Abstract:
:Severe sepsis with associated multisystem organ dysfunction is a leading cause of death in patients hospitalized in intensive care units. The gastrointestinal system plays a key role in the pathogenesis of multisystem organ dysfunction owing to a breakdown of intestinal barrier function and increased translocation of bacteria and bacterial components into the systemic circulation. During critical illness, alterations occur in gut microflora owing to several factors, including changes in circulating stress hormones, gut ischemia, immunosuppression, the use of antibiotics, and lack of nutrients. The importance of endogenous strains of probiotic bacteria such as Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus in maintaining intestinal barrier function and also in modulating mucosal and systemic immune responses is becoming evident from numerous studies. Bacteria in synbiotic (prebiotic and probiotic combinations) and probiotic (mutistrain combinations) preparations are being used experimentally in the treatment of acute pancreatitis, liver transplantation, and in trauma patients. Recent studies have shown treatment of patients with multiple trauma or acute pancreatitis with synbiotic preparations resulted in reduced rates of infection, sepsis, and mortality in patients. Enterally fed patients in the intensive care unit treated with a probiotic compound demonstrated enhanced immune function and decreased incidence of diarrhea. Results from these clinical trials are encouraging, and warrant further investigation to clarify which probiotic bacterial strains are of most benefit to this population.
journal_name
J Clin Gastroenteroljournal_title
Journal of clinical gastroenterologyauthors
Madsen Kdoi
10.1097/MCG.0b013e31817283cbsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-09-01 00:00:00pages
S116-8eissn
0192-0790issn
1539-2031journal_volume
42 Suppl 3 Pt 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Hyper-transaminasemia (HT) is a well-known laboratory sign of celiac disease (CD); however, hyper-creatine phosphokinase (CK)-emia (HCK) is not so familiar. As there are reported cases of myopathy associated CD in the literature, we aimed to investigate serum CK levels of children with CD. Newly diagnosed 126 children...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e31802cb87a
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is rarely reported in Taiwan. GOALS:To determine the prevalence and risk factors of NAFLD in an adult population of Taiwan. STUDY:The cross-sectional community study examined 3245 adults in a rural village of Taiwan. The diagnostic criteria for NAF...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-200609000-00016
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred outpatients with endoscopically verified duodenal ulcer were treated in a double-blind, randomized, multicenter trial with either low-dose antacid (AA, Supralox, 1 tablet three times a day 1 h a.c. and 2 tablets at bedtime, with acid binding capacity of 225 mEq) or misoprostol (MS, Cytotec, 400 micrograms ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1097/00004836-199112001-00025
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Image-guided percutaneous local and regional modalities are major treatments for hepatocellular carcinoma. Patients having better liver function and performance are usually eligible and can gain significant survival benefit, especially with more limited tumor burden. The most common local therapies are ethanol and rad...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e31828be6f0
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The efficacy of 6-mercaptopurine (6-MP) in the treatment and long-term maintenance of remission of inflammatory bowel disease and prevention of recurrence after resection in Crohn's disease have been established. Concern about 6-MP toxicity remains, especially the development of neoplasm. The aim of...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-200309000-00006
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 53-year-old white woman developed diabetes mellitus, migratory erythema, and anemia, clinical features suggesting the presence of a "glucagonoma." Ten years earlier, after laparotomy and pancreatic biopsy, she had been told that she had an inoperable pancreatic carcinoma. Review of that biopsy together with current ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-197909000-00005
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We identified spontaneous reactivation of hepatitis B virus (HBV) retrospectively by utilizing serum alanine aminotransferase and HBV DNA in 19 men (79% homosexual), with an estimated annual incidence of 7.3%. In 11 patients, spontaneous reactivation occurred as a single episode and in eight patients, reactivation was...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-199010000-00015
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The methods used to discern the structure (anatomy) and function (physiology) of the indigenous microbiota can be divided according to which aspect of the microbiota they can interrogate and are positioned accordingly. At the most basic level, methods can simply describe the community structure of the microbiota, that...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type:
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000001106
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lansoprazole is the first proton pump inhibitor developed in Japan. We studied the clinical efficacy of lansoprazole 30 mg q.d. on peptic ulcers and the subsequent relapse rates. The endoscopic healing rate of gastric ulcers (n = 86) after 8 weeks of treatment and duodenal ulcers (n = 52) after 6 weeks of treatment we...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-199506002-00022
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Budd-Chiari syndrome represents a spectrum of disorders characterized by obstruction to hepatic venous drainage. Originally described as an "obliterating endophlebitis of the hepatic veins," this condition has come to refer to the manifestations of hepatic venous outflow obstruction anywhere above the level of the hep...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/00004836-200003000-00007
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Hepatic ultrasound (US) is readily available and physicians usually trust the results of an US report suggesting fatty liver, but there are conflicting reports on its accuracy, especially in patients with chronic liver disease (CLD). Therefore, we retrospectively examined liver biopsies in patients with CLD ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000225680.45088.01
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple lymphomatous polyposis is very rare. We report two cases affecting duodenum, small intestine and colon/rectum, both with extensive disease, making radical surgery impossible and chemotherapy the treatment of choice. One patient died 23 days after initial treatment of myocardial infiltration, and the other is ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-199409000-00012
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forty-two patients underwent flexible sigmoidoscopy in the radiology department. After maximal insertion of the sigmoidoscope, a supine abdominal film documented the position of the tip of the instrument. Correlation with barium enema in all patients determined the extent of visualization of the colon relative to the ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-198208000-00009
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Meal period exclusion from 24-h pH testing allows better separation between controls and patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease. We reviewed the results of 24-h pH studies of 350 patients with reflux symptoms. They were divided into two groups based on the 95th percentile of the total percentage of time when pH...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-199707000-00003
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antacids have been used as remedies for benign gastroduodenal disorders for centuries. They were regarded to be effective in relieving gastric pain and symptoms of hyperacidity and in promoting ulcer healing. The effectiveness was based on empiric observations and was not derived from the controlled clinical trials da...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1097/00004836-199112001-00022
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gastrointestinal angiodysplasias (GIAD) are commonly diagnosed in the small bowel but can be located in other areas of the gastrointestinal tract. About half of patients diagnosed with GIAD have more than 1 lesion and 20% of patients have GIAD in both the small bowel and a source outside of the small bowel (...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000000836
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Nocturnal gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has been associated with severe complications including erosive esophagitis, peptic stricture, and even esophageal adenocarcinoma and is known to cause a decreased health-related quality of life. However, there is limited information on independent predictors ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318205e164
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined 2,253 consecutive dyspeptic patients referred to our endoscopy service by general practitioners ("open" group) and hospital clinicians ("clinic" group) to study the prevalence of the various endoscopic findings according to patient age and the route of endoscopic referral. The results obtained are represen...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glycosphingolipid (GSL) compositions of the human, rabbit, and rat gastric mucosa were studied and compared. In neutral GSLs, although GalCer was the most abundant component in every tissue examined, species-specific differences were clearly observed in their composition. Acidic GSLs were composed of sulfatides an...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large number of ascitic fluid tests, e.g., fibronectin and cholesterol, have been proposed as helpful in detecting malignancy as the cause of ascites. Unfortunately, these "humoral tests of malignancy" are nonspecific. Although the ascitic fluid concentrations of these proteins or protein-bound substances tend to be...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 社论,评审
doi:10.1097/00004836-199403000-00002
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The sensitivity and specificity of current antihuman tissue transglutaminase (tTG) IgA assays used to detect celiac disease reportedly approach 100%. In addition, the sensitivity of new generation deamidated gliadin peptide (alpha-DGP) antibody assays has also been reported to be similar to the tTG IgA assay...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e31816200e5
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Practitioners of endoscopy often experience musculoskeletal pain and injury (most often in the back, neck, shoulders, hands, wrists, and thumbs) that are associated with the minute and repetitive strain that is placed on these areas during endoscopic procedures. This review of the current documentation of endoscopy-re...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000000134
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Recently, an increasing interest to nonmotor symptoms of Parkinson disease (PD) has shown. Gastrointestinal dysfunction is a prominent nonmotor manifestation of PD and precedes motor symptoms for several years. Neuropathologic studies show early accumulation of α-synuclein (α-SYN) in Lewy neurites and Lewy...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000000606
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:GOALS:To describe the epidemiology and microbiologic characteristics of bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients receiving long-term total parenteral nutrition (TPN). BACKGROUND:Home TPN therapy has been reported as a risk factor for BSI. However, little knowledge exists regarding the epidemiology of BSIs in this pat...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/01.mcg.0000212606.13348.f7
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:GOALS:We aimed to ascertain whether waist circumference (WC) is associated with risk of colorectal neoplasia (CRN), independent of body mass index (BMI). BACKGROUND:Although several studies have reported the association between abdominal obesity, measured by WC, and CRN, it remains unclear whether their association is...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000001086
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective series of 284 upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopies, outcome was evaluated by a cost-benefit analysis. Two-thirds of the endoscopies had a negative result, or a diagnosis was found which was not worth the costs of the endoscopy. The overall diagnostic gain of 284 endoscopies, however, outweighed the...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-198204000-00003
更新日期:1982-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous erythromycin is a potent gastric prokinetic with demonstrated efficacy in the acute therapy of gastroparesis; long-term oral therapy has been limited by tolerance and modest efficacy. Our aim was to review our experience with prolonged administration of intravenous erythromycin in an ambulatory setting as ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/00004836-199903000-00009
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND GOAL:Peribiliary cysts, which are known to be associated with various hepatobiliary diseases including alcoholic liver disease, have been reported to originate in the peribiliary glands along the biliary tree. The causal relationship between the peribiliary cysts and alcohol-related hepatic and pancreati...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318299c8c1
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Portal hypertension, a consequence of end-stage liver disease and liver cirrhosis can lead to significant morbidity and mortality for patients through abnormal fluid accumulation as well as the formation of portosystemic shunts and varices. Treatment of the sequelae of portal hypertension can be achieved through endov...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1097/MCG.0000000000001180
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Guidelines for chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) management have recommended that a liver biopsy be repeated at 3-year intervals for HIV/HCV-coinfected patients and 5-year intervals for those with HCV monoinfection to assess fibrosis progression. However, it is unclear if patients are willing to repeat this pr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical gastroenterology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1097/MCG.0b013e318266fe70
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00