency are summed, the resulting pattern has a periodic spatial variation or beat in contrast. Although the pattern contains no luminance modulation component at the beat frequency, it behaves in some respects as if it did: human observers for example are very good at detecting spatial displacements of the beat. We wished to test the possibility that a non-linearity in the visual system generates a component (a "distortion product") at the beat frequency, and that it is displacement of the distortion product that observers detect. Attempting to "null" the distortion product by adding to the beat pattern a sinusoidal component of the same spatial frequency as the distortion product but 180 deg out of phase with it does not impair performance in detecting motion of the beat; there is no nulling at any amplitude of the added component. Reducing the phase shift of the hypothetical distortion product by adding a static sinusoid to the moving beat pattern fails to produce the predicted fall in performance. These results suggest that distortion products do not contribute to our sensitivity to the displacement of beat patterns. Reversing the contrast of a beat pattern when it is displaced, slightly increases sensitivity to displacement, the same manipulation impairs performance with luminance patterns. This is consistent with the notion that the beat is detected as an unsigned local contrast signal.
journal_name
Vision Resjournal_title
Vision researchauthors
Badcock DR,Derrington AMdoi
10.1016/0042-6989(89)90035-7subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
731-9issue
6eissn
0042-6989issn
1878-5646pii
0042-6989(89)90035-7journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
VISION RESEARCH文献大全abstract::This paper discusses a number of points that arise in the visual interpretation of optic flow fields. Particular attention is given to the case in which a flow field is visually ambiguous, and the paper concludes with a detailed description of the case of the moving plane. ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(86)90079-9
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many visual attributes of a target stimulus are computed according to dynamic, non-retinotopic reference frames. For example, the motion trajectory of a reflector on a bicycle wheel is perceived as orbital, even though it is in fact cycloidal in retinal, as well as spatial coordinates. We cannot perceive the cycloidal...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.05.010
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The dependence of spatial frequency on accommodation has been investigated extensively. Recently, differences between myopes and emmetropes with respect to accommodative microfluctuations for high spatial frequency targets have been reported. Considering the diversity of accommodative responses (ARs) to sinusoidal gra...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.05.020
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The perceived blur of drifting sinusoidal gratings was compared to that of static, blurred "square wave" gratings before and after adaptation to a missing fundamental (MF) pattern. The results indicate that the perceived blur of a drifting sine grating is inversely related to its drift speed. However, after adaptation...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(96)00009-0
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We applied new methods for canine eye-movement recording to the study of achiasmatic mutant Belgian Sheepdogs, documenting their nystagmus waveforms and comparing them to humans with either congenital nystagmus (CN) alone or in conjunction with achiasma. A sling apparatus with head restraints and infrared reflection w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00337-4
更新日期:1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rapid texture segregation is examined using filtered noise textures. The stimuli consist of a foreground region of filtered noise with one dominant texture orientation against a background region with a different dominant orientation. Shape discrimination of the foreground region is measured as a function of the diffe...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90009-t
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To pursue a small target moving in front of a drifting background, motion vectors from the target need to be integrated and segmented from those belonging to the background. Smooth pursuit eye movements typically integrate target and background directions initially and after some time shift towards the veridical targe...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.02.001
更新日期:2012-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Electroretinographic responses (ERGs) have been recorded from the cornea of the little owl (Athene noctua) in response to single light flashes and to alternating sinusoidal gratings (pattern) at different levels of light adaptation. Both flash- and pattern-evoked ERGs show scotopic as well as photopic components. The ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90151-x
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the study was to determine the age-dependence of the accommodative force on the lens in order to make it clear whether the causes of presbyopia are due to lenticular or extralenticular changes. A finite element model of the lens of an 11-, 29- and 45-year-old human eye was constructed to represent the fully...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2007.10.017
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies have found that individuals from small hometowns show diminished face recognition ability as compared with individuals from larger hometowns. We further this line of research by relating six measures of face recognition ability to hometown density. We predicted that the three face recognition ability m...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2019.08.006
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::What you see depends not only on where you are looking but also on where you will look next. The pre-saccadic attention shift is an automatic enhancement of visual sensitivity at the target of the next saccade. We investigated whether and how perceptual factors independent of the oculomotor plan modulate pre-saccadic ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.10.017
更新日期:2013-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::A change in the basic-level class when viewing a sequence of two objects produces a large release from adaptation in LOC compared to when the images are identical. Is this due to a change in semantics or shape? In an fMRI-adaptation experiment, subjects viewed a sequence of two objects and judged whether the stimuli w...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.06.020
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our purpose was to perform a systematic study of the post-four-muscle-tenotomy procedure changes in target acquisition time by comparing predictions from the behavioral ocular motor system (OMS) model and data from infantile nystagmus syndrome (INS) patients. We studied five INS patients who underwent only tenotomy at...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2008.03.007
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Morphological patterns of the retina, cone size and density, rod density, rod-cone ratio, ganglion cell density, convergence of receptor cells, resolving power (RP) and regionalization were examined throughout life history in roach and in adults of asp, bream, common carp, roach and sabre carp. The retina of hatchling...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90091-i
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Motion coherence thresholds decline with an increase in the number of frames in a random dot kinematogram (RDK), indicating that motion information can be integrated across successive frames. We investigated whether such temporal integration would be disrupted by a brief interval (32-600 msec) inserted into a motion s...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(97)00178-8
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The contrast transducer function (d' vs. contrast) for sine gratings was claimed to come up from some non-zero contrast value rather than from the origin. This implies that there is a point (a hard threshold) on the grating contrast axis below which observers could not distinguish between presentations containing grat...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2003.09.015
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A chemical mutagenesis to identify zebrafish eye morphological mutants was performed by screening F(3) larvae at 5 and 7 days post-fertilization (dpf) for changes in eye or pupil size. Based on histological analysis, four different phenotypic classes were obtained. The two Class I and three Class II mutants are all ch...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00261-9
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifty-three different 3D shapes were defined by sequences of 2D views (frames) of dots on a rotating 3D surface. (1) Subjects' accuracy of shape identifications dropped from over 90% to less than 10% when either the polarity of the stimulus dots was alternated from light-on-gray to dark-on-gray on successive frames or...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(89)90161-2
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dot speed and dot density on the development of global motion perception by comparing the performance of adults and children (5-6years old) on a direction-discrimination task. Motion coherence thresholds were measured at two dot speeds (1 and 4deg/s) and three...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2012.02.016
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inhibition-of-return is the process by which visual search for an object positioned among others is biased toward novel rather than previously inspected items. It is thought to occur automatically and to increase search efficiency. We examined this phenomenon by studying the facilitative and inhibitory effects of loca...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(00)00085-7
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A long-wavelength background can affect the appearance of an increment of light superimposed upon it in two ways. It can change the visual system's sensitivity to the increment, and it can change the appearance of the increment by directly adding redness to it. Through selective retinal-image stabilization, we evoked ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90155-p
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated whether the effect of covert attention on information accrual varies with eccentricity (4 degrees vs 9 degrees) and the complexity of the visual search task (feature vs conjunction). We used speed-accuracy tradeoff procedures to derive conjoint measures of the speed of information processing and accura...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2005.12.015
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rods, cones and melanopsin containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) operate in concert to regulate pupil diameter. The temporal properties of intrinsic ipRGC signalling are distinct to those of rods and cones, including longer latencies and sustained signalling after light offset. We exa...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.12.001
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatiotemporal boundary formation (SBF) refers to perception of continuous contours, shape, and global motion from sequential transformations of widely separated surface elements. How such minimal information in SBF can produce whole forms and the nature of the computational processes involved remain mysterious. Forma...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2015.03.016
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The integration of spatially distinct elements into coherent objects is a fundamental process of vision. Yet notwithstanding an extensive literature on perceptual grouping, we still lack a clear understanding of the representational consequences of grouping disparate visual locations. We investigated this question in ...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2009.08.014
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) is widely used in retinal gene therapy. Enhanced rAAV transduction may be important for better therapeutic effects in some retinal gene therapies. In this study, we examined the effects of adenovirus 5 (Ad5) on retina transduction mediated by rAAV2. Our results provide the fir...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2008.04.019
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extra-retinal information about eye velocity is thought to play an important role in compensating the retinal motion experienced during an eye movement. Evidently this compensation process is prone to error, since stimulus properties such as contrast and spatial frequency have marked effect on perceived motion with re...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(03)00254-2
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Loss of photoreceptors during retinal degeneration leads to blindness, but information can be reintroduced into the visual system using electrical stimulation of the remaining retinal neurons. Subretinal photovoltaic arrays convert pulsed illumination into pulsed electric current to stimulate the inner retinal neurons...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.visres.2014.09.007
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two alternative schemes have been proposed for coding the local direction of stimulus motion in the visual image. The "sequence discrimination" scheme (e.g. Barlow H.B. and Levick W. R., J. Physiol., Lond. 178, 477-504, 1965) uses sequential change in stimulus position over time to infer movement direction; the "spati...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0042-6989(84)90195-0
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Saleh and Bonnet [Fechner Day 98, p. 344] have shown that, upon parafoveal stimulation and up to 6.5 c/deg, reaction time (RT) is a function of grating contrast multiplied by grating period. The present experiments extend these findings to foveal stimulation within a wider spatial-frequency (SF) range and to stimuli o...
journal_title:Vision research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0042-6989(01)00300-5
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00