Abstract:
:Valproate (VPA) and vigabatrin (gamma-vinyl GABA, GVG) are two novel antiepileptic drugs with a presumed GABAergic mechanism of action. However, for VPA, this aspect has been extensively debated. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether treatment of cultured neurons with clinically relevant concentrations of VPA and GVG might enhance release of endogenous GABA. In order to address the question of the fate of released GABA, studies involving exogenous, radiolabeled GABA were also undertaken. Exposure of neurons to GVG in a concentration range of 10-300 microM led to a significant increase in the cellular GABA content, whereas concentrations of VPA of 30-300 microM had no such effect. Treatment of the neurons with concentrations of GVG as low as 25 microM resulted in a pronounced increase in evoked release of endogenous GABA, compared to controls. Only high concentrations of VPA (300 microM) caused an increase in the synaptic GABA release, which reached statistical significance. Preincubating the neurons with exogenously labeled GABA in the presence of GVG or aminooxyacetic acid, both of which block GABA metabolism, caused a decrease in the specific radioactivity in the cellular GABA pool. This, together with the observation that the specific radioactivity of the releasable GABA pool always exceeded that of the cellular pool, indicates that exogenously supplied GABA preferentially labels the transmitter pool of GABA.
journal_name
Epilepsy Resjournal_title
Epilepsy researchauthors
Gram L,Larsson OM,Johnsen AH,Schousboe Adoi
10.1016/0920-1211(88)90024-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-03-01 00:00:00pages
87-95issue
2eissn
0920-1211issn
1872-6844pii
0920-1211(88)90024-1journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We analyzed preoperative ictal SPECT results from 18 frontal lobe epilepsy patients who underwent epilepsy surgery (mean age 22.9 years). Seizure onset at implanted subdural electrodes was defined as the epileptic focus in 16 of 18 patients. In two additional patients, the resected area on postoperative magnetic reson...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.09.032
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that remacemide and its desglycinyl metabolite, AR-R 2495AA, reduce neuronal damage in animal models of ischemia, subarachnoid hemorrhage, and traumatic brain injury. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether remacemide hydrochloride also alleviates seizure-induced neur...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(98)00122-3
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to explore clinical, electroencephalography (EEG), neuropsychological features and prognosis of myoclonic-astatic epilepsy (MAE). Of 327 children aged between 1 and 9 years with a diagnosis of generalized epilepsy followed between 2000 and 2008, 18 (5.5%) had MAE. Male significantly pred...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.07.021
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the minimum enrollment duration for identifying incident cases of epilepsy in administrative data. METHODS:We performed a retrospective dynamic cohort study using Ohio Medicaid data from 1992 to 2006 to identify a total of 5037 incident epilepsy cases who had at least 1 year of follow-up prior to ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2013.05.005
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The development of epilepsy and a progressive increase in susceptibility to seizures may involve changes in inhibitory and excitatory systems from the beginning of the process. The present study was focused to analyze the opioid peptide changes induced by a chemical sub-convulsant stimulation. Experiments were carried...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(99)00056-x
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zonisamide (Zonegran), a novel antiepileptic drug (AED) approved recently in Europe as adjunctive therapy for refractory partial seizures in adults, has been used extensively in Japan and the United States. A substantial body of clinical experience has accumulated over a 14-year period, allowing the properties and pha...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.11.004
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generic substitution of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) is still a matter of controversy and concern among clinicians and patients. We aimed to assess intrasubject variation in plasma concentrations of lamotrigine (LTG), levetiracetam (LEV) and topiramate (TPM) after generic substitution compared with a stable brand-name d...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2016.02.012
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Benign myoclonic epilepsy in infancy is a rare syndrome with just over 100 cases reported since the first syndromic description by Dravet and Bureau [Dravet, C., Bureau, M., 1981. The benign myoclonic epilepsy of infancy. Rev. Elecroencephalogr. Neurophysiol. Clin. 11, 438-444]. This includes 23 infants with reflex my...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2006.01.014
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemimegalencephaly (HME) is a severe unilateral brain malformation the prognosis of which may be improved by hemispherectomy. HME also provides a unique opportunity to compare normal and pathological hemispheric function in the same patient. We performed a serial functional cerebral imaging study in a child suffering ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(91)90069-r
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Generalized epilepsy with febrile seizures plus (GEFS+) comprises a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous epilepsy syndrome. Here, we provide the first report of clinical presentation and mutational analysis of SCN1A gene in 36 Malaysian GEFS+ patients. Mutational analysis of SCN1A gene revealed twenty sev...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2012.08.004
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is a common neurological disease and encompasses a variety of disorders with paroxysms. Although there is a genetic component in the pathogenesis of epilepsy, the molecular mechanisms of this syndrome remains poorly understood. Linkage analysis and positional cloning have not been sufficient tools for determi...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00141-8
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Idiopathic epilepsy (IE) is a syndrome that comprises epilepsy only, with no underlying structural brain lesion or other neurological signs or symptoms. Numerous studies have shown that genetic factors play an important role in IE. IE is a common disease in the Chinese Han population. However, the genetic ep...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.09.013
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interactions of subclinical epileptiform EEG discharges and cognitive functioning were studied in 91 patients with epilepsy, under video monitoring, to exclude overt clinical ictal phenomena during the investigations. A short-term memory test was presented as an engaging television game, in two versions, using spatial...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(87)90031-3
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in genes encoding ion channels in brain neurons have been identified in various epilepsy syndromes. In neuronal networks, "gain-of-function" of channels in excitatory neurotransmission could lead to hyper-excitation while "loss-of-function" in inhibitory transmission impairs neuronal inhibitory system, both ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2005.12.007
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The stringent dichotomy between focal and generalized epilepsies has become a contentious issue, since neuropathological studies as well as structural and functional imaging data hypothesized the existence of focal brain abnormalities in patients with well-documented idiopathic generalized epilepsy. The aim of ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(02)00084-0
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alterations in the level of consciousness may render the interpretation of the memory test results from the intracarotid amobarbital procedure difficult. The present study was designed to investigate the impact of inattention and somnolence on memory performance during the Amytal test. Nineteen consecutive patients un...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(92)90079-9
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The severe seizure genetically epilepsy-prone rat (GEPR-9) is characterized by a broad-based seizure predisposition and is increasingly recognized as a useful model of epilepsy. When sound stimulated, members of the GEPR-9 colony exhibit complete tonic extensor convulsions. Female GEPR-9s appear to experience a higher...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(88)90039-3
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A battery of psychometric tests was administered to 110 patients with epilepsy and to 24 non-epileptic controls. Eighty-four patients had been established on treatment with a single anticonvulsant drug (35 carbamazepine (CBZ), 30 sodium valproate (VPA), 19 phenytoin (PHT)) at unaltered dosage for the previous 3 months...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(90)90018-q
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) has frequently been used to investigate cerebral brain perfusion (CBP) occurring ictally and inter-ictally in epileptic patients. Several studies have addressed the multimodal analysis of the modifications occurring in cerebral areas involved in seizure activity, by c...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0920-1211(00)00111-x
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Women with epilepsy often suffer from weight gain. A similar phenomenon is seen in female rats that are kindled from the amygdala. Interestingly, it has been reported that kindling of the left amygdala causes more weight gain than kindling of the right amygdala. The present study was designed to confirm and ext...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.07.007
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acute psychological disorders (APDs) are more common in epilepsy than in the general population, with estimates varying from 2 to 16% depending on the population of patients sampled. APD has traditionally been classified by seizure activity (ictal), the early post-ictal period (post-ictal) and unrelated to seizure act...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(96)00026-5
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique is constantly evolving with higher field strength scanners, the question arises whether images from different field strength scanners can be used interchangeably for scientific and clinical purposes. We address this issue in a study group of patients with temporal lobe ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2008.06.012
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To analyze electroclinical features of absence seizures during sleep. PRINCIPAL RESULTS:30 children with genetic generalized epilepsy had 52 paroxysms of GSW >2s during sleep. 18/52 (35%) demonstrated a clinical sign. Ictal GSW lasted an average of 6.5s. CONCLUSION:Motor manifestations are seen during GSW>2s ...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2010.12.009
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Valproate (VPA) administration may be associated with adverse metabolic effects, among is hyperammonemia, which could suggest metabolic abnormalities as carnitine deficiency. This study aimed to evaluate the risk frequency of hyperammonemia and abnormal carnitine levels in children receiving VPA who were otherw...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.04.002
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential clinical efficacy of tiagabine for control of status epilepticus was evaluated in an experimental model. Tiagabine was administered to cobalt-lesioned rats in which status epilepticus was induced by injection of homocysteine thiolactone. Tiagabine was effective in controlling status epilepticus in this m...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(94)90067-1
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of the study was to validate the Chinese version of The Liverpool Adverse Events Profile (LAEP) in patients with epilepsy. The scale was translated from the English version into a Chinese version and was then back-translated to examine its accuracy. Content validity, concurrent validity, and construct va...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2011.01.008
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ketogenic diet has been used to treat intractable epilepsy for many years, yet the mechanism(s) underlying its effectiveness have not been completely elucidated. However, emerging evidence indicates that the ketogenic diet may correct or otherwise alter a 'dystopic' gut microbiota that exhibits altered fecal micro...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2020.106409
更新日期:2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) is increasingly being used as an adjunctive technique in the localisation of epileptogenic foci prior to surgery. As yet, few studies have been undertaken to establish the clinical associations of areas of reduced cerebral perfusion. Sixty-three consecutive patients (...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(92)90010-q
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dichotic word listening asymmetries are thought to be useful in predicting side of temporal lobe dysfunction. However, little direct evidence exists to support this assumption in practice, especially in patients with subtle epileptogenic lesions. To determine if word listening ear asymmetries are valid predictors of s...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0920-1211(94)90025-6
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cranial MRI has been shown to be a safe procedure in patients with a vagus nerve stimulator (VNS), but body MRI may cause overheating of the stimulator lead. Here we report a case of a patient with an implanted vagus nerve stimulator who required a cervical spinal MRI due to a rapidly progressive paraparesis. The spin...
journal_title:Epilepsy research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2009.02.008
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00