Abstract：
PURPOSE:Aerodynamic drag plays an important role in performance for athletes practicing sports that involve high-velocity motions. In giant slalom, the skier is continuously changing his/her body posture, and this affects the energy dissipated in aerodynamic drag. It is therefore important to quantify this energy to understand the dynamic behavior of the skier. The aims of this study were to model the aerodynamic drag of alpine skiers in giant slalom simulated conditions and to apply these models in a field experiment to estimate energy dissipated through aerodynamic drag. METHODS:The aerodynamic characteristics of 15 recreational male and female skiers were measured in a wind tunnel while holding nine different skiing-specific postures. The drag and the frontal area were recorded simultaneously for each posture. Four generalized and two individualized models of the drag coefficient were built, using different sets of parameters. These models were subsequently applied in a field study designed to compare the aerodynamic energy losses between a dynamic and a compact skiing technique. RESULTS:The generalized models estimated aerodynamic drag with an accuracy of between 11.00% and 14.28%, and the individualized models estimated aerodynamic drag with an accuracy between 4.52% and 5.30%. The individualized model used for the field study showed that using a dynamic technique led to 10% more aerodynamic drag energy loss than using a compact technique. DISCUSSION:The individualized models were capable of discriminating different techniques performed by advanced skiers and seemed more accurate than the generalized models. The models presented here offer a simple yet accurate method to estimate the aerodynamic drag acting upon alpine skiers while rapidly moving through the range of positions typical to turning technique.
journal_name
Med Sci Sports Exercjournal_title
Medicine and science in sports and exerciseauthors
Meyer F,Le Pelley D,Borrani Fdoi
10.1249/MSS.0b013e3182443315subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-06-01 00:00:00pages
1109-15issue
6eissn
0195-9131issn
1530-0315journal_volume
44pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of different volumes of high-intensity resistance training on isometric torque and muscle thickness. Training was conducted three times per week using one set (low volume, EX-1, N = 18) or three sets (high volume, EX-3, N = 20) of dynamic variable resistance exerc...
journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-199610000-00016
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000241642.82725.ac
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001213
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31817f36f9
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e318228b60e
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200009000-00001
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doi：10.1249/01.mss.0000174881.68546.ec
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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doi：
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pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0b013e31829a6ce8
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/MSS.0000000000001448
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1249/00005768-199307000-00016
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1983-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
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更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200103000-00015
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Medicine and science in sports and exercise
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1097/00005768-200009001-00009
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
