Enhanced transduction and improved photoreceptor survival of retinal degeneration by the combinatorial use of rAAV2 with a lower dose of adenovirus.

abstract：:Large and small letter contrast sensitivity and visual acuity were assessed in 37 elderly eyes (mean VA -0.01 logMAR, Snellen 6/6) and their lens opacities were categorised and graded using the LOCS III system. Large letter contrast sensitivity was often not reduced in cataract from age-matched normal values and provi...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Elliott DB,Situ P

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contrast modulation affords independent control of static contrast (C) and changes in contrast (delta C). We found that in anesthetized, paralyzed cats, the visual evoked potential (VEP) was dependent only on magnitude of delta C at each pattern transition, and was independent of the starting or ending contrast level....

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Pang XD,Bonds AB

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Humans employ interacting bottom-up and top-down processes to significantly speed up search and recognition of particular targets. We describe a new model of attention guidance for efficient and scalable first-stage search and recognition with many objects (117,174 images of 1147 objects were tested, and 40 satellite ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Elazary L,Itti L

更新日期：2010-06-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Velocity matching using the method of Constant Stimuli shows that perceived velocity varies with contrast [Thompson, P. (1982). Perceived rate of movement depends upon contrast. Vision Research, 22, 377-380]. Random contrast jitter would therefore be expected to increase the slopes of psychometric functions, and thus ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Johnston A,Benton CP,Morgan MJ

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This investigation examined the onset response of the transient visually evoked potential elicited by the appearance-disappearance of sine-wave gratings at various levels of spatial frequency, suprathreshold contrast, and stimulus duration. The response was most easily characterized by two negative-positive complexes ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Reed JL,Marx MS,May JG

更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Is acetylcholinesterase (AChE) a reliable marker for cholinergic activity in the cat and rat retinas? To evaluate this question, radial sections, labeled for AChE, have been compared to sections labeled for choline acetyltransferase (ChAT). Within the inner plexiform layer (IPL) of each species, two lightly-stained AC...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Criswell MH,Brandon C

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:With the identification and structural characterization of several visual pigments has come a new era of investigation. The above comparisons of amino acids sequences predict specific functional domains that may be tested to tell us how visual pigments function to absorb light and transform this "signal" to trigger a ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Applebury ML,Hargrave PA

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamate transporters in the tiger salamander retina were studied by autoradiographic and intracellular recording techniques. When the retina was incubated with 15 microM L-[3H]glutamate, photoreceptors and Muller cells were labeled, indicating that these cells had high-affinity glutamate uptake transporters. A much ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Yang JH,Wu SM

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured orientation discrimination in the presence of a variable number of neutral distracters for two distinct tasks: identification of the orientation of a tilted target and location of its position. Both tasks were performed in the presence of visual noise of variable contrasts. Under a range of conditions...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Baldassi S,Burr DC

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Models based on spatial-frequency channels and local features provide alternative explanations for suprathreshold pattern discrimination. We compared psychophysical discrimination data with the predictions of the Wilson and Gelb channel model and three local-feature models. The features were peak-valley local contrast...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Akutsu H,Legge GE

更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A modified version of the 'path finder' display consisting of many small oriented Gabor patches was used to study the joint contributions of spatial and temporal structures to shape perception. A two-interval forced-choice procedure measured detectability of curved 'paths' defined by orientation ('good continuation') ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Lee SH,Blake R

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is an ongoing debate on whether binocular rivalry involves competition among monocular cells or binocular cells. We investigated this issue psychophysically with two specially designed test stimuli. One test stimulus contained monocular motion signals but greatly reduced binocular motion signals, while the other...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Meng X,Chen Y,Qian N

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is ample psychophysical evidence that flicker is more salient in the peripheral than the central visual field, but the physiological basis of this eccentricity-dependant change is unclear. Here, we compared responsivity to temporal modulation of ganglion cells in central and peripheral primate retina. Above 30 H...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Solomon SG,Martin PR,White AJ,Rüttiger L,Lee BB

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gratings that differ in orientation by as much as 62.5 deg from that of a signal grating raise the signal's threshold by nearly a log unit. The spatial-frequency tuning of the masking effect reaches a maximum slightly below the spatial frequency of the maskers but far from that of any quadratic distortion product. Fur...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Derrington AM,Henning GB

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Electroretinographic responses (ERGs) have been recorded from the cornea of the little owl (Athene noctua) in response to single light flashes and to alternating sinusoidal gratings (pattern) at different levels of light adaptation. Both flash- and pattern-evoked ERGs show scotopic as well as photopic components. The ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Porciatti V,Fontanesi G,Bagnoli P

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To investigate the effect of intraocular scatter on stereopsis, we measured stereoacuity with scatter either remaining at the natural eye-induced level or further enhanced by a set of three different scatter filters. Stereo thresholds at different viewing durations were obtained using a psychophysical method of consta...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Zhao JL,Xiao F,Zhao HX,Dai Y,Zhang YD

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Perceptual constancy refers to the ability to stabilize the representation of an object even though the retinal image of the object undergoes variations. In previous studies, we proposed a General Object Constancy (GOC) hypothesis to demonstrate a common stabilization mechanism for perception of an object's features, ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Qian J,Petrov Y

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What are the visual causes, rather than mere correlates, of attentional selection and how do they compare to each other during natural vision? To address these questions, we first strung together semantically unrelated dynamic scenes into MTV-style video clips, and performed eye tracking experiments with human observe...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Carmi R,Itti L

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Motion aftereffects (MAE) to drifting gratings were measured with a cancellation technique. For a constant adapting grating, MAE cancellation velocity increased linearly with visual field eccentricity. The slope of the function was dependent upon adapting temporal frequency. MAE velocity was independent of spatial fre...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Wright MJ,Johnston A

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-Fourier motion is now commonplace in research on visual motion perception, yet lacks a computational framework. This paper examines this issue based on the observation that many non-Fourier motion stimuli have a simple characterization in the frequency domain, in terms of oriented power distributions that lie alon...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Fleet DJ,Langley K

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have measured corneal and total astigmatism on 161 eyes of 90 normal infants and young children aged 2 months to 5 years using the techniques of photorefraction and photokeratometry. Both the mean corneal and mean total astigmatism were found to decrease with increasing age. We found large and significant correlati...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Howland HC,Sayles N

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used identification at threshold to systematically measure binding costs in two visual modalities. We presented a conjunction of two features as a signal stimulus and concurrently measured detection and identification performance as a function of three threshold variables: duration, contrast and coherence. Discrepa...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Seymour KJ,Scott McDonald J,Clifford CW

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A review of the neurophysiological literature suggests that the magnocellular pathway has adequate spatial-frequency and contrast sensitivity to perceive text under normal contrast conditions (>10%) and also is suppressed by red light. Results from three experiments involving color and reading show that red light impa...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Chase C,Ashourzadeh A,Kelly C,Monfette S,Kinsey K

更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deprivation of patterned vision of frontal eyed mammals early in postnatal life alters structural and functional attributes of neurones in the central visual pathways, and can produce severe impairments of the vision of the deprived eye that resemble the visual loss observed in human amblyopia. A traditional approach ...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Duffy KR,Bukhamseen DH,Smithen MJ,Mitchell DE

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In typical binocular rivalry demonstrations, disparate images presented in corresponding locations to the two eyes are found to alternate perceptually over time. Alternation in perception can occur even if the images presented to the two eyes do not overlap, if they are sufficiently close in space. This implies a spat...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Nichols DF,Wilson HR

更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the blind spot encodes no visual information, one never perceives an odd blob or blank there, but sees a complete scene of the world even when viewing monocularly. This phenomenon called "filling-in" might be related to mechanisms essential to surface perception, but the neural representation has still been u...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Murakami I

更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quantitative light microscopic techniques have been applied to photoreceptors, ganglion cells and dopaminergic amacrine cells in the retina of the North American opossum Didelphis virginiana. This marsupial has a retina with a central areal specialization where ganglion cells reach a maximum density of 2900/mm2 and co...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Kolb H,Wang HH

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We determined normative values for the visual sensitivity threshold in 118 children aged 5-8 years, using automated static perimetry (Octopus 2000R, program 32). In addition, 17 normal adults were tested. The children first underwent a familiarization procedure. One week later, quantitative examination was performed a...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Tschopp C,Safran AB,Viviani P,Reicherts M,Bullinger A,Mermoud C

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vernier thresholds are known to be elevated when a target pair has opposite contrast polarity. Polarity reversal is used to assess the role of luminance and chromatic pathways in hyperacuity performance. Psychophysical hyperacuity thresholds were measured for pairs of gratings of various combinations of luminance (Lum...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Sun H,Cooper B,Lee BB

更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:One primary function of spatial attention is to exclude external noise [e.g., Psychol. Sci. 11(2) (2000) 139], especially in the region of the target stimulus [J. Vis. 2(4) (2000) 312]. What is not known is the spatial profile of external noise exclusion in the vicinity of the target and how this depends upon attentio...

journal_title：Vision research

authors： Dosher BA,Liu SH,Blair N,Lu ZL

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00