Abstract:
:Three simulation experiments were conducted to determine the basis of the high predictive accuracy (98%) of temporal processing variables for the identification of language impairment obtained by Tallal, Stark, and Mellits (1985). In the first two experiments, the stepwise discriminant analysis using a set of 160 arrays of random numbers to predict a dichotomous language status (either normal or disordered) resulted in an average accuracy rate of 86.3% in contrast with the 98% rate obtained by Tallal, Stark, and Mellits. The third experiment showed that a 95% accuracy rate could be obtained from an array of 160 variables that each may only account for about 1.5% variance in the language ability. These results emphasize the need for confirmatory studies when large data sets are used to identify a small set of predictor variables.
journal_name
Brain Langjournal_title
Brain and languageauthors
Zhang X,Tomblin JBdoi
10.1006/brln.1998.1999subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-12-01 00:00:00pages
395-403issue
3eissn
0093-934Xissn
1090-2155pii
S0093-934X(98)91999-Xjournal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In the human brain, areas 44 and 45 constitute Broca's region, the ventrolateral frontal region critical for language production. The homologues of these areas in the macaque monkey brain have been established by direct cytoarchitectonic comparison with the human brain. The cortical areas that project monosynaptically...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2013.05.005
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since Aristotle, people have believed that metaphors and similes express the same type of figurative meaning, despite the fact that they are expressed with different sentence patterns. In contrast, recent psycholinguistic models have suggested that metaphors and similes may promote different comprehension processes. I...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.03.006
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2005.11.007
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irony comprehension requires integration of social contextual information. Previous studies have investigated temporal aspects of irony processing and its neural substrates using psychological/electroencephalogram or functional magnetic resonance imaging methods, but have not clarified the temporospatial neural mechan...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2017.09.002
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Verbal humor deficits were investigated in right-hemisphere-damaged patients. It was hypothesized that the appreciation of jokes presupposes two elements: sensitivity to the surprise element entailed in the punch line of a joke and apprehension of the coherence which results when the punch line has been integrated wit...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934x(83)90002-0
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent experiments showed that the perception of vowel length by German listeners exhibits the characteristics of categorical perception. The present study sought to find the neural activity reflecting categorical vowel length and the short-long boundary by examining the processing of non-contrastive durations and cat...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.11.011
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circuitry in ventral occipital-temporal cortex is essential for seeing words. We analyze the circuitry within a specific ventral-occipital region, the visual word form area (VWFA). The VWFA is immediately adjacent to the retinotopically organized VO-1 and VO-2 visual field maps and lies medial and inferior to visual f...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.04.010
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2009.09.001
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study addresses continuing controversies concerning the nature of semantic impairment in early dementia of the Alzheimer type (DAT), and the relationship between conceptual knowledge and picture naming. A series of analyses of fine-grained feature knowledge data show that: (1) distinctive features of concepts wer...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.08.003
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::A group with right hemisphere dysfunction was compared to neurologically intact controls regarding the referential cohesion and logical coherence of narrative production. A somewhat varied sample of six stories was obtained with tasks of cartoon-elicited story-telling and auditory-oral retelling. We found deficits in ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1997.1741
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phonation is a fundamental feature of human communication. Control of phonation in the context of speech-language disturbances has traditionally been considered a characteristic of lesions to subcortical structures and pathways. Evidence suggests however, that cortical lesions may also implicate phonation. We carried ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.06.008
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During reading, we can process and integrate information from words allocated in the parafoveal region. However, whether we extract and process the meaning of parafoveal words is still under debate. Here, we obtained Fixation-Related Potentials in a Basque-Spanish bilingual sample during a Spanish reading task. By usi...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2020.104905
更新日期:2021-01-19 00:00:00
abstract::A Thai conduction aphasic's performance on a written confrontation naming task is reported. Analysis of his spelling errors indicated that errors rarely violated Thai phonotactic constraints; consonant substitutions were phonologically similar to the target stimuli; longer stimuli were more likely to be in error; dist...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934x(91)90113-f
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using event-related potentials (ERPs), we investigated the N400 (an ERP component that occurs in response to meaningful stimuli) in children aged 8-10 years old and examined relationships between the N400 and individual differences in listening comprehension, word recognition and non-word decoding. Moreover, we tested...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2010.12.003
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The study of cerebral specialization in persons with Down syndrome (DS) has revealed an anomalous pattern of organization. Specifically, dichotic listening studies (e.g., Elliott & Weeks, 1993) have suggested a left ear/right hemisphere dominance for speech perception for persons with DS. In the current investigation,...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.1998.2131
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite anecdotal data on lexical interference among the languages of multilingual speakers, little research evidence about the lexical connections among multilinguals' languages exists to date. In the present paper, two experiments with a multilingual speaker who had suffered aphasia are reported. The first experimen...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2006.05.004
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vocal reaction times were measured in Italian dyslexics and in proficient readers while they read single words. Three groups of control participants (for a total of 79) were tested. All were in the first, second or third grade of elementary school. Nine third graders with a low level of reading ability when assessed b...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.10.010
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conversational discourse patterns of 11 normal elderly and 11 senile dementia of the Alzheimer's type (SDAT) patients engaged in dyadic interaction with an examiner were examined. Differences in word usage, turn taking, and speech act production were investigated both for the two-subject groups and for the examiner's ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934x(91)90133-l
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::How polysyllabic English words are analyzed in silent reading was examined in three experiments by comparing lexical decision responses to words physically split on the screen. The gap was compatible either with the Maximal Onset Principle or the Maximal Coda Principle. The former corresponds to the spoken syllable (e...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1006/brln.2001.2545
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study addresses the debate between so-called 'structural' and 'processing limitation' accounts of aphasia, i.e., whether language impairments reflect the 'loss' of linguistic knowledge or its representations, or instead reflect a limitation in processing resources. Confrontation-naming task and category-ju...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.06.002
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:'Affective prosody' defines the supra-segmental features of speech that, when manipulated, can change the type and intensity of emotion conveyed by the speaker. Although the right hemisphere is predominantly linked to the processing of affective prosodic cues, existing literature also suggests that damage to th...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2016.12.001
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A within-subjects study of the affective characteristics of voice was carried out in patients undergoing a Wada Test (WT). All patients became densely aphasic after the left-sided WT and lost the ability to impart affect into speech after the right-sided WT. The affective changes in voice induced by the Wada test were...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934x(88)90058-2
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five Wernicke's aphasics and five normal control subjects were tested in order to assess several aspects of fundamental frequency (F0) in speech production. The clinical impression of normal prosody in Wernicke's aphasia is correct inasmuch as these patients generally exhibited F0 declination. However, F0 declination ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934x(83)90052-4
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of attentional control in lexical ambiguity resolution was examined in two patients with damage to the left inferior frontal gyrus (LIFG) and one control patient with non-LIFG damage. Experiment 1 confirmed that the LIFG patients had attentional control deficits compared to normal controls while the non-LIFG ...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2010.09.012
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Does age constrain the outcome of all language acquisition equally regardless of whether the language is a first or second one? To test this hypothesis, the English grammatical abilities of deaf and hearing adults who either did or did not have linguistic experience (spoken or signed) during early childhood were inves...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(03)00137-8
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to assess neural activation as participants learned to segment continuous streams of speech containing syllable sequences varying in their transitional probabilities. Speech streams were presented in four runs, each followed by a behavioral test to measure the exte...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2012.11.007
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study is twofold. First, to investigate the use of functional categories by two Greek agrammatic aphasics. Second, to discuss the implications of our findings for the characterization of the deficit in agrammatism. The functional categories under investigation were the following: definite and indefinit...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00541-2
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The syllable has received considerable empirical support as a unit of processing in speech perception, but its status in speech production remains unclear. Some researchers propose that syllables are individually represented and retrieved during phonological encoding (e.g., Dell, 1986; Ferrand, Segui, & Grainger, 1996...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0093-934x(02)00501-1
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of CV syllables was studied in a backward masking paradigm in order to examine two types of interactions observed between dichotically presented speech sounds: the feature sharing effect and the lag effect. Pairs of syllables differed in the consonant, the vowel, and their relative times of onset. Inter...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0093-934X(74)90012-1
更新日期:1974-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The findings of previous investigations into word perception in the upper and the lower visual field (VF) are variable and may have incurred non-perceptual biases caused by the asymmetric distribution of information within a word, an advantage for saccadic eye-movements to targets in the upper VF and the possibility t...
journal_title:Brain and language
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.bandl.2004.03.002
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00