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'Volume-expanded' hypertension: the effect of fluid overload and the role of the sympathetic nervous system in salt-dependent hypertension.

Abstract：

:It is widely believed that salt-dependent hypertension is induced and maintained by expansion of intravascular fluid volume resulting from excessive retention of sodium. The purpose of this brief article is to present a series of arguments in support of the thesis that volume overload per se does not raise the arterial blood pressure. Several investigators in the 1960s and 1970s reported that excessive retention of salt - regardless of cause - leads to sympathetic activation mediated by the effects of the Na ion on α(2)-adrenergic receptors located mostly in the brainstem. In recent years, the cloning and characterization of α(2)-adrenergic receptors subtypes permitted differentiation of their hemodynamic effects via use of salt loading of nephrectomized animals submitted to genetic engineering or gene treatment. These studies indicate that sodium alters the balance between the sympathoinhibitory α(2A)-adrenergic receptors and the sympathoexcitatory α(2B)-adrenergic receptors, leading to a hyperadrenergic hypertensive state unrelated to volume overload.

journal_name

J Hypertens

journal_title

Journal of hypertension

authors

Gavras I,Gavras H

doi

10.1097/HJH.0b013e32834f6de1

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2012-04-01 00:00:00

pages

655-9

issue

4

eissn

0263-6352

issn

1473-5598

journal_volume

30

pub_type

杂志文章,评审

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