Liposomal subunit vaccines: effects of lipid A and aluminum hydroxide on immunogenicity.

Abstract:

:Protein and peptide antigens frequently are only slightly immunogenic when utilized alone in vaccines. Formulation of these antigens in a carrier vehicle, particularly when an adjuvant is included, often results in markedly enhanced immune responses. Encapsulation of peptide and protein antigens in liposomes generally results in a relatively slight enhancement of antibody production compared with that observed with the antigen alone. However, when lipid A is included in the liposomes, immunogenicity is markedly increased compared both with antigen alone and with antigen encapsulated in liposomes lacking lipid A. The enhancement of the immune response caused by lipid A is dependent on the liposomal lipid A dose. Aluminum salts, such as aluminum hydroxide and aluminum phosphate, act as adjuvants for some antigens and are used in a variety of human vaccines. When liposomes containing encapsulated protein or peptide antigens were adsorbed with aluminum hydroxide, an enhancement of the antibody response was observed with some antigens, whereas with other antigens the presence of aluminum hydroxide either had no effect or resulted in a diminished antibody response. Immunogenicity of protein and peptide antigens can be enhanced by formulation in liposomes containing lipid A and, depending on the antigen, can be enhanced further by adsorption of the liposomal antigen formulation with aluminum salts.

journal_name

J Pharm Sci

authors

Richards RL,Alving CR,Wassef NM

doi

10.1021/js9601593

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1996-12-01 00:00:00

pages

1286-9

issue

12

eissn

0022-3549

issn

1520-6017

pii

S0022-3549(15)50194-9

journal_volume

85

pub_type

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