Abstract:
:Recent studies with vinclozolin, a dicarboximide fungicide, demonstrate that perinatal exposure to 100 mg vinclozolin/kg/day from Gestational Day 14 through Postnatal Day 3 inhibits morphological sex differentiation. At 1 year, treated male rats exhibited hypospadias, cleft phallus, suprainguinal ectopic testes, a vaginal pouch, epididymal and testicular granulomas, and atrophic seminal vesicles and ventral prostate glands. This pattern of malformations suggests that this fungicide possesses antiandrogenic activity. To test this hypothesis, we examined the ability of vinclozolin to inhibit the conversion of testosterone to the more potent androgen 5 alpha-dihydrotestosterone via 5 alpha-reductase (EC 1.3.1.22) and to compete with androgen for binding to the androgen receptor. The results indicate that neither vinclozolin nor its degradation products, 2-[[(3,5-dichlorophenyl)-carbamoyl]oxy]-2-methyl-3-butenoic acid (M1) and 3',5'-dichloro-2-hydroxy-2-methylbut-3-enanilide (M2), inhibit 5 alpha-reductase activity. Although the ability of vinclozolin to compete with androgen for binding to the androgen receptor was weak (Ki > 700 microM), the two vinclozolin metabolites, M1 and M2, were effective antagonists of androgen receptor binding (Ki = 92 and 9.7 microM, respectively). As the concentrations of M1 in the serum of pregnant rats and their pups on Postnatal Day 3 meet or exceed the in vitro Ki for androgen receptor inhibition, we suggest that the demasculinizing effects of vinclozolin exposure in vivo also may be mediated via the antiandrogenic metabolites M1 and/or M2.
journal_name
Toxicol Appl Pharmacoljournal_title
Toxicology and applied pharmacologyauthors
Kelce WR,Monosson E,Gamcsik MP,Laws SC,Gray LE Jrdoi
10.1006/taap.1994.1117subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-06-01 00:00:00pages
276-85issue
2eissn
0041-008Xissn
1096-0333pii
S0041-008X(84)71117-3journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Anoikis is defined as apoptosis, which is induced by inappropriate cell-matrix interactions. Cancer cells with anoikis resistance tend to undergo metastasis, and this phenomenon has been reported to be associated with integrin and FAK activity. HPW-RX40 is a derivative of 3,4-methylenedioxy-β-nitrostyrene, which is kn...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2015.09.011
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clinical study was performed to determine the effects of patch testing human skin with four industrially used surfactants on erythema formation, transepidermal water loss, and the contents in suction blister fluids of primary proinflammatory mediators including arachidonic acid, eicosanoids, and IL-1 alpha, which we...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1006/taap.1998.8521
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent technological advances have moved the field of toxicogenomics from reliance on microarray platforms to high-throughput transcriptomic (HTTr) technologies that measure global gene expression. Gene expression biomarkers are emerging as useful tools for interpreting gene expression profiles to identify perturbatio...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114683
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of oral exposure to 0, 5, and 25 mg/kg body wt vomitoxin (VT) on cytokine mRNA levels in spleen, Peyer's patches (PP), liver, kidney, and small intestine were evaluated in B6C3F1 mice at 2 and 4 hr postexposure using RT-PCR in conjunction with Southern hybridization analysis. The abundance of mRNAs for sev...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1995.1132
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous work has shown that chlordecone (CD)-amplified CCl4 hepatotoxicity and lethality can be mitigated by pretreatment with cyanidanol. These studies also revealed that stimulated hepatocellular regeneration might play an important role in the cyanidanol protection of CD-amplified CCl4 toxicity. The present studie...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(91)90268-j
更新日期:1991-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::A series of psychopharmacological agents were administered to adult male Fischer-344 rats pretreated with a tremorigenic dose of chlordecone in an attempt to elucidate the involvement of spinal and supraspinal processes in the mediation and/or expression of chlordecone-induced tremor. Agents effective in attenuating t...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90156-4
更新日期:1983-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic contamination of drinking water and food threatens the health of hundreds of millions of people worldwide by increasing the risk of numerous diseases. Arsenic exposure has been associated with infectious lung disease in epidemiological studies, but it is not yet understood how ingestion of low levels of arseni...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2017.06.010
更新日期:2017-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfur mustard [bis(2-chloroethyl)sulfide, SM] is a well-known DNA-damaging agent that has been used in chemical warfare since World War I, and is a weapon that could potentially be used in a terrorist attack on a civilian population. Dermal exposure to high concentrations of SM produces severe, long-lasting burns. To...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2012.06.010
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is an established human carcinogen. However, there has been much controversy about the shape of the arsenic response curve, particularly at low doses. This controversy has been exacerbated by the fact that the mechanism(s) of arsenic carcinogenesis are still unclear and because there are few satisfactory anima...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2005.01.048
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A subchronic oral toxicity study of disobutamide, a piperidine ring compound with antiarrhythmic activity, was conducted at doses of 30, 100, and 250 mg/kg in rats, 45 mg/kg in dogs, and 90 mg/kg in monkeys. Numerous vacuoles were observed in various organs such as the liver, kidneys, heart, lungs, spleen, thymus, sto...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90421-7
更新日期:1986-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::We previously demonstrated that cisplatin administration in mice induces muscle atrophy and an increase in the expression of two muscle-specific ubiquitin E3 ligase genes, muscle ring finger protein 1 (MuRF1), and atrophy gene-1 (atrogin-1), in skeletal muscle. Ubiquitination serves as a degradation signal in both the...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2020.115165
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Niclosamide is an antihelminthic drug used worldwide for the treatment of tapeworm infections. Recent drug repurposing screens have highlighted the broad bioactivity of niclosamide across diverse mechanisms of action. As a result, niclosamide is being evaluated for a range of alternative drug-repurposing applications,...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2019.114699
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some chemicals are known to induce limb malformations in mice. The occurrence of limb abnormality induced by chemical reagents is due to changes in the programmed cell death (PCD). 5-Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) is known as a potent teratogen and has been reported to induce polydactyly and other limb malformations in rode...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.2000.8989
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nickel (Ni) carcinogenesis is thought to involve gene chip silencing by epigenetic mechanisms. Serpina3g, a member of the mouse serpin family, was among the most down-regulated genes (32-fold) in response to Ni exposure of mouse cells based on the Affymetrix gene chip. Serpina3g down-regulation was controlled by a hyp...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2003.08.011
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult BALB/c mice, which are sensitive to hyperoxia (LT50 = 4.5 days 100% O2), were made tolerant to 100% O2 after treatment with butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Following a single ip dose of 400 mg/kg, mice survived longer periods in O2 when exposed to O2 at 7, 14, and 21, but not 2 days, following BHT injection. The...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(88)90257-8
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Defects in tryptophan metabolism on the l-kynurenine pathway (KP) are implicated in a number of human diseases, including chronic kidney disease, brain edema or injury, tuberculosis and malaria - as well as cancer, neurodegenerative and autoimmune disorders. However, it is unclear to what extent detrimental effects of...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2018.01.004
更新日期:2018-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::The local lymph node assay (LLNA) is a new and promising test in mice used to identify contact allergens by means of dermal exposure. Experimentally this assay, which comprises a sensitizing phase only, is also used to identify respiratory allergens. Another, experimentally used test in mice to identify allergens is a...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1999.8841
更新日期:2000-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Protection against the toxic effects of chronic alcohol consumption was observed in male guinea pigs maintained on a high-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow plus 2.0 mg ascorbic acid/ml drinking water) as compared to animals on a low-ascorbic-acid diet (vitamin C-deficient chow and from 0.025 to 0.050 mg asc...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90141-9
更新日期:1986-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::Assessment of toxic or mutagenic risks associated with phosphorothioate oligonucleotides (PTO) is important. In vitro and in vivo data have shown that PTOs are nontoxic and nonmutagenic. However, these studies do not address interactions between PTOs and other compounds. The sulfur on PTOs may provide a novel reactive...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1995.1126
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytochemicals show promise as potential chemopreventive or chemotherapeutic agents against various cancers. Here we report the chemotherapeutic effects of berberine, a phytochemical, on human prostate cancer cells. The treatment of human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) with berberine induced dose-dependent apoptosis but...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.12.027
更新日期:2008-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::A primary role of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is regulation of cholinergic neurotransmission by hydrolysis of synaptic acetylcholine. In the developing nervous system, however, AChE also functions as a morphogenic factor to promote axonal growth. This raises the question of whether organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) th...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2007.11.005
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to environmental contaminants such as activators of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) leads to the induction of defense and detoxification mechanisms. While these mechanisms allow organisms to metabolize and excrete at least some of these environmental contaminants, it has been proposed that these mechanism...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2013.04.017
更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical mechanism involved in cadmium-induced cellular injury remains to be elucidated. Various theories have been proposed to account for this action, one of which is an interaction with reduced sulfhydryl (SH) groups of membranes. The ability of a known SH group reducing agent, dithiothreitol (DTT), to inter...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90197-3
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of age and sex on the elimination of theophylline in New Zealand White rabbits was investigated following exposure to 0.3 ppm of ozone (O3) for 3.75 hr/day over 5 consecutive days. Animals were given air alone 5 to 7 days before and after the 5 days of O3 exposure. The elimination half-life of theophylline ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(85)90118-8
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-dependent changes related to liver injury and regeneration were studied in rats aged 2, 12, and 30 months in a time period of 96 hr following a sublethal dose of thioacetamide (6.6 mmoles/kg body wt). Serum aspartate aminotransferase activity increased earlier in young rats, but the severity of injury was higher i...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1998.8541
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The immunoreactivity and pharmacokinetics of a new horse F(ab')2 scorpion antivenom and its effect on Buthus occitanus mardochei venom plasma disposition in the rabbit were studied. The scorpion venom-specific F(ab')2 affinity constant determined by immunoradiometric assay was 1.6 +/- 0.6 10(8) M-1. One group received...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1996.0284
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Female subjects have been reported to be less sensitive to the hyperthermic effects of 3,4-methylenedioxymethamine (MDMA) than males. Studies were designed to examine the cellular mechanisms involved in these sex sensitive differences. Gonadectomized female and male rats were treated with a 200 microg 100 microL(-1) o...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2008.12.003
更新日期:2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Reversal of saxitoxin (STX; 10 micrograms/kg, ip) induced cardiorespiratory effects by oxygen ventilation and burro-raised alpha-STX antitoxin (60 mg/kg, i.v.) was studied in urethane-anesthetized guinea pigs acutely instrumented for concurrent monitoring of medullary respiratory-related single units, diaphragm EMG, L...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/taap.1994.1006
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent data suggest that vanadium (V5+) compounds exert protective effects against chemical-induced carcinogenesis, mainly through modifying various xenobiotic metabolizing enzymes. In fact, we have shown that V5+ down-regulates the expression of Cyp1a1 at the transcriptional level through an ATP-dependent mechanism. ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.taap.2009.02.002
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chinese hamster cells (V79) were treated with ethylnitrosourea (ENU) and cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II) (DDP) alone and in combination. Sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) were quantified as measures of genotoxicity of the two agents. The combination experiment employed a factorial design in which cells were treated, ...
journal_title:Toxicology and applied pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0041-008x(86)90117-1
更新日期:1986-09-15 00:00:00