Abstract：
:There is little agreement on sleep-wake state categories for describing infants, nor is there agreement on how states are to be conceptualized. We propose General Systems Theory as a perspective for viewing behavioral states and for describing their function as a behavioral system within the infant's larger social system. In the social context, states provide communicative cues, mediate perception of caregiver stimuli, and modulate the infant's responses to those stimuli. Thus, states reflect the infant's CNS status and they are related in a complex, dynamic way to the developmental course of that status. A taxonomy of infants' behavioral states is described, composed of ten Primary States: Alert, Nonalert Waking, Fuss, Cry, Drowse, Daze, Sleep-Wake Transition, Active Sleep, Active-Quiet Transition, and Quiet Sleep. Using combinations of these states, a set of six Derived States is also defined. Results of naturalistic studies of infants' states are described to demonstrate for each of these states: reliability of measurement, evidence for concurrent and predictive validity, and unique intraperson correlation patterns. The findings support the usefulness of this state taxonomy for describing infants and for investigating the functions of state. Categorical and conceptual differences with the states as viewed by Wolff and Prechtl are discussed.
journal_name
Neurosci Biobehav Revjournal_title
Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviewsauthors
Thoman EBdoi
10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80165-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-04-01 00:00:00pages
93-107issue
1eissn
0149-7634issn
1873-7528pii
S0149-7634(05)80165-4journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Considerable progress has been made in elucidating the mechanisms underlying the generation of circadian rhythmicity. This review describes several distinct lines of evidence which converge on the general hypothesis that circadian timing systems consist of multiple circadian oscillators, coordinated by both hierarchic...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(86)90005-9
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At present there is no direct brain measure of basic emotional dynamics from the human brain. EEG provides non-invasive approaches for monitoring brain electrical activity to emotional stimuli. Event-related desynchronization/synchronization (ERD/ERS) analysis, based on power shifts in specific frequency bands, has so...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.05.001
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Currently available techniques used in neurosciences and particularly cerebral imaging are contributing to a better understanding of human perception and the treatment of sensorial information. In this field, the chemical senses (taste and smell) have received little attention when compared with the auditory, visual a...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00005-7
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MDMA ("ecstasy") is widely used as a recreational drug, although there has been some debate about its neurotoxic effects in humans. However, most studies have investigated subjects with heavy use patterns, and the effects of transient MDMA use are unclear. In this review, we therefore focus on subjects with moderate u...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.12.010
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:There is a presumption that neurocognition is commonly impaired in chronic methadone exposed individuals (CM) when compared with healthy controls (HP). Additionally, it remains unclear if short term (<1year) abstinence (AP) is associated with an altered cognitive profile when compared with CM. METHOD:A ra...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.11.008
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present article discusses the distribution of free radical processes in the central nervous system (CNS). Specifically, we discuss the involvement of oxyradicals in the normal metabolism of catecholamine. We also review some proposals related to the possible importance of these compounds in the development of neur...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(94)90001-9
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anatomical and functional studies show that the hypothalamus is at the junction of mechanisms involved in the exploratory appraisal phase of behaviour and mechanisms involved in the execution of specific consummatory acts. However, the hypothalamus is also a crucial link in endocrine regulation. In natural settings it...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(98)00018-9
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are approximately 75 species of American opossums (didelphids). Systematic behavioral research has been reported for only a small number of species, namely, Monodelphis domestica and Didelphis virginiana. Observational studies and field reports on several other didelphid species have also been published. The cur...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(96)00016-4
更新日期：1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Horseradish peroxidase, 13% Sigma Type VI, was administered iontophoretically to the lateral preoptic area (LPA) of male hooded rats. Animals were perfused intracardially on the following day and brains were removed and sliced in the coronal plane into 50 microns sections. Alternate sections were processed with DAB an...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(83)90042-8
更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is argued that both stimulus-response (S-R) and cognitive theories of learning and behaviour capture part of the truth, in that these terms involve two different types of process that are jointly responsible for the control of behaviour. The proposal that both processes coexist is investigated in the context of the...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(97)00022-5
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neural models of anatomical and functional alterations have been proposed for bipolar disorders (BD). However, studies in affected patients do not allow disentangling alterations linked to the liability to BD from those associated with the evolution, medication and comorbidities of BD. Explorations in high risk subjec...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2015.08.015
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A hypothesis, and supporting evidence, is presented for the sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS). Our model is as follows. Fetal hemoglobin levels are abnormally elevated in SIDS infants, which contributes to a state of chronic hypoxia. Chronic hypoxia produces pronounced depressive effects on the respiratory system du...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(05)80014-4
更新日期：1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine hypotheses of several psychiatric disorders are based upon the clinical benefits of drugs affecting dopamine transporter or receptors, and have prompted intensive candidate gene research within the dopaminergic system during the last two decades. The aim of this review is to survey the most important findings...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2011.04.002
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we present a meta-analysis of studies that examined the reaction times (RT) of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI) on decision tasks carried out under time pressure. To detect the presence of global components in the data describing the slowing of TBI patients, we used predictions of the difference engine ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.08.013
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dopamine (DA) receptor supersensitivity refers to the phenomenon of an enhanced physiological, behavioral or biochemical response to a DA agonist. Literature related to ontogenetic aspects of this process was reviewed. Neonatal 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) destruction of rat brain DA neurons produces overt sensitization...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(94)00019-w
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Reading ability is a complex task requiring the integration of multiple cognitive and perceptual systems supporting language, visual and orthographic processes, working memory, attention, motor movements, and higher-level comprehension and cognition. Estimates of genetic and environmental influences for some of these ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.11.016
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Depression is a common and disabling psychiatric disorder with a complex etiology, which includes predisposing risk genes and environmental stressors. Variation in the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) gene, the Val158Met polymorphism in particular, has been extensively investigated in relation to clinical phenotype...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2013.06.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Defense patterns of rats and mice have been characterized in terms of the relationships between the type of defensive behavior (e.g. flight, freezing, hiding, defensive threat/attack, and risk assessment) and particular features of the eliciting (threat) stimulus and the situation in which it is encountered. Because t...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00056-2
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of adding 0.125% saccharin to 3% or 32% solutions of Polycose, sucrose and glucose on the fluid intake and preference of adult female rats was examined. In Experiment 1, the rats consumed more of a 3% Polycose + 0.125% saccharin solution (P + s) than of either a 3% Polycose or 0.125% saccharin solution; sim...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(87)80030-1
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Children and adolescents with conduct disorder (CD) show repetitive and persistent patterns of aggressive behaviour and the more severe forms are often associated with callous-unemotional (CU) traits. OBJECTIVES:To systematically review and, where data are adequate, conduct meta-analyses on the efficacy of ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2017.01.024
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The startle reflex is elicited by intense tactile, acoustic or vestibular stimuli. Fast mechanoreceptors in each modality can respond to skin or head displacement. In each modality, stimulation of cranial nerves or primary sensory nuclei evokes startle-like responses. The most sensitive sites in rats are found in the ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00057-4
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:If a segment of a line differs in luminance or color from the rest of the line, three illusory phenomena may be perceived: a reduction in contrast of the line segment relative to the background, subjective contours running perpendicularly to the ends of the line segment, and spread of color or brightness surrounding t...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(89)80047-8
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cortico-reticular theory of absence epilepsy explains the origin of the bilateral generalized spike-wave discharges (SWDs) characterizing absence seizures via a subcortical pacemaker that is responsible for both normal sleep spindles and pathological SWDs. This pacemaker is the reticular thalamic nucleus (RTN); it...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2006.03.002
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Our recent studies on seizure-triggering mechanisms in the kindling model of epilepsy are reviewed. Electroencephalographic (EEG) events during kindling-inducing tetanic stimulation from the site of stimulation were recorded, with an emphasis on EEG suppression and rhythmic synchronous discharge. From electrophysiolog...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To summarize all current studies focusing on blood biomarkers in paediatric mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and to outline the possible use of blood biomarkers for diagnostic, prognostic and monitoring purposes within this setting. METHODS:A systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was conducted ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2018.02.006
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clinical and pre-clinical evidence has implicated neuregulin 1 (NRG1) as a critical component in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. However, the arrival of the genome-wide association study (GWAS) era has yielded results that challenge the relevance of NRG1 in schizophrenia due to the absence of a genome-wide signi...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.neubiorev.2016.06.001
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present paper reviews a series of experiments aimed at elucidating the interaction between specific dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) receptors in the mediation of extrapyramidal motor functions in the rat. There is strong evidence to suggest that (1) the catalepsy produced by dopamine D1 or D2 receptor...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(95)00057-7
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epidemiological research has emphasized that adolescence is associated with some temperamental and behavioral traits that are typical of this age and that might substantially contribute to both psychological and psychobiological vulnerability. The contribution of the important developmental rearrangements in neurobiol...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(03)00006-x
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Preclinical models of behavioral and toxic effects of cocaine are reviewed and their potential for predicting compounds with efficacy and safety in the medical management of cocaine abuse and toxicity is assessed. Many of the existing models appear to be good predictors of the effects of compounds against specific beh...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/0149-7634(94)90042-6
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The isomorphism of dorsal periaqueductal gray-evoked defensive behaviors and panic attacks was appraised in the present study. Thresholds of electrically induced immobility, trotting, galloping, jumping, exophthalmus, micturition and defecation were recorded before and after acute injections of anxiolytic, anxiogenic ...
journal_title：Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-7634(01)00060-4
更新日期：2001-12-01 00:00:00
