Abstract：
:To evaluate the relationship between self-reported exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and saliva cotinine concentrations, we studied 186 nonsmokers. Each participant completed an exposure questionnaire, kept a daily exposure diary for 7 days, and provided a saliva sample for cotinine analysis. Salivary cotinine concentrations were measured using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. Of the volunteers, 30% lived with one or more smokers, and 84% were regularly exposed to smokers at work. Eighty-three percent of the volunteers had detectable saliva cotinine concentrations (> or = 0.5 ng/ml) (median = 1.1; range = 0.5-7.4 ng/ml). Cotinine concentrations were related to exposure in the household and at the workplace. Volunteers who lived with smokers had significantly higher cotinine levels (median = 1.0; range = < 0.5-7.4 ng/ml) than those who did not (median = < 0.5; range = < 0.5-4.7 ng/ml). Volunteers who reported regular exposure at work had higher cotinine levels (median = 0.8; range = < 0.5-7.4 ng/ml) than those who did not (median = < 0.5; range = < 0.5-3.0 ng/ml). Cotinine concentrations were predicted by a regression equation that included the number of smokers at home and work and the number of minutes of exposure recorded in the daily diary (r2 = 0.29).
journal_name
Prev Medjournal_title
Preventive medicineauthors
Emmons KM,Abrams DB,Marshall R,Marcus BH,Kane M,Novotny TE,Etzel RAdoi
10.1006/pmed.1994.1005subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-01-01 00:00:00pages
35-9issue
1eissn
0091-7435issn
1096-0260pii
S0091-7435(84)71005-Xjournal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Participation in recommended levels of physical activity promotes a healthy body weight and reduced chronic disease risk. To inform investment in prevention initiatives, we simulate the national implementation, impact on physical activity and childhood obesity and associated cost-effectiveness (versus the status quo) ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.10.017
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (ACA) has increased insurance coverage among underserved individuals, but the effect of ACA on cancer diagnosis is currently debated, particularly in Medicaid non-expansion states. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effect of ACA implementation on stage at diagnosis among ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.06.006
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:While MD adherence to U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines has been found to be uneven, nurse practitioners (NPs) and their adherence to guidelines have not been closely examined. METHODS:A retrospective chart review of new patients (n = 1339) in an NP primary health care center, four MD primary h...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.09.013
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To test the association between screen time (ST), physical activity (PA) and self-reported psychological problems among urban adolescents aged 11 to 16 years. METHODS:In 2010, total 5003 boys and girls were analyzed from 4 junior high schools in Bengbu city of China. The Depression Self-rating Scale for Chil...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.09.002
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess whether prevalence of active commuting and regular car trips to school varies across communities and language regions in Switzerland and to determine personal and environmental correlates. METHODS:During the school year 2004/2005, 1345 parental questionnaires (response rate 65%) of children attendi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2007.06.015
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Body mass index (BMI) is believed to be associated with coronary heart disease (CHD) risks. A major question is whether each BMI category provides independent risk information and whether the BMI categories provide similar results for African-American (AA) men and women relative to lipid, lipoproteins, and b...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2004.06.013
更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although colorectal cancer is not one of the major tobacco-related cancers, a possible association with tobacco has been suggested following the observation of a relationship between cigarette smoking and colorectal adenomas. The issue of a long latency of tobacco on colorectal carcinogenesis has also been s...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1995.1091
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the extent to which older people are willing to engage in different falls prevention activities, and how this may vary in different sectors of the older population. METHODS:A survey sent to patients aged over 54 in ten general practices in the Southampton, Bristol and Manchester areas of the UK ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2008.09.001
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although numerous studies have examined repeat mammography, they provide limited information about actual patterns of women's behavior over time. METHODS:In this study, 128 asymptomatic women ages 50 to 75 who had had their first mammograms 15 to 27 months previously were interviewed to determine rates of r...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1997.0163
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study tested the effects of two organizational support processes, the provision of financial incentives for superior clinical performance and the availability of a patient (smoker) registry and proactive telephone support system for smoking cessation, on provider adherence to accepted practice guideline...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0091-7435(02)00052-x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Community pharmacies have great potential to deliver services aimed at promoting health and preventing disease, and are well placed in deprived communities. This review of reviews aimed to assess the effectiveness of community pharmacy-delivered public health services and assess how they impact on inequalities in heal...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.04.003
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine the contribution of lifestyle behaviours to the socioeconomic gradient in all-cause mortality, and fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. METHOD:10,600 men aged 50-59 years examined in 1991-1994 in Northern Ireland (NI) and France and followed annually for deaths and cardiovascular events for ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.01.017
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both cigarette smoking and obesity are significant public health concerns and are associated with increased risk of early mortality. It is well established that the mesolimbic dopamine pathway is an important component of the reward system within the brain and is implicated in the development of addiction. Indeed, nic...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2016.08.009
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The 2014 National Research Council report on American incarceration optimistically anticipated the Affordable Care Act (ACA) would be "a turning point in the nation's health care, and … will provide unprecedented access to care for many people being released from correctional facilities." However, the ACA was not desi...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2019.105897
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify factors associated with age of smoking initiation and distinguish vulnerable periods for initiation according to those factors. METHOD:Discrete time hazards analysis was used to model smoking initiation as a function of age (5-23), demographic and familial influence variables (measured at age 13)...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.09.004
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A significant percentage of the U.S. population has multiple poor health behaviors. Understanding the relationship among these behavioral risk factors is important for designing effective multiple risk factor interventions. While there is some evidence suggesting that participation in physical exercise may h...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/pmed.1996.0107
更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sunburn is associated with an increased risk for skin cancer. Denmark has one of the highest incidences of melanoma in the world, although it is a relatively northern country. The objective of this study was to determine whether sunburn is associated with demographic factors and health behaviour among young Danes. Cro...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2018.08.009
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite increasing interest in worksite exercise programs, little attention has been focused on the blue-collar segment of the workforce. Because of their low participation in traditional exercise classes and programs, blue-collar workers at a university were targeted for an exercise program tailored specifically to t...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(88)90010-2
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We summarize here the evidence from the 1960s and 1970s of exceptionally high risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Finland. In parallel with voluntary and governmental prevention programs, the level of risk factors and CVD attack rates have shown dramatic improvement in the past 25 years, but the decline has slowed...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/pmed.1999.0403
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The workplace provides a useful setting for early identification and intervention with individuals who have unhealthy lifestyles. The objective was to evaluate the effects of a workplace-based lifestyle intervention (Workscreen) to reduce excessive drinking. METHOD:There were eight Australia Post networks r...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1006/pmed.1999.0587
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the association between socioeconomic status (SES) and inflammatory markers using two different European population samples. METHODS:We used data from the CoLaus (N=6412, Lausanne, Switzerland) and EPIPorto (N=1205, Porto, Portugal) studies. Education and occupational position were used as indicato...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.11.031
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Obesity is a significant problem among US veterans. Diets high in fruits and vegetables (FV) can lower obesity risk. Health communication interventions are promising strategies for promoting healthy eating. We evaluated whether an enhanced intervention with tailored newsletters and motivational interviewing ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.06.010
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Regular use of recommended preventive health services can promote good health and prevent disease. However, individuals may forgo obtaining preventive care when they are busy with competing activities and commitments. This study examined whether time pressure related to work obligations creates barriers to ob...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of age and study period on coronary heart disease (CHD) risk attributable to cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS:A cohort of cardiovascular disease (CVD)-free randomly participants from Girona (Spain) aged 35-74 years recruited in 1995 and 2000 and followed for an average of 6.9 year...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.03.012
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Inadequate opportunities for physical activity at school and overall low levels of activity contribute to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in American-Indian children. METHODS:A school-based physical activity intervention was implemented which emphasized increasing the frequency and quality of ...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2003.08.005
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Retirement is a major life-course transition that is closely related to changes in health. This study examined the dynamic impact of retirement on health and health behaviors, distinguishing an immediate change in the level of health at retirement and a change in the rate of change after retirement. We used panel data...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2017.04.007
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:In Europe, the demand for informal care is high and will increase because of the ageing population. Although caregiving is intended to contribute to the care recipient's health, its effects on the health of older European caregivers are not yet clear. This study explores the association between providing info...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.10.028
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of adult nutrition education and counseling for weight reduction, diabetes, cancer, low-fat diets, sodium-restricted diets, and renal diets are reviewed and synthesized. Nutrition education consists of three phases: assessment or problem diagnosis, intervention, and evaluation and monitoring. This article exam...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0091-7435(85)90069-6
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Data on hospitalization of immigrants to the United States are sparse, but small area analysis may improve the utility of existing data. METHODS:Applying logistic regression analysis to 2000 census and hospitalization data for New York City, we examined the odds of hospital admission by major diagnostic c...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.02.014
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this experiment was to examine the differential impact of a narrative and a non-narrative skin cancer message on health promoting actions and information-seeking behaviors. METHODS:Participants were 230 Flemish university students aged 18 to 25 years who participated in a web based experiment in F...
journal_title：Preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.04.019
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
