Abstract:
:The odds risk of vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) to preterm infants is almost four times that of term infants and may relate to maternal and neonatal factors. We characterized the competence of early nonspecific cellular immunity, namely natural killer cytotoxicity (NKC) and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC), of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from preterm (n = 20) and term neonates (n = 28) versus adult controls against a T cell line infected with the human T cell lymphotrophic virus-III(B) using a chromium-51 release assay. PBMC from term neonates exhibited levels of NKC activity equal to adults against HIV-infected targets, yet the NKC capacity of preterm neonatal PBMC was significantly diminished. The ADCC activity of both term and preterm neonatal PBMC against HIV-infected targets was significantly less than that of adult PBMC. Overnight stimulation of a subset of samples with IL-12 augmented the NKC activity of both infant groups and adults, whereas the ADCC activity remained unchanged. These findings demonstrate that term neonates are deficient in ADCC against HIV-infected targets, whereas preterm infants are deficient in both NKC and ADCC, which may relate, in part, to the increased risk of transmission of HIV with preterm delivery. In addition, IL-12 has the potential to augment both term and preterm neonatal antiviral defense.
journal_name
Pediatr Resjournal_title
Pediatric researchauthors
Merrill JD,Sigaroudinia M,Kohl Sdoi
10.1203/00006450-199609000-00021subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-09-01 00:00:00pages
498-503issue
3eissn
0031-3998issn
1530-0447journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To date, many mutations, including intronic nucleotide changes, in the SLC12A3 gene encoding the thiazide-sensitive sodium-chloride cotransporter (NCCT) have been reported in Gitelman's syndrome (GS) patients. However, it has not been clarified whether intronic nucleotide changes affect mRNA content. Since mRNA analys...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/pdr.0b013e318031935a
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The response of cerebral blood volume (CBVR) to a small induced change in arterial carbon dioxide tension was studied by near-infrared spectroscopy in 17 newborn infants born from 26 wk of gestation to term. All 17 infants were undergoing mechanical ventilation but had apparently normal brains. The CBVR per kPa change...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199106010-00007
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus is characterized by microangiopathy and increased angiogenic response in various organs. Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) as well as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are both angiogenic and are involved in vascular endothelial cell growth. The purpose of this study was to determine seru...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199812000-00008
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199712000-00023
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell-mediated immunity is not well characterized in very low birth weight infants, and abnormalities may represent a significant vulnerability to infection. This report describes 165 serial studies in 58 infants between 700 and 1300 g birth weight during the first 8 wk of life. Two ml of blood were drawn at 2-wk inter...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198805000-00003
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolated TSH deficiency leading to hypothyroidism seems to be a rare condition, escaping the diagnosis by neonatal screening programs, which are based on the primary determination of TSH. This is the first report of a case with an autosomal recessive TSH defect caused by a homozygous mutation of the betaTSH gene that ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199908000-00007
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000252439.48564.37
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Genotyping tests were developed to attenuate the impact of viral resistance. Information about the efficacy in genotype base antiretroviral therapy in children is rare and even more in low- and middle-income countries. METHODS:Sixteen children with antiretroviral therapy (ART) failure and triple-class drug-...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1038/pr.2016.53
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
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doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000064583.40495.51
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
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doi:10.1203/01.pdr.0000233085.72522.04
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown that glucocorticoids accelerate lung development by limiting alveolar formation resulting from a premature maturation of the alveolar septa. Based on these data, the aim of the present work was to analyze the influence of dexamethasone on cell cycle control mechanisms during postnatal lung developmen...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-200202000-00008
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e3182275164
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198704000-00003
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::All enzymes of the urea cycle are demonstrable in circulating leukocytes. They show the same relative activities as those in liver except for argininosuccinate synthetase + lyase (combined) which seems to be disproportionately active. To see whether leukocytes reflect liver activity, blood from patients with three hep...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-197506000-00004
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Normal values for the percentages of lymphocytes carrying surface membrane-bound immunoglobulin, or rosetting with sheep erythrocytes, ox erythrocytes coated with rabbit immunoglobulin G, or ox erythrocytes coated with rabbit immunoglobulin M and reacted with human serum partially de-complemented with zymozan, have be...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-197906000-00016
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) are likely effectors of normal lung development, especially branching morphogenesis, angiogenesis, and extracellular matrix degradation. Because hyperoxia exposure (>95% O(2)) from d 4 to 14 in newborn rat pups leads to arrest of alveolarization and mimics newborn chronic lung disease, ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000130658.45564.1F
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both severe impairments of brain development in untreated infants and acute reversible neurotoxic effects on brain function are clinical features of phenylketonuria (PKU). For determining whether impairments of cerebral energy metabolism play a role in the pathophysiology of PKU, quantitative in vivo 31P magnetic reso...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/01.PDR.0000055867.83310.9E
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitation of the body's fat and learn masses is an important component of nutritional assessment. Such measurements, however, are difficult to conduct routinely in infants due to the numerous limitations of traditional methods. The application of total body electrical conductivity measurements for quantitating fat-...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of our study was to understand the relationship between consanguineous marriages and reproductive outcomes. METHODS:A total of 999 families were recruited from five Muslim populations of Jammu region. Family pedigrees were drawn to access the family history and inbreeding status in terms of coeffici...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2016.177
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2013.74
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We probed possible developmentally related changes in thin filament activity in rat hearts with the aid of calmidazolium (CDZ). CDZ is a calmodulin antagonist that also binds to troponin C and stimulates Ca2+ troponin C-dependent activation of cardiac myofibrillar contractile activity. In paired experiments, we compar...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199007000-00011
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
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doi:10.1203/00006450-200206000-00003
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-197512000-00011
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2012.187
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199508000-00015
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2013.215
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A prospective study to define the normal patterns of development of mucosal immunity in 263 children provided a unique opportunity to study the mucosal immune response in an infant who unexpectedly died from sudden infant death syndrome. The subject initially had a normal pattern of mucosal immune function, which was ...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-199306000-00003
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/pr.2016.93
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Increased concentrations of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) have been reported in the sera and sputum of patients with cystic fibrosis. We have found significantly higher concentrations of CEA in both extracted and unextracted saliva of patients with cystic fibrosis compared to age-matched controls and a comparable gro...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/00006450-198003000-00002
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that cerebellar injury in the premature infant is followed by significant growth impairment of the contralateral cerebral hemisphere evident as early as term adjusted age. In this study, we hypothesize that this remote growth restriction is region specific in the cerebrum. In a prospectively enrolled coh...
journal_title:Pediatric research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1203/PDR.0b013e3181e1d032
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00