Abstract:
:Depression is characterized by sadness, purposelessness, irritability, and impaired body functions. Depression causes severe symptoms for several weeks, and dysthymia, which may cause chronic, low-grade symptoms. Treatment of depression involves psychotherapy, medications, or phototherapy. Clinical and experimental evidence indicates that an appropriate diet can reduce symptoms of depression. The neurotransmitter, serotonin (5-HT), synthesized in the brain, plays an important role in mood alleviation, satiety, and sleep regulation. Although certain fruits and vegetables are rich in 5-HT, it is not easily accessible to the CNS due to blood brain barrier. However the serotonin precursor, tryptophan, can readily pass through the blood brain barrier. Tryptophan is converted to 5-HT by tryptophan hydroxylase and 5-HTP decarboxylase, respectively, in the presence of pyridoxal phosphate, derived from vitamin B(6). Hence diets poor in tryptophan may induce depression as this essential amino acid is not naturally abundant even in protein-rich foods. Tryptophan-rich diet is important in patients susceptible to depression such as certain females during pre and postmenstrual phase, post-traumatic stress disorder, chronic pain, cancer, epilepsy, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, schizophrenia, and drug addiction. Carbohydrate-rich diet triggers insulin response to enhance the bioavailability of tryptophan in the CNS which is responsible for increased craving of carbohydrate diets. Although serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) are prescribed to obese patients with depressive symptoms, these agents are incapable of precisely regulating the CNS serotonin and may cause life-threatening adverse effects in the presence of monoamine oxidase inhibitors. However, CNS serotonin synthesis can be controlled by proper intake of tryptophan-rich diet. This report highlights the clinical significance of tryptophan-rich diet and vitamin B(6) to boost serotonergic neurotransmission in depression observed in various neurodegenerative diseases. However pharmacological interventions to modulate serotonergic neurotransmission in depression, remains clinically significant. Depression may involve several other molecular mechanisms as discussed briefly in this report.
journal_name
Neurochem Intjournal_title
Neurochemistry internationalauthors
Shabbir F,Patel A,Mattison C,Bose S,Krishnamohan R,Sweeney E,Sandhu S,Nel W,Rais A,Sandhu R,Ngu N,Sharma Sdoi
10.1016/j.neuint.2012.12.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2013-02-01 00:00:00pages
324-9issue
3eissn
0197-0186issn
1872-9754pii
S0197-0186(12)00412-3journal_volume
62pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Control of serotonin release and synthesis by amino acid neurotransmitters was investigated in rat rostral and caudal rhombencephalic raphe cells in primary cultures respectively. Endogenous amounts of taurine, glycine, GABA and glutamate were measured in both types of cultures. These amino acids were spontaneously re...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(93)90118-o
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is defined both by its progressive cognitive deterioration and hallmark increase in neuronal Aβ plaque formation. However, many of the underlying neurobiological facets of this disease are still being elucidated. Previous research has demonstrated that production of neuronal hydrogen sulfide (...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.01.004
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::E1 mice are an animal model of human epilepsy (idiopathic complex partial seizures). We have previously demonstrated abrupt poly(A)(+) RNA expression in liver from 1-day-old E1 mouse [Mita et al., 1991. Devl. Brain Res. 64, 27-35]. In the present study, we constructed a cDNA library of the poly(A)(+) RNA. By analyzing...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(00)00089-9
更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) is a pro-inflammatory cytokine produced in the brain by endogenous microglial cells responding to injury. Levels of IL-1 beta are elevated in several neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease. IL-1 beta, which can act as a mitogen for astrocytes, also elicits the express...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(01)00042-0
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphodiesterase-5 (PDE5) inhibitors act by competing with the substrate, cGMP, for the catalytic site of the enzyme. Two commercialized PDE5 inhibitors, sildenafil and vardenafil, are being used to treat erectile dysfunction. These two compounds differ in the heterocyclic ring system used to mimic the purine ring of...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2004.03.016
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple procedure for isolating a fraction enriched in synaptic plasma membrane (SPM) vesicles from sheep brain cortex is described and is used in studying uptake and release of [(3)H]GABA. The crude synaptosomal fraction was subjected to osmotic shock and the lysate was subfractioned in a discontinuous density gradi...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(90)90022-l
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, two different aspects of growth hormone neuroregulation during aging were considered. Twenty-month-old male rats had decreased growth hormone-releasing hormone mRNA levels and a slight reduction of somatostatin mRNA levels in the hypothalamus when compared to 8-month-old counterparts. Short-term adminis...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)90045-0
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The vasoactive peptide, endothelin-1 (ET-1) has been implicated in the pathophysiology of various diseases. Recently, we have shown that human brain endothelial cells both secrete and express immunoreactive ET-1 high-affinity ETA receptors coupled to activation of phospholipase C (PLC). The present study demonstrates ...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(93)90082-g
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondrial respiratory chain (RC) disease is a heterogeneous and highly morbid group of energy deficiency disorders for which no proven effective therapies exist. Robust vertebrate animal models of primary RC dysfunction are needed to explore the effects of variation in RC disease subtypes, tissue-specific manifest...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2017.07.008
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using immunohistochemical methods at the light and electron microscope level, the coexistence between a hypophysiotropic factor and an apparently unrelated neuropeptide was demonstrated in three distinct infundibular neuronal systems. The present results emphasize the importance of demonstrating peptide coexistences f...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(84)90003-2
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Poly(ADP-ribose)polymerase-1 (PARP-1) overactivation is a key event in neurodegeneration but the underlying molecular mechanisms wait to be unequivocally identified. Energy failure, transcriptional derangement and deadly nucleus-mitochondria cross-talk have been proposed as mechanisms responsible for PARP-1 neurotoxic...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2006.08.009
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroinflammation is believed to play an important role in neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Growing evidence suggests that n-3 PUFA have protective effects by inhibiting inflammatory processes including synthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid. There is also some evidence suggesting that i...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2009.12.022
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The synthesis of neurotransmitter glutamate in brain is mainly carried out by glutaminase enzymes. This synthesis must be exquisitely regulated because of its harmful potential giving rise to excitotoxic damage. It is noteworthy that two glutaminase isozymes coded by different genes are expressed in the brain of mamma...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2009.02.021
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative autoradiography analysis of neurotensin (NT) and somatostatin (SS) binding sites was performed on coronal sections of the medulla oblongata from 2 fetuses, 6 controls and 7 victims of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS). Throughout the first postnatal year, mean SS binding site density was similar in cont...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90134-d
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease as well as prion-related encephalopathies are neurodegenerative disorders of the central nervous system, which cause mental deterioration and progressive dementia. Both pathologies appear to be primarily associated with the pathological accumulation and deposit of β-amyloid or prion peptides in the...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2011.01.019
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown recently that the N-terminal domain of the dopamine transporter (DAT) plays a role in several transporter functions. Here we provide evidence for a possible cellular mechanism of how the N-terminus of dopamine transporter might be removed in vivo. We isolated a recombinant N-terminal protein region o...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2008.04.001
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Essential omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (omega3) are crucial to brain development and function, being relevant for behavioral performance. In the present study we examined the influence of dietary omega3 in the development of the glutamatergic system and on behavior parameters in rats. Female rats received isoca...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.02.010
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurones are dependent on their mitochondria to produce the necessary amounts of ATP for survival. Retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) have a particularly large number of mitochondria which-unlike neurones in the brain-are exposed to visual light of 400-850 nm. Here we demonstrate that short wavelength visual blue light neg...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2019.02.018
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An intraocular injection of [(3)H]proline was used to label rabbit retinal ganglion cells including components subjected to axonal transport. Degradation of rapidly axonally transported labelled proteins was estimated in an in vitro system using homogenates of the nerve terminal regions. The energy requirements of thi...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(85)90061-0
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent in vitro studies have revealed that benzodiazepines, opiates, barbiturates and ethanol might influence GABA binding to CNS membrane sites. Further studies of such interactions might be helpful for explaining both the mechanisms of action of these psychoactive agents and the tolerance/dependence that might resul...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(83)90062-1
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunohistochemical study on growth inhibitory factor (GIF) in rat brain has revealed that a glial cell layer on the surface of cerebral cortex and the cells surrounding Purkinje cells has been reported. In addition, neurons in gray matter were weakly immunostained for GIF. In situ hybridization using digoxigenin-labe...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)00170-y
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) levels and the activity of glutamate decarboxylase were measured in homogenates of rat brain cortical tissue, at different times after chronic intracortical infusion of GABA in vivo during 2, 6 or 24 h. Cortical electrical activity was also recorded. As previously described, about 1 h af...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(94)90114-7
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dopaminergic dysregulation in nucleus accumbens has been implicated in the origin of schizophrenia. Accumbal cholinergic interneurons exert powerful modulatory control of local dopamine function, through nicotinic receptors located on dopamine terminals. Fast-scan cyclic voltammetry in rat brain slices in vitro was us...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2020.104836
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dyskinesia is frequently seen in neurological disorders affecting the basal ganglia. Iminodipropionitrile (IDPN) produces a somewhat similar motor syndrome in rodents, one that is a possible model for dyskinesia. Because in previous studies the compound (N-[2-hydroxy-3-(1-piperidinyl) propoxy]-3 pyridine-carboximidoyl...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(98)00058-8
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Retinal melatonin biosynthesis is regulated in part by changes in the activity of serotonin N-acetyltransferase (NAT), which increases at night in dark-adapted retinas, but not in light-exposed retinas. Using an in vitro preparation of Xenopus laevis (African clawed frog) eye cups, we have obtained evidence supporting...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(89)90174-5
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Initial studies demonstrated the loss of lysine and simultaneous appearance of glucitollysine in intracellular proteins following incubation with sugar. For example, when a crude nervous tissue cytoskeletal preparation was incubated in 100 mM glucose for 10 days, > 60% of the lysine residues were modified. Over 20% of...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(92)90144-g
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ligand-induced changes in the conformation of extracellular loop (EL) 2 in the rat (r) dopamine transporter (DAT) were examined using limited proteolysis with endoproteinase Asp-N and detection of cleavage products by epitope-specific immunoblotting. The principle N-terminal fragment produced by Asp-N was a 19kDa pept...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2013.11.003
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A possible modulatory role of kinases on voltage sensitive Na+ channels of presynaptic brain nerve endings was investigated by testing the effect of several kinase activators and inhibitors on the elevation of [Nai] induced by veratridine in mouse brain synaptosomes loaded with a selective Na+ indicator dye. Veratridi...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0197-0186(97)00065-x
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The opening of pannexin-1 (Px1) hemichannels is regulated by the activity of P2X(7) receptors (P2X(7)Rs). At present, however, little is known about how extracellular ATP-sensitive P2X(7)Rs regulates the opening and closure of Px1 hemichannels. Several lines of evidence suggest that P2X(7)Rs are activated under pathol...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2010.12.013
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of N-methyl-norsalsolinol on basal and inhibited activity of monoamine oxidase (MAO) in membrane preparations from the caudate nucleus of the rat have been studied. For the first time, the physiological step of dopamine oxidation to 3, 4 dihydroxyphenylacetic aldehyde (DPAA) was examined. N-methyl-norsalso...
journal_title:Neurochemistry international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0197-0186(95)00048-d
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00