Abstract：
:Resting motor threshold (rMT) assessed by means of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) is thought to reflect trans-synaptic excitability of cortico-spinal neurons. TMS studies reporting rMT in idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs) yielded discrepant results, so that it is difficult to draw a definitive conclusion on cortico-spinal excitability in IGEs by simple summation of previous results regarding this measure. Our purpose was to carry out a systematic review and a meta-analysis of studies evaluating rMT values obtained during single-pulse TMS in patients with IGEs. Controlled studies measuring rMT by single-pulse TMS in drug-naive patients older than 12 years affected by IGEs were systematically reviewed. rMT values were assessed calculating mean difference and odds ratio with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Fourteen trials (265 epileptic patients and 424 controls) were included. Patients with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy (JME) have a statistically significant lower rMT compared with controls (mean difference: -6.78; 95% CI -10.55 to -3.00); when considering all subtypes of IGEs and IGEs other than JME no statistically significant differences were found. Overall considered, the results are indicative of a cortico-spinal hyper-excitability in JME, providing not enough evidence for motor hyper-excitability in other subtypes of IGE. The considerable variability across studies probably reflects the presence of relevant clinical and methodological heterogeneity, and higher temporal variability among rMT measurements over time, related to unstable cortical excitability in these patients.
journal_name
Epilepsy Resjournal_title
Epilepsy researchauthors
Brigo F,Storti M,Benedetti MD,Rossini F,Nardone R,Tezzon F,Fiaschi A,Bongiovanni LG,Manganotti Pdoi
10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.03.020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-08-01 00:00:00pages
3-13issue
1-2eissn
0920-1211issn
1872-6844pii
S0920-1211(12)00095-2journal_volume
101pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：:Six anticonvulsant drugs, phenytoin (PHT), carbamazepine (CBZ), valproate (VPA), U-54494A, losigamone (LOS), and D-20443, were studied using rat hippocampal slices and standard electrophysiological techniques. The K+ channel blocker, 4-aminopyridine (4-AP), was used as neuronal stimulant. The extracellular parameters ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(94)00077-a
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Mongolian gerbil is known as an animal model that often exhibits spontaneous seizures that are characteristic of human epilepsy. Whereas there is much more information available relating this phenomenon to anatomical and electrophysiological characteristics of the hippocampal formation, the somatosensory cortex ha...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00116-9
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) antagonist, used as an anesthetic has been reported to induce seizures both in humans and baboons predisposed to epilepsy. In this study, we aimed to characterize the acute effects of ketamine on scalp (sc-EEG) and intracranial EEG (ic-EEG) in the baboon...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.04.008
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Valproate (VPA) administration may be associated with adverse metabolic effects, among is hyperammonemia, which could suggest metabolic abnormalities as carnitine deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the risk frequency of hyperammonemia and abnormal carnitine levels in children receiving VPA who were otherw...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.04.002
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is the most common type of epilepsy with about one third of TLE patients being refractory to antiepileptic drugs. Knowledge about the mechanisms underlying seizure activity is fundamental to the discovery of new drug targets. Brain Na(+),K(+)-ATPase activity contributes to the maintenance ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.09.025
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was planned so as to evaluate whether magnetic field exposure has any significant effect on the pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced seizures. Mice were exposed to 50 Hz, 2 G (0.2 mT) magnetic field in glass cages for 1 h. Sham exposure was produced by turning off the current while the animals were in the same e...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00193-5
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although accumulating evidence indicates that the immunomodulatory medication thalidomide exerts anticonvulsant properties, the mechanisms underlying such effects of thalidomide are still unknown. Our previous preclinical study suggested that nitric oxide (NO) signaling may be involved in the anticonvulsant effects of...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106362
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate by a prospective, self-controlled method, whether treatment with carbamazepine (CBZ) and sodium valproate (VPA) monotherapy may alter serum lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] concentrations in epileptic children. METHODS:Serum Lp(a) concentrations have been determined in 18 epilep...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.05.002
更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:We performed a retrospective study to investigate seizure, EEG, social and cognitive outcome in adult LGS subjects. METHODS:We retrospectively evaluated 27 LGS patients aged 40-59 years. We assessed in particular the evolution of different seizure types and EEG findings, as well as cognitive and social outcome...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.01.012
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Children with epilepsy face significant cognitive and behavioral impairments. These impairments are due to a poorly characterized interaction between the underlying etiology, the effect of seizures and the effect of medication. The large variation in these factors make understanding the main drivers of cognitive impai...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.11.005
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:to determine the feasibility as well as the attitudes among caregivers of children and adolescents with epilepsy in China towards the use of smart phone applications (apps) for the management of seizures. METHODS:The caregivers of children and adolescents with epilepsy, ages ranging from 0 to 15 years, were ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.08.002
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium valproate is a drug widely used for the treatment of epilepsy and mood disorders. We studied the effect of valproate on cerebral energy metabolism by incubating rat brain slices with 5 mM [3-(13)C]glutamate in the absence and the presence of 1 mM valproate. Substrate removal and product formation were measured ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.10.028
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The limbic/mesial temporal lobe epilepsy syndrome has been defined as a focal epilepsy, with the implication that there is a well defined focus of onset, traditionally centered around the hippocampus. The pathology of the hippocampus in this syndrome has been well described and a number of physiological abnormalities ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00051-5
更新日期：1998-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Diffusion tensor tractography of the anterior extent of the optic radiation - Meyer's loop - prior to temporal lobe resection (TLR) may reduce the risk for postoperative visual field defect. Currently there is no standardized way to perform tractography. OBJECTIVE:To visualize Meyer's loop using determinist...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2014.01.017
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Hippocampal sclerosis (HS) is the most common pathology in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). There are a few reports concerning prognosis in patients with MTLE-HS treated medically. The study was carried out to determine the clinical risk factors affecting prognosis. METHODS:We enrolled 287 patients with M...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.03.001
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The antidepressant drug fluoxetine (FLX) has been shown to exert antiepileptic effects in several animal models, but mixed preclinical findings and occasional reports of proconvulsant effects have led to hesitation towards its use in epileptic people. Despite being developed as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.03.019
更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is increasingly being used as an adjunctive technique in the localisation of epileptogenic foci prior to surgery. As yet, few studies have been undertaken to establish the clinical associations of areas of reduced cerebral perfusion. Sixty-three consecutive patients (...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(92)90010-q
更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glutamic acid decarboxylase autoantibodies (GADA) and anti-cardiolipin autoantibodies (ACA) have been detected in adult subjects with epilepsy, though the functional implications of these findings are a matter of debate. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of GADA and ACA and to investigate their clinical sig...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.02.009
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Alterations in the level of consciousness may render the interpretation of the memory test results from the intracarotid amobarbital procedure difficult. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of inattention and somnolence on memory performance during the Amytal test. Nineteen consecutive patients un...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(92)90079-9
更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the feasibility of using epileptiform events detected by continuous electrocorticographic monitoring via a brain-responsive neurostimulation system to supplement patient-maintained seizure diaries. METHODS:Data were retrospectively analyzed from a randomized controlled trial of brain-responsive ne...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106302
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to assess the anticonvulsant effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) on Scn1a mutation-related febrile seizures. We examined physiological changes in the blood gas levels after the induction of hyperthermia-induced seizures (HISs), which were associated with the Scn1a missense mutation. We determined ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.01.003
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dietary supplements, herbal medicines, and other foods may affect the pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics of carbamazepine (CBZ), which may possibly lead to potential drug-drug/herb-drug interactions, as CBZ has a narrow therapeutic window. Sinapic acid (SA) is a bioactive phytoconstituent used as a dietary suppl...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2019.03.012
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The GABAergic system has long been implicated in epilepsy with defects in GABA neurotransmission being linked to epilepsy in both experimental animal models and human syndromes (Olsen and Avoli, 1997). However, to date no human epileptic syndrome has been directly attributed to an altered GABAergic system. The observe...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00046-7
更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inflammatory mechanisms are involved in the pathogenesis of epilepsy. Vice versa, immune functions are regulated by the brain. We measured postictal changes in serum levels of the immuno-modulating cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6 and TNFalpha in patients with well-defined temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) and determined modifying...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.05.009
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the minimum enrollment duration for identifying incident cases of epilepsy in administrative data. METHODS:We performed a retrospective dynamic cohort study using Ohio Medicaid data from 1992 to 2006 to identify a total of 5037 incident epilepsy cases who had at least 1 year of follow-up prior to ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.05.005
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) is a member of a family of enzymes that mediate the degradation of extracellular matrix proteins, and is especially involved in blood-brain barrier maintenance. Increased levels of MMP9 have been observed in many neurological disorders, including epilepsy, suggesting it may be involved in th...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.11.006
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Patients with epilepsy have excess morbidity and mortality due to ischemic cardiovascular disease. Many of these patients have elevated concentrations of plasma total homocysteine (Hcy), which is an acknowledged risk factor for cardiovascular disease, venous thromboembolic disease, foetal malformations and d...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.06.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Post-stroke seizures occur in 5-20% of patients. Modeling of stroke-induced seizures in animals provides a useful tool for investigating the molecular basis of epileptogenesis and for developing therapies for stroke patients at increased risk for epileptogenesis. The questions addressed in the study were: (1) Do rats ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(03)00034-2
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The stringent dichotomy between focal and generalized epilepsies has become a contentious issue, since neuropathological studies as well as structural and functional imaging data hypothesized the existence of focal brain abnormalities in patients with well-documented idiopathic generalized epilepsy. The aim of ...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0920-1211(02)00084-0
更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Valproate (VPA) and vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA, GVG) are two novel antiepileptic drugs with a presumed GABAergic mechanism of action. However, for VPA, this aspect has been extensively debated. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether treatment of cultured neurons with clinically relevant concentratio...
journal_title：Epilepsy research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0920-1211(88)90024-1
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
