The pathophysiologic basis for epidemiologic trends in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

abstract：:A variety of infectious enteric pathogens (bacterial, viral, and protozoal) can lead to a systemic diarrheal illness in international travelers traveling from industrialized countries to developing areas of the world. Many of the agents that lead to this syndrome have been identified, and their mode of transmission ha...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Chak A,Banwell JG

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article has reviewed the morphologic features of BE and its complications of dysplasia and adenocarcinoma in routinely processed endoscopic biopsy and resection specimens. In addition, the problems related to the diagnosis of dysplasia in tissue samples have been analyzed, and the role of esophageal brush cytolog...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Antonioli DA,Wang HH

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:HCV in the East is a complex scenario with prevalence rates of 0.5% to as high as 4.7%, and variable distributions of genotypes, with a dominance of genotype 1b in East Asia, genotype 3 in South Asia and South East Asia, and genotype 6 in Indochina. Approvals for the new oral directing antiviral agents (DAAs), in the ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Dan YY,Lim SG

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The goal of antiviral treatment of chronic hepatitis B is to prevent the complications of cirrhosis, hepatic decompensation, HCC, and death. Because these clinical outcomes may take a long period of time to develop, it is important to use intermediate or surrogate end points to evaluate the efficacy and response to an...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Lee M,Keeffe EB

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutritional support can improve the outcome from severe acute pancreatitis in two ways: first by providing the building blocks for tissue repair and recovery, and second, by modulating the inflammatory response and preventing organ failure, both of which are responsible for most of the morbidity and mortality associat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： O'Keefe SJ,Sharma S

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The delivery of medical care is undeniably changing. Resources are becoming increasingly scarce, and the progressive rise of health care expenditures needs to be restrained. Although the field of outcomes assessment is not well understood, it is increasingly being applied to the practice of medicine. The underlying go...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Johanson JF

更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic pelvic pain is pain lasting longer than 6 months and is estimated to occur in 15% of women. Causes of pelvic pain include disorders of gynecologic, urologic, gastroenterologic, and musculoskeletal systems. The multidisciplinary nature of chronic pelvic pain may complicate diagnosis and treatment. Treatments va...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein SL

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's metaplasia develops in 6% to 14% of individuals with gastroesophageal reflux. Barrett's adenocarcinomas are increasing in epidemic proportions for, as yet unknown, reasons; approximately 0.5% to 1% of patients with Barrett's metaplasia develop adenocarcinoma. Heartburn duration and frequency (but not severit...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Reynolds JC,Waronker M,Pacquing MS,Yassin RR

更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Common disease states in gastroenterology are more effectively treated in an obese patient when weight loss is incorporated into the treatment plan. Strategies that seek to achieve weight loss improve outcomes in the treatment of hepatitis C, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and colorectal cancer, as examples. Pharm...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Keith JN

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gastroparesis is a heterogeneous disorder defined by delay in gastric emptying. Symptoms of gastroparesis are nonspecific, including nausea, vomiting, early satiety, bloating, and/or abdominal pain. Normal gastric motor function and sensory function depend on a complex coordination between the enteric and central nerv...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Nguyen LA,Snape WJ Jr

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endoscopy plays an important role in the diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic pancreatitis as well as pancreatic cancer. Sphincterotomy and stone removal in biliary pancreatitis, stone extraction and drainage in chronic pancreatitis, and stent implantation in pancreatic cancer are the predominant procedures. W...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Jakobs R,Riemann JF

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease both may occur in the elderly. In many populations, a second peak in the incidence of inflammatory bowel disease occurs near age 70. Clinical manifestations of inflammatory bowel disease in the elderly are generally similar to those seen in younger patients, although there is a t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Grimm IS,Friedman LS

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many mechanisms remain unclear, a large body of evidence indicates that several dietary and lifestyle factors are likely to have a major influence on the risk of colon cancer. Physical inactivity, excess body weight, and a central deposition of adiposity are consistent risk factors. Overconsumption of energy ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Giovannucci E

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Therapeutic gastrointestinal endoscopy has a much greater risk of inducing gastrointestinal hemorrhage than diagnostic endoscopy. For example, colonoscopic polypectomy has a risk of approximately 1.6% of inducing bleeding, compared with a risk of approximately 0.02% for diagnostic colonoscopy. Higher-risk procedures i...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cappell MS,Abdullah M

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A better definition of a pseudocyst that clearly separates it from acute fluid collection, improvements in imaging studies, and a better understanding of the natural history of pseudocysts have changed the concepts regarding their management. The old teaching that cysts of more than 6 cm in diameter that have been pre...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Pitchumoni CS,Agarwal N

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The intestinal immune system is intimately connected with the vast diversity of microbes present within the gut and the diversity of food components that are consumed daily. The discovery of novel molecular mechanisms, which mediate host-microbe-nutrient communication, have highlighted the important roles played by mi...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Smolinska S,Groeger D,O'Mahony L

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Overall, fecal markers have been found to be more accurate than serum markers. However, fecal markers are not specific for IBD and may be elevated in a range of organic conditions. Fecal calprotectin and lactoferrin can still differentiate inflammatory disease from functional bowel disorders. Comparison studies have f...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Abraham BP,Kane S

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Barrett's esophagus, currently defined as endoscopically apparent columnar metaplasia of the esophagus with histologic documentation of goblet cells, is the precursor to esophageal adenocarcinoma. However, not all patients with this disorder require intensive surveillance. Pathologic diagnosis and grading of dysplasia...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Hornick JL,Odze RD

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatic angiosarcoma is the second most common primary malignant neoplasm of the liver. Although comprising only 2 per cent of all hepatic primary tumors, it represents a major clinical problem because of its strong association with industrial vinyl chloride exposure and its incurability. Strict ceilings on the amount...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Weinman MD,Chopra S

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The evaluation and treatment of patients after operations on the foregut is a challenge for physicians and surgeons. The early postoperative period is an especially important interval because the very survival of the patient as well as the success of the surgical intervention depends on the correct interpretation of t...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Donahue PE

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Arguments proposed in this article may explain why a subgroup of patients, having so-called "functional heartburn," does not respond to acid inhibition therapy [19,20]. It is highly likely that acid is not the cause of heartburn in this group of subjects. These conclusions are supported further by observations of Wien...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Steinbach J,Fass R,Mittal RK

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This article focuses on preventing the initiation and promotion of neoplastic growth in colon cancer, particularly with dietary measures. A goal of dietary epidemiology is to identify chemopreventive agents and strategies. The effects of diet are analyzed by observational approaches and experimental dietary, nutrition...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Marshall JR

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment with a combination of radiation therapy and chemotherapy currently allows about 80 per cent of patients with epidermoid carcinomas of the anal canal to retain anorectal function, with about a 70 per cent likelihood of cure at 5 years. In these programs, radical surgery is reserved for the management of resid...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Cummings BJ

更新日期：1987-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:CD and UC represent a spectrum of chronic IBD that present in protean ways and are accompanied by a variety of systemic sequelae. Sulfasalazine and the newer 5-aminosalicylates are important in the management of mild-to-moderate disease, whereas corticosteroids remain the primary therapy for most patients with moderat...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Stein RB,Hanauer SB

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of Helicobacter pylori eradication treatment needs confirmation in patients with persistent symptoms and in those with complicated peptic ulcer. Endoscopic surveillance after eradication is needed in patients with advanced premalignant gastric lesions, previous early gastric cancer, gastric MALT lymphoma, a...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Kuipers EJ

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Numerous extraintestinal diseases have been associated with IBD. The role of the gastrointestinal tract in host response to the foreign antigens present in the gut makes the enteric immune system highly susceptible to any external perturbation to the system. Dysregulation of the enteric immune response results in path...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Su CG,Judge TA,Lichtenstein GR

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Current practice guidelines recommend annual fecal occult blood test screening for colorectal cancer in the average-risk population over the age of 50. Efficacy of fecal occult blood test screening is supported by several controlled prospective trials and case-control studies. Implementation of this recommendation, in...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Bond JH

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Topical therapy with amino salicylate enemas is the treatment of choice for proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, and left-sided ulcerative colitis. Adjunctive sulfasalazine therapy is often required. Relapse rates of 80 per cent can be expected within 3 months of discontinuing therapy. ...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Ginsberg AL

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenomatous polyps are the benign precursors of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Colonic adenomas occur commonly in adults in Western countries. There is recent evidence that inheritance may play an important role in the etiology of these adenomatous polyps. Colonic adenomatous polyposis (numerous colonic adenomas) is the c...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Burt RW,Samowitz WS

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pediatric pancreatitis is an emerging field with an increasing incidence of disease. Management of pediatric pancreatitis is understudied and, therefore, extrapolated from adult studies (although the etiologies are different). There is evidence that feeding is safe in mild acute pancreatitis in children without increa...

journal_title：Gastroenterology clinics of North America

authors： Abu-El-Haija M,Lowe ME

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00