Requirement of a unique Ca(2+)-binding loop for folding of Tk-subtilisin from a hyperthermophilic archaeon.

Abstract:

:Tk-subtilisin from the hyperthermophiolic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis matures from Pro-Tk-subtilisin upon autoprocessing and degradation of Tk-propeptide [Tanaka, S., Saito, K., Chon, H., Matsumura, H., Koga, Y., Takano, K., and Kanaya, S. (2007) J. Biol. Chem. 282, 8246-8255]. It requires Ca(2+) for folding and assumes a molten globule-like structure in the absence of Ca(2+) even in the presence of Tk-propeptide. Tk-subtilisin contains seven Ca(2+)-binding sites. Four of them (Ca2-Ca5) are located within a long loop, which mostly consists of a unique insertion sequence of this protein. To analyze the role of this Ca(2+)-binding loop, three mutant proteins, Deltaloop-Tk-subtilisin, DeltaCa2-Pro-S324A, and DeltaCa3-Pro-S324A, were constructed. These proteins were designed to remove the Ca(2+)-binding loop, Ca2 site, or Ca3 site of Pro-Tk-subtilisin or its active site mutant Pro-S324A. Far-UV CD spectra of these proteins refolded in the absence and presence of Ca(2+) indicated that Deltaloop-Tk-subtilisin completely lost the ability to fold into a native structure. In contrast, two other proteins retained this ability, although their refolding rates were greatly decreased compared to that of Pro-S324A. Determination of the crystal structures of these proteins purified in a Ca(2+)-bound form indicates that the structures of DeltaCa2-Pro-S324A and DeltaCa3-Pro-S324A are virtually identical to that of Pro-S324A, except that they lack the Ca2 and Ca3 sites, respectively, and the structure of the Ca(2+)-binding loop is destabilized. Nevertheless, these proteins were slightly more stable than Pro-S324A. These results suggest that the Ca(2+)-binding loop is required for folding of Tk-subtilisin but does not seriously contribute to the stabilization of Tk-subtilisin in a native structure.

journal_name

Biochemistry

journal_title

Biochemistry

authors

Takeuchi Y,Tanaka S,Matsumura H,Koga Y,Takano K,Kanaya S

doi

10.1021/bi901334b

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-11-10 00:00:00

pages

10637-43

issue

44

eissn

0006-2960

issn

1520-4995

journal_volume

48

pub_type

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