Abstract：
INTRODUCTION:Poor muscle quality and sedentary behavior are risk factors for metabolic dysfunction in children and adolescents. However, because longitudinal data are scarce, relatively little is known about how changes in muscle quality and physical activity influence bone development. PURPOSE:In a 2-yr longitudinal study, we examined the effects of physical activity and changes in muscle quality on bone parameters in young girls. METHODS:The sample included 248 healthy girls age 9-12 yr at baseline. Peripheral quantitative computed tomography was used to measure calf and thigh muscle density, an indicator of skeletal muscle fat content or muscle quality, as well as bone parameters at diaphyseal and metaphyseal sites of the femur and tibia. Physical activity was assessed using a validated questionnaire specific for youth. RESULTS:After controlling for covariates in multiple regression models, increased calf muscle density was independently associated with greater gains in cortical (β = 0.13, P < 0.01) and trabecular (β = 0.25, P < 0.001) volumetric bone mineral density and the bone strength index (β = 0.25, P < 0.001) of the tibia. Importantly, these relationships were generalized, as similar changes were present at the femur. Associations between physical activity and changes in bone parameters were weaker than those observed for muscle density. Nevertheless, physical activity was significantly (all P < 0.05) associated with greater gains in trabecular volumetric bone mineral density and the bone strength index of the distal femur. CONCLUSIONS:These findings suggest that poor muscle quality may put girls at risk for suboptimal bone development. Physical activity is associated with more optimal gains in weight-bearing bone density and strength in girls, but to a lesser extent than changes in muscle quality.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Farr JN,Laddu DR,Blew RM,Lee VR,Going SBdoi
10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829c32fesubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-12-01 00:00:00pages
2332-40issue
12eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
45pub_type
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