Abstract:
:Although epinephrine stimulates insulin release by activation of beta-adrenergic receptors, its dominant effect (mediated by stimulation of alpha-adrenergic receptors) is an inhibition of insulin secretion that is powerful enough to suppress the secretory activity of insulin's most potent stimulants. The insulin-secretory response to potassium chloride (KCl) infusion, however, is not suppressed; in fact, in ureter-ligated dogs simultaneously infused with 360 microgram. epinephrine per hour and 2 mEq. KCl per kilogram per hour, insulin release is actually increased about threefold (over controls). Propranolol blockade of beta-adrenergic receptors essentially abolishes the insulin response to KCl infusion, with and without epinephrine. It is unlikely that KCl, like epinephrine, provokes insulin release by direct stimulation of the beta-adrenergic receptors of the beta cells of the pancreatic islets. However, potassium in some way enhances the beta adrenergic (secretory) activity of epinephrine and blunts its usually dominant alpha-adrenergic (inhibitory) effect.
journal_name
Diabetesjournal_title
Diabetesauthors
Hiatt N,Davidson MB,Chapman LW,Sheinkopf JAdoi
10.2337/diab.27.5.550subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1978-05-01 00:00:00pages
550-3issue
5eissn
0012-1797issn
1939-327Xjournal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
DIABETES文献大全abstract::Subjects with low serum HDL cholesterol levels are reported to be susceptible to diabetes, with insulin resistance believed to be the underlying pathological mechanism. Apolipoprotein M (apoM) is a carrier of sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a multifunctional lipid mediator, on HDL, and the pleiotropic effects of HDL ar...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db19-0811
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from a T cell-mediated destruction of pancreatic β-cells following the infiltration of leukocytes (including CD8(+), CD4(+), and CD20(+) cells) into and around pancreatic islets (insulitis). Recently, we reported that two distinct patterns of insulitis occur in patients with recent-onset ...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db15-1615
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription factor regulatory factor X (RFX)-3 regulates the expression of genes required for the growth and function of cilia. We show here that mouse RFX3 is expressed in developing and mature pancreatic endocrine cells during embryogenesis and in adults. RFX3 expression already is evident in early Ngn3-positi...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-1187
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that the hemodynamic derangements present in diabetic ketoacidosis are the results not only of profound volume depletion but also of the effects of increased production of vasodilating prostaglandins (PGs), principally PGI2, released by adipose tissue. In animal and in vitro models, prostaglandin...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2337/diab.45.5.602
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islets from male B10.BR mice (H-2k) were isolated by the collagenase technique, handpicked with a Pasteur pipette, and incubated (either intact or after dispersion with Dispase) for 0, 3, 5, 7, 10, or 14 days in tissue culture medium supplemented with either lymphokine supernatants or recombinant murine interferon-gam...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.35.10.1174
更新日期:1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Leptin released from adipocytes plays a key role in the control of food intake, energy balance, and glucose homeostasis. In addition to its central action, leptin directly affects pancreatic beta-cells, inhibiting insulin secretion, and, thus, modulating glucose homeostasis. However, despite the importance of...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db08-1787
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin is a short-lived species in the circulatory system. After binding to its receptor sites and transmission of its biological signals, bound insulin undergoes receptor-mediated endocytosis and consequent degradation. An inactive insulin derivative that is not recognized by the receptor has a longer circulation li...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.7.1437
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bcl-2 mRNA expression was detected in rat blastocysts by in situ hybridization. The distribution of mRNA expression was rather heterogenous, with approximately 2% of high-expressing cells. In vitro exposure to 28 mmol/l D-glucose for 24 h resulted in a significant increase in the proportion of these cells compared wit...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.50.1.143
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effect of inhibition of gluconeogenesis on liver glycogen stores in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) after a 3-day fast, 10% ethanol (EtOH) was administered intravenously to nine obese patients with NIDDM and six obese nondiabetic subjects. Rates of glucose appearance (3-[...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.43.2.256
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The significance of the portohepatic glucosensors for counterregulation in deep hypoglycemia (i.e., glycemia < 2.8 mM) was studied in chronically cannulated male mongrel dogs in the conscious state. A total of 16 experiments were carried out on 6 dogs using the liver clamp technique under hyperinsulinemic conditions (...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.43.8.1052
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of the present study was to evaluate and cor-relate islet to brown and white adipose tissue (WAT) blood perfusion in one obese rat and one nonobese rat with type 2 diabetes (obese Zucker [OZ] and GK rats, respectively). We measured blood perfusion with a microsphere technique in anesthetized animals and subseq...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.54.9.2620
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation is a promising treatment for type 1 diabetes. However, islet grafts are submitted to multiple injuries, including immunosuppressive drug toxicity, hyperglycemia, hypoxia, unspecific inflammatory reactions, as well as allo- and autoimmune destruction. Therapeutic approaches to these damage mechani...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.51.3.557
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to test two assumptions critical for use of [2-14C]acetate to measure gluconeogenesis in vivo. For the assumption that incorporation into glucose of products of [14C]acetate metabolism does not affect the distribution of label within the glucose molecule, we infused [2-14C]acetate in 17 healt...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.42.5.732
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type 1 diabetes (T1D) results from T cell-mediated destruction of insulin-producing β-cells. Insulin represents a key self-antigen in disease pathogenesis, as recent studies identified proinsulin-responding T cells from inflamed pancreatic islets of organ donors with recent-onset T1D. These cells respond to an insulin...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db17-0666
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We recently showed that leptin has powerful central nervous system (CNS)-mediated antidiabetic and cardiovascular actions. This study tested whether the CNS melanocortin system mediates these actions of leptin in diabetic rats. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:A cannula was placed in the lateral ventricle of Spra...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db08-1221
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent evidence highlights the therapeutic potential of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-δ (PPARδ) agonists to increase insulin sensitivity in diabetes. However, the role of PPARδ in regulating vascular function is incompletely characterized. We investigate whether PPARδ activation improves endothelial funct...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db12-0117
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To examine the impact of diabetes and its treatment on plasma free-fatty acid (FFA) and oxidative fuel metabolism during hypoglycemia, we combined indirect calorimetry with [3-3H]glucose during a 4-h low-dose insulin infusion (plasma insulin approximately 2-fold above basal) in six poorly controlled and nine well-cont...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.39.2.134
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Triglycerides in the beta-cell may be important for stimulus-secretion coupling, through provision of a lipid-derived signal, and for pathogenetic events in NIDDM, where lipids may adversely affect beta-cell function. In adipose tissues, hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL) is rate-limiting in triglyceride hydrolysis. Here,...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.48.1.228
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To define the mechanisms involved in the evolution of diabetes in the Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rat, beta-cell mass and replication rates were determined by immunochemistry, point-counting morphometry, and 6-h 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation. The beta-cell mass in 5- to 7-week-old prediabetic ZDF rats (...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.47.3.358
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) often coexist and as such represent a potent risk factor for subsequent development of type 2 diabetes. beta-Cell mass is approximately 50% deficient in IFG and approximately 65% deficient in type 2 diabetes. To establish the effect of a approximately...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db06-0345
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a genomewide linkage analysis of a large consanguineous family segregating autosomal recessively inherited neonatal diabetes and the identification of a novel neonatal diabetes locus. Neonatal diabetes was characterized by low levels of circulating C-peptide with very low to undetectable levels of insulin in...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diabetes.52.10.2636
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::RIN-m cells, cultured from a rat insulinoma, not only bind and secrete but also degrade insulin (Diabetes 1982; 31:521-31). The insulin-degrading activity resides in the cytosol and is similar to the insulin-specific proteases previously described in muscle and other tissues. It has an apparent Km of 0.15 microM for p...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.34.2.121
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are a group of signaling molecules that belong to the TGF-β superfamily. Initially discovered for their ability to induce bone formation, BMPs are known to play a diverse and critical array of biological roles. We here focus on recent evidence showing that BMP4 is an important regula...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db20-0884
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The molecular and cellular level reaches of the metabolic dysregulations that characterize diabetes are yet to be fully discovered. As mechanisms underlying management of reactive oxygen species (ROS) gain interest as crucial factors in cell integrity, questions arise about the role of redox cues in the regulation and...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db18-0232
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extensive investigations of the solubility and fluorescence of collagen fibers in diabetes have revealed that there are significant changes in their physical properties. These changes are associated with increased cross-link formation. We used X-ray diffraction to study these changes in human extensor tendons at a mol...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.40.3.391
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO), one of a family of fatty acid oxidoreductase enzymes, reacts with polyenoic fatty acids to produce proinflammatory lipids. 12/15-LO is expressed in macrophages and pancreatic beta-cells. It enhances interleukin 12 production by macrophages, and several of its products induce apo...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db07-0830
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Macrophages play an important role in the pathogenesis of insulin resistance via the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Our goal is to decipher the molecular linkage between proinflammatory cytokine production and insulin resistance in macrophages. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS:We determined cytokine pro...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db09-0232
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Islet transplantation is a potential treatment for type 1 diabetes, but the shortage of donor organs limits its routine application. As potential donor animals, we generated transgenic pigs expressing LEA29Y, a high-affinity variant of the T-cell costimulation inhibitor CTLA-4Ig, under the control of the porcine insul...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-1325
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin requirements for meals were measured in eight insulin-dependent diabetic patients, using a closed-loop insulin infusion system. Patients required more insulin for breakfast than for an isocaloric lunch (35.7 +/- 5.5 mU/kcal/3 h versus 26.9 +/- 5.1 mU/kcal/3 h, P less than 0.02) or an isocaloric supper (35.7 +/...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2337/diab.33.3.266
更新日期:1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Recent work has shown that insulin stimulates its own secretion in insulin-sensitive humans, suggesting that insulin resistance in the β-cell could cause β-cell dysfunction. We have tested whether insulin exposure and insulin sensitivity modulate β-cell function in subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT)...
journal_title:Diabetes
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.2337/db11-0827
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00