Abstract:
:Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), both hospital-acquired and community-acquired MRSA (CA-MRSA) strains, have increased in frequency in the last few years, reaching epidemic dimensions. This review discusses several clinical forms of staphylococcal infection leading to bacteraemia in a high proportion of cases. Staphylococcal (MRSA) bacteraemic pneumonia is predominantly seen in hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia, reaching a frequency of 8.4% of all bacteraemias, 30% of all nosocomial bacteraemias and 68% of all bacteraemias of patients hospitalised in Intensive Care Units. In patients with CA-MRSA pneumonia, the rate of bacteraemia is as high as 62%. Whereas in nosocomial bacteraemic pneumonia blood cultures become positive on the ninth day of pneumonia, in CA-MRSA bacteraemic pneumonia positive blood cultures appear early in the course of the infection. The pneumonia has a stormy course with the development of abscesses, empyema and extensive pulmonary damage. Vertebral osteomyelitis commonly occurs during intravenous catheter use, causing local thrombophlebitis that will seed to vertebral bodies and disks and may cause secondary sustained bacteraemia. Non-vertebral osteomyelitis is also on the increase, with a frequency that has doubled in recent years, mainly due to MRSA. Patients with haematological malignancies are particularly prone to this complication, usually following line infections. Epidural abscess is the most serious consequence of staphylococcal bacteraemia, leading to permanent neurological damage if not diagnosed early enough.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Rubinstein Edoi
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.06.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-11-01 00:00:00pages
S18-20eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
S0924-8579(08)00250-1journal_volume
32 Suppl 1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::A restrictive antibiotic policy banning routine use of ceftriaxone and ciprofloxacin was implemented in a 450-bed district general hospital following an educational campaign. Monthly consumption of nine antibiotics was monitored in defined daily doses (DDDs) per 1000 patient-occupied bed-days (1000 pt-bds) 9 months be...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.10.013
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of occurrence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of 18569 non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli consecutively collected as part of the SENTRY Antimicrobial Surveillance Program were summarized. The isolates were tested by the broth microdilution method in three coordinator laboratories using comm...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(03)00245-0
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of high-level efflux activity on the MICs of fluoroquinolones against Streptococcus pneumoniae in the absence of topoisomerase mutations leading to fluoroquinolones resistance was investigated. A S. pneumoniae ATCC 46619-derived strain with high-level efflux activity was obtained (SP-25A). Both the parent a...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.01.012
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to develop an in-vitro topical treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) effective against cysts and trophozoites. Qualitative assays were performed with voriconazole, chlorhexidine, propamidine, cellulase, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and paromomycin as monotherapy and various combinations. Rib...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.033
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While most Entamoeba histolytica appearing in male homosexuals infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is considered non-invasive in Western countries, and treatment of amebiasis in these persons has received very little attention, in Japan some male homosexual amebiasis patients infected with HIV complain of...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(96)00327-5
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controversy continues regarding whether the presence of meticillin resistance increases mortality risk in Staphylococcus aureus infections. In this study, we assessed the role of meticillin resistance in survival of patients with S. aureus infection included in the EPIC II point-prevalence study of infection in critic...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.05.013
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth of Staphylococcus aureus in the presence of salicylate leads to reduced ciprofloxacin and ethidium accumulation and increased resistance to ethidium. Salicylate induced reduction in ciprofloxacin accumulation is energy-independent while salicylate induced alterations in ethidium accumulation and efflux is proto...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(02)00162-0
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium diclofenac on the bioavailability of amoxicillin. In this randomised, crossover study with a 1-week washout period, 20 volunteers received a 2g oral dose of amoxicillin (Amoxil) (Group 1) or a 2g oral dose of amoxicillin with 100 mg of sodium diclofenac (Volta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.005
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nepeta cataria L., commonly known as catnip, is a perennial herb with a considerable folkloric reputation. A diethyl ether extract of this plant has been shown to have antimicrobial activity against fungi and Gram-positive bacteria. The aim of this work was to study the activity of N. cataria extract on 44 Staphylococ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00452-6
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifungal activity of posaconazole (SCH56592), a new triazole antifungal, against stock cultures and fresh clinical isolates of a wide range of pathogenic fungi was compared with that of itraconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Posaconazole inhibited growth of all the fungal species tested except Fusarium sp...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00363-6
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both zidovudine (ZDV) and stavudine (D4T) must be intracellularly converted to their respective active triphosphate anabolites (ZDV-TP and D4T-TP). It is hypothesized that the combination of ZDV and D4T may lead to altered formation of phosphorylated anabolites for either drug. The objective of this study was to inves...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(97)00041-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prolonged infusion (PI) of β-lactam antibiotics is increasingly used in order to optimise antibiotic exposure in critically ill patients. Physicians are often not aware of a number of subtleties that may jeopardise the treatment. In this clinically based paper, we stress pragmatic issues, such as the importance of a l...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.01.007
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-five years after its introduction, ceftazidime remains the most active cephalosporin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Nevertheless, resistance arises by upregulation of AmpC beta-lactamase, by efflux or, less often, via acquisition of additional beta-lactamases. Mutational resistance is especially prevalent amon...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.03.021
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies in our laboratory have shown that antiplatelet agents, aspirin and ticlopidine, in clinically relevant concentrations influence the development and treatment of experimental endocarditis. To study the influence of combination antiplatelet treatment on the development of aortic vegetations, infected an...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00092-2
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of the amino acid sequence in the C-terminal domain of penicillin-binding protein 5 (PBP5) and the levels of PBP5 expression to ampicillin resistance of Taiwan clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecium were studied. Sequence data revealed the existence of 12 amino acid sequence variants within the C-ter...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.07.027
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study evaluated the activity of colistin, rifampicin, imipenem and sulbactam/ampicillin alone or in combination against nine epidemic multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii isolates producing OXA-58 carbapenemase in Naples, Italy. The isolates were susceptible to colistin but differed in their resistance to ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.007
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::New treatments are urgently required for infections caused by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as these strains are often resistant to multiple conventional antibiotics. Earlier studies showed that ranalexin, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), in combination with lysostaphin, an antistaphylococcal endope...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.01.016
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bactericidal activity and resistance selectivity of garenoxacin against Streptococcus pneumoniae with mutations in ParC (S79F) or both GyrA (S81F) and ParC (D83Y and K137N) were investigated using in vitro pharmacokinetic models simulating plasma concentrations for a standard clinical regimen [400mg once daily (q....
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.09.021
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::As shown in a previous study, the outcome of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in France is not satisfactory (41% success rate). To improve the management and outcome of patients with MDR-TB, a prospective intervention study was carried out in 1998-1999 by National Reference Centre (NRC) staff. NRC staff conta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.11.023
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous in vivo studies using a human-simulated regimen of ceftaroline/avibactam 600/600mg every 8h (q8h) showed activity against extended-spectrum β-lactamase-, AmpC- and KPC-producing Enterobacteriaceae with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ≤ 1 μg/mL. Here we sought to determine the efficacy of this human-s...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.07.021
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antibacterial effects of six inorganic antibacterial agents were assessed using broth dilution and agar dilution tests on six pathogenic bacteria associated with oral infectious diseases: Streptococcus mutans (ATCC 25175), S. mutans (Ingbritt), Actinomyces viscosus (ATCC 15987), Lactobacillus casei (ATCC 393), Sta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.01.008
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA) is an increasingly recognised problem in critically ill patients. Little is known about how intensivists react to an Aspergillus-positive respiratory sample or the efficacy of antifungal therapy (AFT). This study aimed to identify drivers of AFT prescription and diagnostic workup...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.05.017
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the clinical characteristics, molecular epidemiology and biofilm production of Acinetobacter baumannii clinical isolates obtained from a tertiary-care hospital in Mexico. Clinical isolates of A. baumannii (n=152) isolated from 2007 to 2012 were included. Clonal diversity was anal...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.10.022
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious diseases are among the most common reasons for admission to hospital and can easily lead to sepsis. Sepsis is globally associated with increased mortality, and although biomarkers could help clinicians in the early diagnosis of sepsis and immediate onset of antibiotics, there are always questions to be answ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.10.010
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of glycopeptide reduced susceptibility and resistance in Staphylococcus aureus strains is a growing clinical problem that poses significant clinical challenges in treatment. Its development is a complex and novel process involving many subtle physiological changes in the micro-organism. Daptomycin is the...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.05.008
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resistance to chemotherapy is a common clinical problem in patients with infectious diseases as well as in patients with cancer. During treatment of infections or malignant tumors, the drug targets of prokaryotic or eukaryotic microorganisms and neoplastic cells are often found to be refractory to a variety of drugs t...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(03)00203-6
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The bacterial time-kill curves of azithromycin against four bacterial strains (Streptococcus pneumoniae/penicillin-intermediate, S. pneumoniae/penicillin-sensitive, Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis) were determined by in vitro infection models. Eighteen different pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic models ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.049
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nosocomial infections caused by multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms are a common problem around the world, especially in Intensive Care Units. The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy and safety of colistin therapy in paediatric patients with severe nosocomial infections caused by MDR Gram-negative b...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2012.04.010
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin bacterial colonization/infection is a frequent cause of morbidity in patients with chronic wounds and allergic/inflammatory skin diseases. This study aimed to develop a novel approach to eradicate meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from human skin. To achieve this, the stability and antibacterial a...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.014
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae collected over the first 4 years of the PROTEKT study were tested for susceptibility to penicillin, azithromycin and telithromycin. A total of 20,750 isolates were collected from 39 countries. Penicillin non-susceptibility rates were stable over the study period; overall, 21.8% of ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2005.04.022
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00