Abstract：
:Penetrating ballistic brain injury involves a leading shockwave producing a temporary cavity causing substantial secondary injury. In response to the prevalence of this type of brain trauma in the military, a rat model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) was established. This study focuses on cerebral physiological responses resulting from a PBBI, specifically the immediate and delayed changes in intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP). ICP/CPP was measured continuously in rats subjected to PBBI, probe insertion alone, or sham injury. Immediately following the PBBI, a transient (<0.1 sec) and dramatic elevation of ICP reaching 280.0 ± 86.0 mm Hg occurred, accompanied by a profound decrease in CPP to -180.2 ± 90.1 mm Hg. This emergent ICP/CPP response resolved spontaneously within seconds, but was followed by a slowly-developing and sustained secondary phase, which peaked at 24 h post-injury, reaching 37.2 ± 10.4 mm Hg, and remained elevated until 72 h post-injury. The measured decrease in CPP reached 85.3 ± 17.2 mm Hg at 3 h post-injury. By comparison, probe insertion alone did not produce the immediate ICP crisis (28.6 ± 9.1 mm Hg), and only a mild and sustained increase in ICP (13.5 ± 2.1 mm Hg) was observed in the following 3 h post-injury. Injury severity, as measured by lesion volume, brain swelling, and neurological deficits at 1, 3, and 7 days post-injury, also reflected the distinctive differences between the dynamics of the PBBI versus controls. These results not only reinforced the severe nature of this model in mimicking the ballistic effect of PBBI, but also established cerebral pathophysiological targets for neuroprotective therapies.
journal_name
J Neurotraumajournal_title
Journal of neurotraumaauthors
Wei G,Lu XC,Yang X,Tortella FCdoi
10.1089/neu.2010.1378subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-09-01 00:00:00pages
1635-41issue
9eissn
0897-7151issn
1557-9042journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Central nervous system (CNS) axons recover poorly following injury because of the expression of myelin-derived inhibitors of axonal outgrowth such as Nogo, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG), and oligodendrocyte-myelin glycoprotein (OMgp), all of which bind to the Nogo-66 receptor 1 (NgR1). Herein we examine the rol...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2012.2493
更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensorimotor recovery after spinal cord injury (SCI) is of utmost importance to injured individuals and will rely on improved understanding of SCI pathology and recovery. Novel transgenic mouse lines facilitate discovery, but must be understood to be effective. The purpose of this study was to characterize the sensory...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2017.5395
更新日期：2018-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The effectiveness of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage in lowering high intracranial pressure (ICP) is well established in severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recently, however, the use of external ventricular drains (EVDs) and ICP monitors in TBI has come under question. The aim of this retrospective study was to i...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2016.4912
更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:There is an urgent need for both the scientific development and clinical validation of novel therapies for acute spinal cord injury (SCI). The scientific development of novel therapies would be facilitated by a better understanding of the acute pathophysiology of human SCI. Clinical validation of such therapies would ...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2009.1080
更新日期：2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The potential pathophysiological role of circulating microparticles (MPs) has been recognized in various conditions, such as cardiovascular and thrombotic diseases. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) has a complex pathophysiology that involves coagulopathy and inflammation. We investigated endothelial-, platelet-, and leuko...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2013.3168
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persistent pain is experienced by more than 50% of persons who sustain a traumatic brain injury (TBI), and more than 30% experience significant pain as early as 6 weeks after injury. Although neuropathic pain is a common consequence after CNS injuries, little attention has been given to neuropathic pain symptoms after...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2015.4098
更新日期：2016-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been demonstrated that ethanol exerts dose-dependent effects, both beneficial and detrimental, on the outcome of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Recently, it has been reported that co-administration of caffeine (10 mg/kg) and a low amount of alcohol (0.65 g/kg; caffeinol) reduces cortical infarct volume up to 80%...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2004.21.1573
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Outcome following traumatic brain injury (TBI) is not only dependent on the nature and severity of injury and subsequent treatment, but also on constituent characteristics of injured individuals. We aimed to describe and quantify the relationship between demographic characteristics and six month outcome assessed by th...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2006.0028
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of injuries in restrained victims of motor vehicle crashes (MVCs) remains an issue of debate. We investigated the association of peripheral nerve injuries with the use of protective devices (seat belt and air bag) during MVCs. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 384,539 adult MVC victims who were ...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2013.3281
更新日期：2014-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Head contact-induced loads can result in skull fractures and/or brain injuries. While skull fractures have been produced from post-mortem human cadaver surrogates (PMHS), injury probability curves describing their structural responses have not been developed. The objectives of this study were to develop skull fracture...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2017.5356
更新日期：2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Information on the nature of deficits and adaptive mechanisms occurring after spinal cord injury is essential to the design of strategies for promoting functional recovery. Motor impairments and compensations were quantified by three-dimensional kinematic analysis in freely walking rats, 6 months after mild cervical (...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2005.22.544
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prevention of the immediate excitotoxic phase occurring in response to spinal cord injury (SCI) is a major issue to reduce the neuronal damage responsible for any ensuing motor deficits. The present study evaluated the neuroprotective efficacy of three noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonists: Gacyclidine (GK-11), a n...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2000.17.1079
更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Controlled cortical impact (CCI) is a contemporary model of experimental cerebral contusion. We examined the cerebrovascular and neuropathologic effects of a severe CCI in rats. The utility of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the assessment of contusion volume after severe CCI was also established. Severe CCI (3.0...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.1995.12.1015
更新日期：1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies have shown reduced life expectancy following moderate-severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) with death from unintentional poisoning (UP) being 11 times higher following TBI than in the general population. The characteristics of those who die of unintentional poisoning are compared with the characteristics of tho...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2020.7038
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the activation of lower limb motor pools by supraspinal and spinal networks after human spinal cord injury (SCI). We compared electromyographic (EMG) activity from six muscles during voluntarily attempted non-weight-bearing single-joint movements, multijoint movements approximating stepping in a supine...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/08977150260338010
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lectin pathway of the complement system has been implicated in secondary ischemic/inflammatory injury after traumatic brain injury (TBI). However, previous experimental studies have yielded conflicting results, and human studies are scarce. In this exploratory study, we investigated associations of several lectin ...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2016.4941
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Physician prescribed rest after traumatic brain injury (TBI) is both commonplace and an increasingly scrutinized approach to TBI treatment. Although this practice remains a standard of patient care for TBI, research of patient outcomes reveals little to no benefit of prescribed rest after TBI, and in some cases prolon...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2020.7389
更新日期：2021-01-20 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to define the relationships among clinical characteristics of chronic pain, injury characteristics, affective factors and autonomic dysreflexia (AD) in people with chronic cervical spinal cord injury (SCI). A survey containing questions concerning the presence of AD, demographic factors, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/089771504322778659
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Arginine-vasopressin (AVP) V1 receptors are known to mediate brain edema formation after traumatic brain injury (TBI). So far, however, AVP V1 receptors were only inhibited by genetic deletion or prior to trauma. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the therapeutic window of AVP V1 receptor antagonization a...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2016.4514
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fatalities or injuries following motorized and non-motorized vehicle accidents (MNMVA) are reported by police or health care systems. However, limited data exist for spinal injuries. Using an epidemiological database of road accidents occurring in a defined geographic area, we measured the incidence of major spinal tr...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2009.1197
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of endothelin (ET) in the pathophysiology of secondary neural damage after experimental spinal cord injury (SCI) was examined in a rat model of weight-drop contusion injury. Initial studies demonstrated a significant increase in spinal ET concentrations in a 7.5-mm segment of tissue (centered at the impact si...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.1996.13.93
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:. ...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2018.6059
更新日期：2018-08-04 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have shown that location and direction of injury may affect outcome in experimental models of traumatic brain injury. Significant variability in outcome data has also been noted in studies using the lateral fluid percussion brain injury model (FPI) in rats. In recent studies from our laboratory, we ob...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/089771501316919201
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The excessive generation of free radicals is thought to be one of the major mechanisms leading to tissue injury in various pathological conditions, including ischemia, inflammation, and trauma. Conversion of xanthine dehydrogenase (XDH) to xanthine oxidase (XO) contributes to the formation of superoxide, an oxygen rad...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.1991.8.11
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and disability in the United States, with children who sustain a TBI having a greater risk of developing long-lasting cognitive, behavioral, and motor function deficits. This has led to increased interest in utilizing large animal models to study pathophysiologi...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2019.6405
更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rat hippocampus is hypersensitive to secondary cerebral ischemia after mild traumatic brain injury (TBI). An unconfirmed assumption in previous studies of mild TBI followed by forebrain ischemia has been that antecedent TBI did not alter cerebral blood flow (CBF) dynamics in response to secondary ischemia. Using l...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.1998.15.615
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of Ca2+ in cellular injury has received particular attention in studies of acute spinal cord trauma. In this context, the spatial and temporal distribution of extracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]e) may have an important bearing on the development of secondary tissue injury. We therefore studied the spatial-temporal dis...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.1994.11.255
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the cortical motor excitability characteristics in diffuse axonal injury (DAI) due to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI). A variety of excitatory and inhibitory transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) paradigms were applied to primary motor cortices of 17 patients and 11 healthy contro...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2008.0859
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although mechanisms involved in progression of cell death in spinal cord injury (SCI) have been studied extensively, few are clear targets for translation to clinical application. One of the best-understood mechanisms of cell survival in SCI is phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and associated downstream signali...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2018.6294
更新日期：2019-09-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal cord injury (SCI) frequently results in chronic neuropathic pain (CNP). However, the understanding of brain neural circuits in CNP modulation is unclear. The present study examined the changes of ventral tegmental area (VTA) putative GABAergic and dopaminergic neuronal activity with CNP attenuation in rats. SCI...
journal_title：Journal of neurotrauma
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1089/neu.2017.5381
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
