Abstract：
:Although much is known about hip fracture epidemiology, there are relatively little data regarding fractures at other peripheral sites. Epidemiological differences between fractures are important, since they imply that an understanding of the consequences and clinical expression of osteoporosis requires the study of many different fracture types. Recent data regarding the basic epidemiology of limb fractures among the elderly in industrialized countries have made some patterns clear. Fractures outside the hip are relatively common events, and before age 70 to 75, ankle and distal forearm fractures occur more commonly than fractures of the hip. Among the elderly, fractures at the most proximal and most distal ends of the limbs have the highest incidence. Thus, in the upper extremity, fractures of the proximal humerus and distal forearm are the most common, while in the lower extremity, those at the hip and ankle predominate. Outside the axial skeleton, females have higher rates for most fracture types, and at most fracture sites whites have higher rates than blacks. In each limb, the most proximal fractures tend to have the most pronounced age-related increases in risk.
journal_name
Bonejournal_title
Boneauthors
Baron JA,Barrett JA,Karagas MRdoi
10.1016/8756-3282(95)00504-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-03-01 00:00:00pages
209S-213Sissue
3 Suppleissn
8756-3282issn
1873-2763pii
8756-3282(95)00504-8journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
BONE文献大全abstract：:Acceleration of remodeling activity after menopause leads to bone loss and fragility, however, whether this is associated with modifications of bone matrix quality has been less studied. The impact of variation in bone remodeling rate on bone matrix has been studied mainly in pathologies or anti-osteoporotic treatment...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2019.08.003
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Due to the increasing number of osteoporotic fractures of hip, spine, and wrist there is a growing need for methods to track down the subjects with inferior bone structure and to monitor the effects of therapeutic measures. This study aims at a noninvasive diagnostic tool, deriving architectural properties of trabecul...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(97)00233-0
更新日期：1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the 40 years since its discovery, calcitonin (CT) has been regarded primarily as an inhibitor of bone resorption and its therapeutic applications have been based on this property. A significant body of literature also indicates additional anabolic effects in animal and in vitro models. In a variety of bone loss...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(99)00200-8
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Runx2 and Axin2 regulate skeletal development. We recently determined that Axin2 and Runx2 molecularly interact in differentiating osteoblasts to regulate intramembranous bone formation, but the relationship between these factors in endochondral bone formation was unresolved. To address this, we examined the effects o...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2014.06.022
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To examine the ability of tamoxifen (TAM) to conserve bone in the estrogen-deficient ovariectomized (OVX) rat in the presence and absence of parathyroid hormone (PTH) six groups of rats with 45Ca-labeled bones were studied for 12 weeks. Rats were OVX, parathyroidectomized (PTX), or given sham operations and treated wi...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/8756-3282(94)90273-9
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The direct effects of physical activity on long bones are already recognized. However, little information is available regarding distant osseous sites, such as maxillary bone. We evaluated the influence of physical training on alveolar bone quality, with and without mechanically-induced load during orthodontic tooth m...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2020.115496
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The osteoprotegerin (OPG)/receptor activator of NF-kappaB ligand (RANKL) axis is thought to be involved in the upregulation of bone turnover following sex steroid deficiency. Here, we investigated the effects of orchiectomy (ORX) on bone turnover and free soluble RANKL (sRANKL) in aged rats. Free, bioactive sRANKL is ...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2009.05.024
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:While the importance of cortical structure quantification is increasingly underscored by recent literature, conventional analysis techniques obscure potentially important regional variations in cortical structure. The objective of this study was to characterize the spatial variability in cortical geometry and...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2012.10.031
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although low bone mineral density (BMD) is strongly associated with increased fracture risk, up to 50% of those who suffer fractures are not detected as high-risk patients by BMD testing. Thus, new approaches may improve identification of those at increased risk for fracture by in vivo assessment of altered bone tissu...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2015.03.021
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent in vitro and animal studies suggest that cholesterol and its metabolites inhibit the functional activity of osteoblasts and thereby induce reduced bone mineralization. However, scant information is available on the clinical implication of these findings with special regard to postmenopausal bone loss. Therefore...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00918-3
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Tumor necrosis factor (TNF) actions in target tissues are mediated by various signalling pathways. The effect of TNF to stimulate resorption in fetal rat limb bones is not inhibited by indomethacin. The current studies were designed to assess the role of cyclic AMP (cAMP) and calcium as second messengers in this prost...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/8756-3282(93)90317-4
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human calvarium is a sandwich structure with two dense layers of cortical bone separated by porous cancellous bone. The variation of the three dimensional geometry, including the layer thicknesses and the volume fraction of the cancellous layer across the population, is unavailable in the current literature. This ...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2015.04.031
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a lot of interest for how and how much osteoclasts resorb bone. However, little is known about the mechanism which controls the orientation and the duration of a resorptive event, thereby determining the specific geometry of a cavitation. Here we show that the relative rate of collagenolysis vs. demineralizat...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2013.06.007
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although osteoporosis is usually associated with women, 1 in 12 men in the UK have the disease, and a third of these cases are idiopathic. Estrogen is now known to be associated with bone loss in older men, but we found, previously, that levels of this hormone were normal in younger cases of male idiopathic osteoporos...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/S8756-3282(00)00246-5
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SOST encodes sclerostin, an inhibitor of bone formation that antagonizes canonical Wnt signaling. Variations of SOST expression have an impact on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone strength. We hypothesized that genetic and epigenetic DNA modifications have an impact on SOST gene expression. By analyzing 43 bone samp...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2016.08.004
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoporosis is a major cause of disability in the United States. Numerous factors contribute to the decline in bone mineral density (BMD) that characterizes this disease, and the importance of heredity is now widely appreciated. We evaluated the joint contributions of genes and environmental factors on variation in B...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(03)00246-1
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The degree of mineralization of bone matrix is an important factor in determining the mechanical competence of bone. The remodeling and modeling activities of bone cells together with the time course of mineralization of newly formed bone matrix generate a characteristic bone mineralization density distribution (BMDD)...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(02)00973-0
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies suggest that whole-body vibration (WBV) can improve measures of bone health for certain clinical conditions and ages. In the elderly, there also is particular interest in assessing the ability of physical interventions such as WBV to improve coordination, strength, and movement speed, which help prevent...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2010.07.014
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have investigated the effects of physical activity on bone health; however, little is known about the effects of isokinetic strength training on bone. While bone mineral density (BMD) is widely used to assess bone health and fracture risk, there are several limitations of this measure that warrant new...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2007.07.004
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Disuse osteoporosis, which occurs commonly in prolonged bed rest and immobilization, is becoming a major problem in modern societies; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying unloading-driven bone loss have not been fully elucidated. The osteocyte network is considered to be an ideal mechanosensor and mechanotrans...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2011.07.012
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study we report on histological and ultrastructural investigations of the mandibular cortical bone in a case of autosomal dominant osteopetrosis type II complicated by mandibular osteomyelitis. Histologically, there was a marked increase in the number and size of osteoclasts on the inner bone surface. An undec...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(00)00330-6
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Osteoarthritis (OA) is a disease of the whole joint characterized by cartilage loss and subchondral bone remodeling. The role of microcracks in cartilage integrity and subchondral bone homeostasis is not fully understood. The main goal of this work was to evaluate microcrack density in both calcified cartila...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2019.03.011
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatigue behavior of compact bone at physiological strain ranges was examined in vitro. Standardized specimens of bovine compact bone were cyclically loaded in uniaxial tension of 0-1200 or 0-1500 microstrain for up to 13-37 million cycles to study the long-term fatigue properties. All specimens exhibited fatigue durin...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/8756-3282(90)90087-f
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bisphosphonates are one of the most well studied groups of medications and they are bone specific. This tissue specificity is a rare property for a drug introduced into clinical practice as long as 40 years ago. Over the years, the therapeutic boundaries of bisphosphonates were explored and their safety profile has wi...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2011.01.003
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Osteoclasts are specialized secretory cells of the myeloid lineage important for normal skeletal homeostasis as well as pathologic conditions of bone including osteoporosis, inflammatory arthritis and cancer metastasis. Differentiation of these multinucleated giant cells from precursors is controlled by the cytokine R...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2012.08.113
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies were carried out to characterize the effects of cyclosporines and FK506 on the formation and survival of osteoclasts deriving from mouse bone marrow cultures. Cyclosporin A (CsA), cyclosporin B (CsB), cyclosporin H (CsH), and FK506 all inhibited receptor activator of NFkappaB ligand (RANKL)-stimulated tartrate...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2004.02.009
更新日期：2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) has been associated with deterioration of bone microarchitecture and strength, resulting in increased fracture risk. Substantial studies have revealed the capacity of moderate-intensity static magnetic fields (SMF) on promoting osteoblastogenesis in vitro and stimulating bone growth and...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2017.10.024
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serum PINP has emerged as a reliable marker of bone turnover in humans and is routinely used to monitor bone formation. However, the effects of PTH (1-34) on bone turnover have not been evaluated following short-term treatment. We present data demonstrating that PINP is an early serum biomarker in the rat for assessin...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2006.11.027
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apert syndrome (AS) is one of the most severe craniosynostoses and is characterized by premature fusion of craniofacial sutures. Mutations of either Ser252Trp or Pro253Arg in fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) are responsible for nearly all known cases of AS. Here we show that mutant mice carrying the activat...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s8756-3282(03)00222-9
更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in bone strength and structure were found in knockout (KO) mouse strains with deletion of several acetylcholine receptors. Interestingly, the expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) subunit α10 was down-regulated in osteogenic differentiated mesenchymal stem cells of patients with osteo...
journal_title：Bone
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bone.2018.11.003
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
