Abstract:
:Quantitative interference microscopy was used to determine changes in nuclear and nucleolar indices (dry mass and cross-sectional area) in upper and lower epidermal cells and adjacent leaf-margin hair cells of the May apple (Podophyllum peltatum L.) leaves over a 42-day period (after leaves emerged above the ground litter). These indices decreased in a highly correlated manner. A ploidy variation may exist between epidermal cells and leaf-margin hair cells. Using the leaf-margin hair cells model, six nuclear macromolecule indices (total nucleic acid, DNA, RNA, total nuclear protein, histone and non-histone protein), nuclear volume, nucleolar volume and perinucleolar volume (measured using quantitative epifluorescence-phase contrast microscopy) all declined with age (42-day study) in a highly correlated manner. The degeneration of the nucleus and nucleolus in the three leaf locations studied followed the patterns observed for programmed cellular senescence and death (necrosis) in epidermal cells of onion leaf bases (stored tissue; leaf bases did not contain chlorophyll) and human epithelial cells (buccal; cervical). We conclude that the epidermal cells and leaf-margin hair cells from green leaves of the May Apple are ideal for the study of programmed cell senescence and death in plants, especially for the partitioning of this process into the study of: the point-of-no-return (solubilization of the karyoskeleton and loss of non-histone proteins and RNA associated with the karyoskeleton from the nucleus); nuclear pycnosis (loss of nuclear dry mass and volume and loss of nuclear internal support structure); chromatin condensation, margination along the inner nuclear envelope; and DNA-histone degeneration; degeneration of the nucleolus and loss of the perinucleolar zone of exclusion. The characterization of chlorenchyma cells during the 42-day period should now be undertaken (leaf senescence as indicated by the beginning of yellowing about 35 days after emergence) to determine whether these cells with functional chloroplasts undergo nuclear changes like those lacking functional chloroplasts.
journal_name
Mech Ageing Devjournal_title
Mechanisms of ageing and developmentauthors
Bhattacharya PK,Pappelis AJ,Lee SC,BeMiller JN,Karagiannis CSdoi
10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01804-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-12-20 00:00:00pages
83-99issue
2-3eissn
0047-6374issn
1872-6216pii
S0047-6374(96)01804-0journal_volume
92pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The antigen-specific antibody secretion in vitro after immunisation with the primary T-cell dependent antigen Helix pomatia Haemocyanin (HPH) was investigated in both young and elderly individuals, who all met the health admission criteria for immunogerontological studies as detailed in the SENIEUR protocol. In additi...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(92)90069-p
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a relatively rapid, safe and simple method for the quantification of sjTREC levels in samples of peripheral blood. The assay uses an image analysis package to measure the brightness of PCR product bands on an image of the standard agarose gel. Comparison of the brightness of the band with that obtain...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(00)00197-4
更新日期:2000-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Prostaglandin (PG) synthesis by human embryo lung fibroblasts in culture was determined with increasing population doubling. These cultures synthesized PGE2, PGF2 alpha, PGI2 (prostacyclin) and TXA2 (thromboxane A2) in response to fetal bovine serum or ascorbic acid. Changes in prostaglandin synthesis by these cells d...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(80)90063-9
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The endothelin-1 (ET-1) concentrations were measured by RIA in the media of confluent monolayer cultures of rat articular chondrocyte (RAC) exposed to fetal calf serum (FCS) and several growth factors and cytokines. The cells were obtained from 1- and 18-month-old rats. First passage cells were starved in Dulbecco's m...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(99)00117-7
更新日期:2000-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effects of prolonged hypoxia and hypoxia-reoxygenation in senescent blood vessels, isolated aortic rings from 4- and 24-month-old (mo) Wistar rats were submitted to prolonged hypoxia (50 min) or hypoxia/reoxygenation (20 min/30 min) and contractile function recorded. Phenylephrine-induced contraction ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(01)00327-x
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a cell model for loss of differentiated gene expression in cellular aging. Over long periods in culture, bovine adrenocortical cells lose expression of a specialized gene, steroid 17 alpha-hydroxylase. The decline in expression of 17 alpha-hydroxylase in mass cultures and clones of bovine adrenocorti...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(91)90115-g
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several laboratory animal models have shown that dietary energy restriction (ER) can promote longevity and improve various health aspects in old age. However, whether the entire spectrum of ER-induced short- and long-term physiological and metabolic adaptions is translatable to humans remains to be determined. In this...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2020.111364
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The general objective of this study was to examine the relationship between oxygen free radicals and the aging process. The rate of superoxide anion radical (O2.-) generation was measured in liver sub-mitochondrial particles from mouse, rat, rabbit, pig and cow, and in flight muscle sub-mitochondrial particles from th...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(89)90096-1
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bone marrow content, proliferative potential and proliferative activity of precursor cells for stromal fibroblast colony forming cells (CFC-F) were investigated in young and old CBA mice. The relationship between CFC-F and the number of bone marrow nucleated cells and granulocytic-macrophagal precursors (GM-CFC) w...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(90)90061-j
更新日期:1990-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Caenorhabiditis elegans males live longer than hermaphrodites when cultured individually. Since hermaphrodites contain a pair of X chromosomes (XX) and males are XO (there is no Y chromosome in C. elegans), we questioned whether chromosomal differences per se might impact life span. The use of mutations in the sex-det...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2007.06.001
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-specific incidence rates for cancers of the female breast, ovary, corpus uteri, testis, prostate and male and female cancers of the stomach, colon, rectum, lung, and male and female Hodgkin's disease in 51 worldwide populations in the 1990 era were obtained from a published source. For each cancer in each populati...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(02)00113-6
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we show that a labyrinth channel compartment and slit diaphragms, which are the histological structures enabling insect nephrocytes ultrafiltration, are established during embryogenesis first by the garland nephrocytes (GCNs). The later pericardial nephrocytes, which represent the majority of functional nephrocyt...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2018.04.006
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown in several studies that 2-mercaptoethanol (2-ME) improves the life span and aspects of life performance of laboratory animals. To obtain further details on the beneficial effects of 2-ME, a long-term study has been performed on male CBA/Ca inbred mice treated with this antioxidant. Four month-old mic...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(88)90021-8
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the lung of Rana perezi no differences as a function of age have been found for any of the five major antioxidant enzymes, reduced (GSH), oxidized (GSSG) or glutathione ratio (GSSG/GSH), oxygen consumption (VO2) and for in vivo or in vitro stimulated tissue peroxidation. This frog shows a moderate rate of oxygen co...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(90)90089-x
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::One to 24 month old rats were anesthetized with alpha-chloralose, their cerebral cortices exposed surgically and subjected in vivo to stimulation by norepinephrine (1.0mM for 5 minutes) or electrical pulses (100 pulses/s for 10 s). After microwave fixation, cortical samples were analyzed for cyclic-AMP by the Gilman m...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(75)90038-x
更新日期:1975-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our previous results indicated that glutathione (GSH) and/or cysteine (Cys) deficiency occurs in many aging tissues and also after acetaminophen (APAP) administration. The aim of this study was to investigate whether GSH monoethyl ester (GSH-OEt) can correct these deficiencies. Mice of different ages (3-31 months) thr...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(00)00214-1
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chronic health conditions are commonplace in older populations. The process of aging impacts many of the world's top health concerns. With the average life expectancy continuing to climb, understanding patterns of morbidity in aging populations has become progressively more important. Cancer is an age-related disease,...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2017.05.002
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in activity of some hepatic enzymes related to UDP-glucuronic acid conjugation (UDP-glucose dehydrogenase and UDP-glucuronyl transferase) and glutathione-related enzymes (glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase) were investigated in male and female Wistar rats as a function of age. UDP-glucose dehydro...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(88)90084-x
更新日期:1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Long-term cultures of human umbilical endothelial cells were examined for changes in cell growth, cell density, cell volume, occurrence of multinucleated cells, prostacyclin production and negative charge of the cell surface during in vitro cellular ageing. The changes observed were consistent with the previously desc...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(88)90119-4
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental studies have not shown that the 'common' clinical experience, which suggests that wound healing is impaired in an old organism, is valid for healthy old experimental animals. We have developed a model in the rat for ischemic wound healing by using an H-shaped double skin flap, where the test wound is the ...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(91)90094-g
更新日期:1991-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron deficiency anaemia is prevalent in older age, particularly after the age of 80. Serum ferritin concentrations also decline, although there is no evidence to suggest that changes in iron stores are an inevitable consequence of ageing. Chronic inflammation is a common condition in older people, making the measureme...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2013.11.005
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Age-dependent renal damage is influenced by genetic background and the Fisher344xBrown Norway (F344xBN) rat is resistant to glomerular injury. In vulnerable strains, a fall in renal nitric oxide synthase (NOS) contributes to age-dependent renal damage. Here, we investigated renal NOS in young (3 months) and old (30 mo...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2010.10.004
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell proliferation, cell injury and aging are connected with changes in the cell membrane structure. Apparently these changes activate, in mammalian as well as in plant cells, lipases which liberate polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). PUFAs are the substrates for lipoxygenases which convert them to corresponding hydr...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(01)00220-2
更新日期:2001-05-31 00:00:00
abstract::The healing of normal incisional wounds and ischemic flap wounds was investigated in young (10 weeks) and old (102-104 weeks) rats, together with the effect of treatment with hyperbaric oxygen on day 0-3 of healing. After 10 days of healing all biomechanical strength parameters of normal wounds were decreased by 30-40...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(96)01782-4
更新日期:1996-10-25 00:00:00
abstract::Ascorbic acid content decreased with age in livers of male rats but not in those of female rats. The influence of aging on the regeneration of ascorbic acid from dehydroascorbic acid was investigated as a possible cause of declining ascorbate concentrations. The results demonstrate that hepatic NADPH-dehydroascorbic a...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(96)01784-8
更新日期:1996-11-13 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of age and nutritional conditions on accumulation of autofluorescent granules in various organs and tissues of male Sprague-Dawley rats were compared morphometrically. The relative intensity of the specific fluorescence of these autofluorescent granules was similar in all tissues and cells examined. In alm...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(88)90033-4
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA damage and mutations have been implicated as key causal events in the biological process of aging. In this context, it has been hypothesized that the complex of genome maintenance systems acts as a longevity assurance system by signaling and repairing damage or removing cells that are beyond repair. In the past, v...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2008.02.009
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study aimed to reveal aging-related changes in the skeletal muscle of SD rats by comparing transcriptome analysis, integrated with muscle physiological parameters. Ten rats aged 25 months were set as the old group (OG) and ten rats aged 6 months were set as the young group (YG). After 6 weeks of feeding, t...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.mad.2018.01.001
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This is the first in a series of articles in which we intend to critically review some of the currently used models in gerontology research and evaluate their contribution to advancing our understanding of the phenomenon of senescence. The major theories of aging are considered. We discuss what makes a model useful in...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0047-6374(00)00141-x
更新日期:2000-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::A method has been developed for the direct measurement of genetic variants in mammalian cells in culture which does not require cell division and is therefore suitable for ageing studies. Previous evidence suggests that these variants are mutations. The variant frequency was measured during the lifespan of populations...
journal_title:Mechanisms of ageing and development
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0047-6374(79)90074-5
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00