The effect of nutrient stress on developmental instability in leaves of Acer platanoides (Aceraceae) and Betula pendula (Betulaceae).

abstract：:The phylogenetic structure of ferns (= monilophytes) is explored here, with a special focus on the early divergences among leptosporangiate lineages. Despite considerable progress in our understanding of fern relationships, a rigorous and comprehensive analysis of the early leptosporangiate divergences was lacking. Th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Pryer KM,Schuettpelz E,Wolf PG,Schneider H,Smith AR,Cranfill R

更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:The perennial feather moss Hylocomium splendens is one of the most widely distributed and common bryophytes in the Northern Hemisphere and has, because of its capacity to grow under a wide range of environmental conditions, been used as a biomonitor for atmospheric metal deposition in Europe. METH...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Vik U,Halvorsen R,Ohlson M,Rydgren K,Carlsen T,Korpelainen H,Kauserud H

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gelatinous fibers (G-fibers) are the active component of tension wood. G-fibers are unlike traditional fiber cells in that they possess a thick, nonlignified gelatinous layer (G-layer) internal to the normal secondary cell wall layers. For the past several decades, the G-layer has generally been presumed to be compose...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Bowling AJ,Vaughn KC

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:We developed simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers from expressed sequence tags (ESTs) for Callitris columellaris sensu lato (s.l.) to elucidate population genetic structure and detect outlier loci by genome scan. METHODS AND RESULTS:mRNA from an individual seedling was subjected to cDNA synthesis ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sakaguchi S,Uchiyama K,Ueno S,Ujino-Ihara T,Tsumura Y,Prior LD,Bowman DM,Crisp MD,Isagi Y

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Temporal and demographic aspects of the growth of Botrychium gallicomontanum and B. mormo were studied for 2 yr. A total of 219 B. gallicomontanum and 412 B. mormo plants were monitored in a prairie and maple-basswood forest, respectively. Growth events were divided into four stages: leaf emergence, leaf separation, s...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Johnson-Groh CL,Lee JM

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolutionary relationships among representatives of Apiaceae (Umbelliferae) subfamily Apioideae have been inferred from phylogenetic analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS 1 and ITS 2) and plastid rpoC1 intron sequences. High levels of nucleotide sequence variation preclude the use of the I...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Downie S,Ramanath S,Katz-Downie D,Llanas E

更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many characteristics of plants and animals scale with body size as described by allometric equations of the form Y = βM(α), where Y is an attribute of the organism, β is a coefficient that varies with attribute, M is a measure of organism size, and α is another constant, the scaling exponent. In current models, the fr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Koontz TL,Petroff A,West GB,Brown JH

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Polyploid speciation has been important in plant evolution. However, the conditions that favor the origination and persistence of polyploids are still not well understood. Here, we examine origins of 16 polyploid species in Mentzelia section Trachyphytum. • METHODS:We used phylogeny r...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Brokaw JM,Hufford L

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biogeographical studies of lichens used to be complicated because of the large distribution ranges of many species. Molecular systematics has revitalized lichen biogeography by improving species delimitation and providing better information about species range limitations. This study focuses on the major clade of trop...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Divakar PK,Lumbsch HT,Ferencova Z,Del Prado R,Crespo A

更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study shows that structural data, when carefully examined, can provide valuable characters for delimiting monophyletic groups and can complement DNA with observable features to recognize and circumscribe taxa. In the angiosperm order Apiales, traditional classification has relied heavily (often exclusively) on fr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Liu MR,Plunkett GM,Lowry PP 2nd,Wyk BE,Tilney PM

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:The cosmopolitan and ecologically important grass subfamily Aristidoideae comprises the widely distributed genus Aristida (250-290 species), Stipagrostis (50 species, with an African-Asian distribution), and Sartidia (five species, Africa and Madagascar). The subfamily includes species with C(3) (Sartidia and a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Cerros-Tlatilpa R,Columbus JT,Barker NP

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Hyperaccumulation of heavy metals in plants has never been documented from Central America or Mexico. Psychotria grandis, P. costivenia, and P. glomerata (Rubiaceae) have been reported to hyperaccumulate nickel in the Greater Antilles, but they also occur widely across the neotropics. The goals of this research...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： McCartha GL,Taylor CM,van der Ent A,Echevarria G,Navarrete Gutiérrez DM,Pollard AJ

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellite loci were developed from Imperata cylindrica, a traditional medicinal herb in Asia and among the top 10 worst invasive weeds in the world, to aid in the identification of the limits of asexual clonal individuals. METHODS AND RESULTS:A total of 21 microsatellite markers, including 18...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Chiang YC,Tsai CC,Hsu TW,Chou CH

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phylogenetic analyses of Meliaceae, including representatives of all four currently recognized subfamilies and all but two tribes (32 genera and 35 species, respectively), were carried out using DNA sequence data from three regions: plastid genes rbcL, matK (partial), and nuclear 26S rDNA (partial). Individual and com...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Muellner AN,Samuel R,Johnson SA,Cheek M,Pennington TD,Chase MW

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Identifying recently diverged taxa can be useful for studying the process of speciation. Ipomoea lacunosa and I. cordatotriloba, along with a putative homoploid hybrid, I. ×leucantha, are closely related taxa, which are promising for investigating the early stages of speciation. The objectives of t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Duncan TM,Rausher MD

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Astragalus sect. Humillimi is distributed across the southwestern United States and contains two endangered taxa, A. cremnophylax var. cremnophylax and A. humillimus. The former was originally described from the South Rim of the Grand Canyon. Analysis of individuals discovered on the North Rim of t...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Massatti R,Belus MT,Dowlatshahi S,Allan GJ

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:The genus Arisaema (Araceae) has rapidly diversified in Japan, and multiple species often coexist in the field. Although Japanese Arisaema species hybridize from artificial crossing, hybrid individuals are rare in mixed populations; suggesting the presence of effective pre-pollination barriers. We examined the ...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Matsumoto TK,Miyazaki Y,Sueyoshi M,Senda Y,Yamada K,Hirobe M

更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Microsatellites were developed for the native, perennial herbs Houstonia longifolia and H. purpurea to establish rates and patterns of hybridization among these and other closely related lineages within the genus. METHODS AND RESULTS:Seven primer sets were developed and tested using populations ac...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Glennon KL,Church SA

更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In contrast to most angiosperms, in which fertilization occurs 1 or 2 days after pollination, in some plant orders, including the Fagales, fertilization is delayed from 4 days to more than 1 year, raising questions regarding why fertilization is delayed and where and how pollen tubes remain in the pistil during the de...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Sogo A,Tobe H

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Elucidating the factors that determine the abundance and distribution of species remains a central goal of ecology. It is well recognized that genetic differences among individual species can affect the distribution and species interactions of dependent taxa, but the ecological effects of genetic d...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Adams RI,Goldberry S,Whitham TG,Zinkgraf MS,Dirzo R

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Understanding plant hydraulic functioning and water balance during drought has become key in predicting species survival and recovery. However, there are few insightful studies that couple physiological and morphological attributes for many ecosystems, such as the vulnerable Tropical Montane Cloud Forests (TMCF...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Berry ZC,Espejel X,Williams-Linera G,Asbjornsen H

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several alpine species have outlying populations in the lowlands and lower mountains north of the Alps. These small, isolated populations are usually described as either (1) glacial relics, (2) descendants from populations living on forelands and moraines during the ice ages, or (3) populations founded by long-distanc...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Lutz E,Schneller JJ,Holderegger R

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED: PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Taxonomic groups have often been recognized on the basis of geographic distinctions rather than accurately representing evolutionary relationships. This has been particularly true for temperate and tropical members from the same family. Polygonaceae exemplifies this problem, wherein th...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burke JM,Sanchez A,Kron K,Luckow M

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Large genera provide remarkable opportunities to investigate patterns of morphological evolution and historical biogeography in plants. A molecular phylogeny of the species-rich and morphologically and ecologically diverse genus Mimosa was generated to evaluate its infrageneric classification, reco...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Simon MF,Grether R,de Queiroz LP,Särkinen TE,Dutra VF,Hughes CE

更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The temperature dependence of freezing-induced xylem cavitation was studied in a Chihuahuan desert population of Larrea tridentata (Zygophyllaceae). Field measurements of wood temperature and xylem embolism were combined with anatomical studies and laboratory measurements of embolism in stem and root samples frozen un...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Martínez-Vilalta J,Pockman WT

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:During the crown-building phase, the mechanical architecture of the trunk of Aralia spinosa exhibits considerable ontogenetic variation. All trunks were tapered along their length, and taper was dependent on both ramet size and age; older, larger trunks were more tapered than younger, smaller trunks. Trunk specific gr...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Briand CH,Campion SM,Dzambo DA,Wilson KA

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ontogenetic changes in architecture, carbohydrate reserves, and resource allocation can constrain the ability of plants to compensate for herbivore damage. To evaluate ontogenetic changes in compensation, saplings and reproductive individuals of the tropical tree Casearia nitida were subjected to three levels of defol...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Boege K

更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE OF THE STUDY:Geographic patterns of biodiversity have long inspired interest in processes that shape the assembly, diversity, and dynamics of communities at different spatial scales. To study mechanisms of community assembly, ecologists often compare spatial variation in community composition (beta-diversity) a...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Burkle LA,Myers JA,Belote RT

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PREMISE:Within closed-canopy forests, vertical gradients of light and atmospheric CO2 drive variations in leaf carbon isotope ratios, leaf mass per area (LMA), and the micromorphology of leaf epidermal cells. Variations in traits observed in preserved or fossilized leaves could enable inferences of past forest canopy c...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Cheesman AW,Duff H,Hill K,Cernusak LA,McInerney FA

更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:• Premise of the study: Tropical forests are the most species-rich terrestrial communities on Earth, and understory trees and shrubs comprise a large fraction of their plant species diversity, especially at high rainfalls. The mechanisms responsible for generating such high levels of diversity remain unknown. One hypo...

journal_title：American journal of botany

authors： Theim TJ,Shirk RY,Givnish TJ

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00