Abstract:
:An open, multicentre study was performed in hospital in-patients at a total of 12 German hospitals to investigate the efficacy and tolerability of sulbactam combined with mezlocillin, piperacillin or cefotaxime in severe bacterial infections. A total of 155 patients were recruited into the study, of whom 48 were suffering from respiratory tract infections, 66 from intra-abdominal infections, 34 from skin/soft tissue infections including postoperative wound infections, and five from complicated urinary tract infections. Fifty-five patients intravenously received 4 g mezlocillin and 1 g sulbactam three times daily, 52 received 4 g piperacillin and 1 g sulbactam three times daily, and 48 received 2 g cefotaxime and 1 g sulbactam three times daily. The antibiotic and sulbactam combination was administered in all cases by rapid intravenous infusion of both components together, over 20 min. The mean duration of treatment was 20 days. The criteria used to define the outcome of treatment as successful were clinical cure (complete disappearance of the signs and symptoms of infection seen before the start of treatment) or improvement (appreciable diminution or partial resolution of the initial signs and symptoms, no further antibiotic therapy required) and the elimination of the organisms isolated before the start of the study. Of the 153 clinically evaluable patient, 141 (92%) were classed as responders (a cure was obtained in 98 cases and improvement in 43 cases). No response to the study medication was seen in 12 patients (7.8%). The response rates of the combined antibiotic-sulbactam preparations were 91% for mezlocillin/sulbactam, 92% for piperacillin/sulbactam, and 93% for cefotaxime/sulbactam. These response rates are almost identical. A total of 106 patients (68.4%) were bacteriologically evaluable; a total of 192 bacterial organisms were identified in these patients before the start of treatment. Mixed infection was present in 55 patients. The causative organism initially isolated was eliminated in 96 patients (90%), accounting for 180 of 192 strains (94%). Persistence of the causative organism (12 strains) was seen in eight patients (7.6%). Superinfection (four strains) was seen in two patients (1.9%). The study medication was well tolerated; adverse drug effects were seen in only five patients (3.3%). Treatment was discontinued in one patient because of the adverse effect (exanthema). The combination of the beta-lactamase inhibitor sulbactam and a ureidopenicillin or cefotaxime was highly effiacious in patients with severe bacterial infections investigated in this study. The availability of sulbactam as a single-agent preparation opens up new avenues for flexible and cost-effective antibiotic therapy and is a valuable contribution to the control of bacterial resistance.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Manncke K,Springsklee M,Heizmann WR,Sonntag HGsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-04-01 00:00:00pages
S47-54eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
S0924-8579(96)80008-2journal_volume
6 Supplpub_type
杂志文章abstract::Management of community-origin complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs) requires surgical intervention and antimicrobial therapy. This multinational, randomised, double-blind clinical trial carried out in Asia compared the efficacy and safety of moxifloxacin monotherapy and ceftriaxone/metronidazole combination ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.06.022
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigation of biomarkers that can promptly predict unfavourable outcome of critically illness is an emerging necessity taking into consideration the need for early intervention, the shortage of available beds in intensive care units and the considerable cost of hospitalisation. The most promising biomarker is solub...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.10.011
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Tazobactam-piperacillin (TZP) is a mixture of a broad-spectrum penicillin and an irreversible β-lactamase inhibitor. TZP is effective against Gram-negative bacteria that produce extended-spectrum β-lactamases, and it is used as a first-line or second-line drug to treat serious infections. METHODS:This stu...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.105919
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance can make the efficient treatment of bacterial infections in humans and animals more difficult. Antimicrobial use in food animals may be one of the factors contributing to resistance. The Spanish surveillance network VAV has established a baseline of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00153-9
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and seventy-seven strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae derived from respiratory specimens between 1987 and 2001 were evaluated for their antimicrobial susceptibilities and distribution of genes related to penicillin and macrolide resistance. Resistance rates tended to be higher for the 1996-2001 isolates th...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2004.02.024
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Until now, studies confirming the safety of glycopeptide restriction in the empirical treatment of prolonged fever and neutropenia included only nine children. In an open-label observational study, the use of teicoplanin in paediatric oncology patients was investigated. A period of unrestricted use (2001-2003) was com...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.08.007
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outpatient parenteral antimicrobial therapy (OPAT) has evolved relatively slowly in the UK. This study describes the OPAT service based in a large UK teaching hospital in Sheffield, and examines the clinical efficacy, patient acceptability and costs saved over a 10-year period. Data on 3812 episodes of OPAT administer...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.016
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vancomycin is a glycopeptide antibiotic widely used in the management of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Guidelines currently recommend vancomycin be administered by intermittent infusion, despite recent research suggesting that continuous infusion (CI) may be associated with lower rates of vancomyc...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.04.013
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent basic and clinical research efforts have shed more light on the taxonomy, microbiology, epidemiology, antimicrobial susceptibility and treatment of Bacteroides, Prevotella, and Porphyromonas species. Of all anaerobic bacteria, Bacteroides is the most frequently isolated pathogen from clinical specimens, includi...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00164-8
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The worldwide epidemic of antibiotic resistance is in danger of ending the golden age of antibiotic therapy. Resistance impacts on all areas of medicine, and is making successful empirical therapy much more difficult to achieve. Antibiotic choices are often severely restricted, and the pipeline of new antibiotics is a...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(09)70549-7
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::New initiatives have been introduced in Europe and the USA to encourage more rapid development of antibiotics. The need to ensure these new antibiotics can be safely used in children, and especially neonates, is important owing to high antimicrobial resistance in these patient groups. This review aims to determine wha...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.05.001
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) are emerging multidrug-resistant bacteria responsible for invasive infections, including prosthetic joint infections (PJIs). Local administration of colistin may provide bactericidal concentrations in situ. This study evaluated the efficacy of a colistin-impregnated cem...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.009
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The feasibility of using colicins to create an antimicrobial lubricant to prevent extraluminal catheter contamination during urinary catheter insertion was assessed. Levels of resistance of uropathogenic Escherichia coli to antibiotics and colicins were compared. The results showed that antibiotics and colicins posses...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.07.004
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Currently, only two drugs, i.e. ganciclovir, (DHPG, cytovene)_and foscarent (PFA, Foscavir), are licenced for the treatment of severe CMV infections. Both compounds may have serious side effects and can lead to the emergence of drug-resistant virus strains. Recent pertain to the efficacy of prophylactic or pre-emptive...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0924-8579(93)90012-t
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent report identified significant reductions or disappearance of viral load in COVID-19 patients given a combination of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin. The present communication discusses some common pharmacokinetic properties of these two drugs that may be linked to a potential underlying mechanism of actio...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2020.106007
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of antibiotics, as any other drug, is regulated by the terms of its marketing authorisation, notified in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). If a prescription is not in accordance with the SPC, the physician prescribes off-label. There is very little literature regarding off-label use of antibiotics ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.04.010
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::To describe the relationship between the ratio of the 24-h area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(24)) to minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) as well as the effect of linezolid on Staphylococcus aureus, the killing kinetics of three S. aureus strains was studied by in vitro simulation of 5-day antibiotic dosi...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2008.09.006
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sodium diclofenac on the bioavailability of amoxicillin. In this randomised, crossover study with a 1-week washout period, 20 volunteers received a 2g oral dose of amoxicillin (Amoxil) (Group 1) or a 2g oral dose of amoxicillin with 100 mg of sodium diclofenac (Volta...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.02.005
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of this study was to comprehensively identify the target genes regulated by the two-component regulatory system VraSR in Staphylococcus aureus and to clarify the role of VraSR in low-level vancomycin resistance. Expression of vraS was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PC...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.02.003
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of the plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA, qnrB, qnrS and aac(6')-Ib-cr was evaluated in a collection of 382 isolates of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae collected between February and March 2006 for the nationwide Spanish GEIH-...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.009
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) are the most recent class of antiretroviral drugs with potent and durable antiviral activity used to treat human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. However, development of drug resistance increases the risk of treatment failure, disease progression and mortal...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.08.008
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy and safety of intrathecal (ITH) or intraventricular (IVT) colistin in addition to intravenous (IV) colistin for meningitis and ventriculitis due to carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) is unclear. In this retrospective observational study of 40 patients with post-neurosurgical meningitis an...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.12.002
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Of the 16,024 patients hospitalized from January 1995 to October 1997, 397 (2.4%) acquired nosocomial pneumonia and the aetiological agent was defined in 101 (25%). About 82% developed late onset pneumonia (>7 days of hospitalization). The site of isolation of microorganisms was bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) (49%), blo...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00316-2
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both zidovudine (ZDV) and stavudine (D4T) must be intracellularly converted to their respective active triphosphate anabolites (ZDV-TP and D4T-TP). It is hypothesized that the combination of ZDV and D4T may lead to altered formation of phosphorylated anabolites for either drug. The objective of this study was to inves...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(97)00041-1
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pneumoniae causes invasive disease world-wide and in all age groups. The reported incidence varies geographically and is increased in certain population groups. The incidence is highest in children less than 2 years and is also increased in the elderly. Mortality remains substantial even in the developed...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00491-5
更新日期:2002-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have elucidated the risk factors associated with peri-operative infection following head and neck cancer surgery (HNS), the implications of infection for total treatment cost, and the clinical benefits of successful antimicrobial prophylaxis. The most appropriate antibiotic use is achieved by focusing on ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(99)00088-6
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) of Taiwan issued a new reimbursement regulation effective from 1 February 2001 forbidding the use of antimicrobials in ambulatory patients with upper respiratory infections (URI) without evidence of bacterial infection. We evaluated the effect of this regulation by analys...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.10.013
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspergillus fumigatus is the main causal agent of invasive aspergillosis (IA), however other species of the genus can also cause IA, such as Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Aspergillus niger and related cryptic species. This infectious disease mainly affects immunosuppressed patients and is linked to elevated...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.09.011
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we identified 95 Malassezia isolates by morphological and biochemical criteria and assessed the in vitro activity of fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole and voriconazole by broth microdilution against these species using slightly modified Leeming-Notman medium. The Malassezia isolates were identifie...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.016
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The activity of the novel, fully synthetic fluorocycline antibiotic TP-6076 against carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) isolates with defined carbapenem resistance mechanisms was compared against reference antimicrobials with known activity against Acinetobacter spp. The susceptibility of 323 non-dupli...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2019.10.010
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00