Abstract:
:Pharmacological evidence indicates that angiotensin (Ang II) converting enzyme inhibitors attenuate cardiovascular responses to sympathetic stimulation. To investigate the physiological significance of this attenuation, the pressor and heart rate responses to bilateral carotid occlusion (BCO) were studied before and after administration of captopril and again during Ang II replacement in conscious, aortic nerve-sectioned rabbits with chronically implanted carotid occluders. In the control period, BCO produced increases (p less than 0.05) in mean arterial pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR) of 37.3 +/- 3.0 mm Hg and 21.7 +/- 5.4 beats/min from baseline values of 79.1 +/- 2.5 mm Hg and 255.4 +/- 16.7 beats/min. Captopril (5 mg/kg i.v.) markedly reduced (p less than 0.05) both the pressor (10.2 +/- 2.6 mm Hg) and HR (5.0 +/- 4.0 beats/min) responses to BCO, in parallel with a decrease in plasma Ang II of 75%. Infusion of a subpressor dose of Ang II (5-25 ng/kg/min i.v.) increased plasma Ang II to precaptopril levels and fully restored (p less than 0.05) the pressor (33.0 +/- 5.7 mm Hg) and HR (19.8 +/- 7.7 beats/min) responses to BCO. In two additional series of experiments, the mechanism of the effects of captopril and Ang II were investigated. In the first series, cardiac baroreflex curves (pulse interval versus MAP) were generated by increasing or decreasing blood pressure with phenylephrine or nitroprusside (5-20 micrograms/kg/min i.v.). The slope of the linear region of the curve (2.9 msec/mm Hg) was not changed significantly by captopril treatment (3.1 msec/mm Hg) or Ang II replacement (3.2 msec/mm Hg), indicating that cardiac baroreflex sensitivity was not altered by blockade of the renin-angiotensin system. In the second series, the effect of captopril on the pressor response to exogenous norepinephrine (0.1-2.5 micrograms/kg/min i.v.) was tested. The response was reduced by less than 40%, indicating only a modest postsynaptic component to the action of captopril. These results provide physiological evidence for an important action of endogenous Ang II in facilitating the cardiovascular responses to sympathetic stimulation in conscious rabbits. This facilitation is not due to an action upon the baroreflex per se but results, at least in part, from a presynaptic action of Ang II.
journal_name
Circ Resjournal_title
Circulation researchauthors
Isaacson JS,Reid IAdoi
10.1161/01.res.66.3.662subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
662-71issue
3eissn
0009-7330issn
1524-4571journal_volume
66pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Computer simulations and nonlinear dynamics have provided invaluable tools for illuminating the underlying mechanisms of cardiac arrhythmias. Here, we review how this approach has led to major insights into the mechanisms of spatially discordant alternans, a key arrhythmogenic factor predisposing the heart to re-entry...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000224540.97431.f0
更新日期:2006-05-26 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have suggested a proangiogenic effect of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition. We hypothesized that such a proangiogenic effect of ACE inhibition may be mediated, in part, by bradykinin (BK) B(2)-receptor pathway. This study therefore examined the neovascularization induced by ACE inhibitor tr...
journal_title:Circulation research
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doi:10.1161/hh2001.097691
更新日期:2001-10-12 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.114.302476
更新日期:2014-04-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2018-06-08 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000250607.34498.b4
更新日期:2006-11-24 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger as a major determinant of cell Ca2+ is well defined in cardiac tissue, and there has been much effort to develop specific inhibitors of the exchanger. We use a novel system to test the specificity of two putative specific inhibitors, KB-R7943 and SEA0400. The drugs are applied to ele...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.0000027529.37429.38
更新日期:2002-07-26 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000124394.01180.BE
更新日期:2004-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Alternans in heart is important as pulsus alternans in cardiac failure and electrophysiological alternans in myocardial ischemia. The explanation of this phenomenon is still unclear. We attempted to investigate the cellular mechanisms of alternans by measuring intracellular free calcium concentration [( Ca2+]i) with t...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.66.3.585
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-06-29 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.118.313094
更新日期:2018-12-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.119.315804
更新日期:2020-02-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.71.5.1200
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro and in vivo evidence indicates that hemodynamic wall shear stress evokes a diversity of biological responses in vascular endothelial cells, ranging from cell shape changes to alterations in low density lipoprotein receptor expression. The signal transduction mechanisms by which the level of fluid mechanical s...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.72.4.827
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sympathetic activation appears to accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, an effect that may be inhibited by beta-receptor blockade. It is unclear, however, which mechanisms mediate this effect. In view of the significance attached to endothelial injury in the initial phases of atherogenesis, we decided to test...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.67.4.1027
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined intracellular signal events of arterial cells following balloon catheter injury to rat carotid artery. Within 30 minutes, a marked increase in extracellular signal-regulated kinase-1/2 (ERK1/2) activity was observed. This activity remained elevated for 12 hours but had decreased to control levels b...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.82.6.713
更新日期:1998-04-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.115.306883
更新日期:2016-05-27 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies from our laboratory involving syncytial preparations have delineated electrophysiological distinctions between epicardium, endocardium, and a unique population of cells in the deep subepicardial to midmyocardial layers (M region) of the canine ventricle. In the present study, we used standard microelect...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.72.3.671
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardioprotection by ischemic preconditioning is lost in aged wild-type and in STAT3 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 3)-deficient mice. The aim of the present study was to analyze whether or not ischemic postconditioning (iPoco) was effective in aged mice hearts and whether iPoco was dependent on ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.107.164699
更新日期:2008-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::C-reactive protein (CRP), a characteristic inflammatory marker, is a powerful predictor of cardiovascular events. Recent data suggest that CRP may also promote atherogenesis through inducing endothelial dysfunction. Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) receptor-1 (LOX-1) is a newly identified endotheli...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000147309.54227.42
更新日期:2004-10-29 00:00:00
abstract::The transverse tubular system (t-system) of cardiac muscle is a structure that allows rapid propagation of excitation into the cell interior. Using 2-photon molecular excitation microscopy and digital image-processing methods, we have obtained a comprehensive overview of the t-system of rat ventricular myocytes in liv...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.84.3.266
更新日期:1999-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::During periodic stimulation of spontaneously beating chick heart cell aggregates, there is often an evolution of coupling patterns between the stimulator and the aggregate action potential. For example, at rapid stimulation frequencies, a rhythm that is initially 1:1 (stimulus frequency:aggregate frequency) can evolve...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.69.4.1022
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.116.303641
更新日期:2015-03-13 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.64.1.173
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blockade of angiotensin type 1 (AT1) receptors induces smooth muscle cell (SMC) death and regression of aortic hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). We postulated that SMC death and vascular remodeling in this model may be attenuated by z-Val-Ala-Asp(OMe)-CH2F (z-VAD-fmk), a tripeptide inhibitor of cas...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000065619.36118.20
更新日期:2003-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Slow nonuniform electric propagation in the border zone (BZ) of a healed myocardial infarct (MI) can give rise to reentrant arrhythmia. The extent to which this is influenced by structural rather than cellular electric remodeling is unclear. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether structural remodeling alone in the i...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.111.260943
更新日期:2012-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the effects of rapid atrial pacing during the final 10 minutes of a 70-minute, 31% reduction in coronary blood flow in anesthetized swine to understand the significance of apparent metabolic improvements during the initial 60 minutes of segmental ischemia. Within 5-10 minutes of ischemia, subendocardial pho...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.69.6.1458
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Choline acetyltransferase activity, which is rate limiting in acetylcholine biosynthesis, was measured in the four heart chambers of guinea pigs subjected to (1) sham surgery, (2) constriction of the ascending aorta, (3) constriction of the descending thoracic aorta, and (4) constriction of the pulmonary artery. After...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.res.36.4.547
更新日期:1975-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000261352.81736.37
更新日期:2007-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::Although atrial fibrillation is the most common serious cardiac arrhythmia, the fundamental molecular pathways remain undefined. Mutations in KCNQ1, one component of a sympathetically activated cardiac potassium channel complex, cause familial atrial fibrillation, although the mechanisms in vivo are unknown. We show h...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.RES.0000173047.42236.88
更新日期:2005-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::Leukocyte-derived microparticles (LMPs) may originate from neutrophils, monocytes/macrophages, and lymphocytes. They express markers from their parental cells and harbor membrane and cytoplasmic proteins as well as bioactive lipids implicated in a variety of mechanisms, maintaining or disrupting vascular homeostasis. ...
journal_title:Circulation research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCRESAHA.110.233403
更新日期:2012-01-20 00:00:00