Abstract:
:The objective of this study was to comprehensively identify the target genes regulated by the two-component regulatory system VraSR in Staphylococcus aureus and to clarify the role of VraSR in low-level vancomycin resistance. Expression of vraS was determined by real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (qRT-PCR). A clinical heterogeneous vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) strain B6D and a vancomycin-intermediate S. aureus (VISA) strain D7 that was induced from a meticillin-resistant S. aureus strain were selected to construct vraSR null mutants by allelic replacement. The vraSR-complemented strain B6D_c was also constructed by allelic replacement. Genes differentially expressed in the wild-type, vraSR null mutant and complemented strains were detected using RNA-Seq and were validated by qRT-PCR. Compared with vancomycin-susceptible S. aureus strains, expression of vraS was upregulated in all four isogenic hVISA strains. Vancomycin minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) in the vraSR null mutants B6D-ΔvraSR and D7-ΔvraSR were significantly lower than in the wild-type strains B6D and D7 and the complemented strain B6D_c. RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR data showed that expression of genes encoding FmtA protein, foldase protein PrsA, capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis glycosyltransferase, TcaA, a putative membrane protein, and six hypothetical proteins was down regulated in both vraSR-null mutants B6D-ΔvraSR and D7-ΔvraSR. Most of these differentially expressed proteins are involved in cell wall biosynthesis, which is associated with vancomycin resistance in S. aureus. In conclusion, VraSR plays an important role in S. aureus strains with low-level vancomycin resistance. PrsA, FmtA, glycosyltransferase and TcaA are regulated directly or indirectly by VraSR.
journal_name
Int J Antimicrob Agentsjournal_title
International journal of antimicrobial agentsauthors
Chen H,Xiong Z,Liu K,Li S,Wang R,Wang X,Zhang Y,Wang Hdoi
10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.02.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-05-01 00:00:00pages
362-7issue
5eissn
0924-8579issn
1872-7913pii
S0924-8579(16)30016-4journal_volume
47pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In this study, 2275 clinical isolates of 49 species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated in The Netherlands were subjected to standardised drug susceptibility testing using the Middlebrook 7H10 agar dilution method. Clarithromycin and rifabutin were most active, with 87% and 83% of all isolates, respectively, bein...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2009.09.023
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selection of antimicrobial agents is guided by the use of formularies which often constrain prescribing options. There are several factors which influence the inclusion of specific agents. Two of the most important factors are microbial etiology of a disease and the incidence of antibiotic resistance. Various surv...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00107-1
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of antibiotics, as any other drug, is regulated by the terms of its marketing authorisation, notified in the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC). If a prescription is not in accordance with the SPC, the physician prescribes off-label. There is very little literature regarding off-label use of antibiotics ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2016.04.010
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are common and range in severity from minor, self-limiting, superficial infections to life-threatening diseases requiring all the resources of modern medicine. The classification of SSTIs can be based on the anatomical site, clinical severity or microbial cause, but some classif...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/S0924-8579(09)70541-2
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we tested the ability of beta-lactam antibiotics and other cell-wall antibiotics to inhibit the production of listeriolysin which is the main virulence factor of L. monocytogenes. The amount of listeriolysin produced was measured in the supernatants with a sensitive hemolysin assay and as beta-gal...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0924-8579(96)00014-3
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we describe a patient undergoing extensive abdominal surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy due to primary adenocarcinoma in the sigmoid colon with peritoneal carcinomatosis. During hospitalisation the patient suffered from bacteraemia with a multidrug-resistant Bacteroides fragilis isolate. Whole-...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.02.024
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was designed to evaluate the potential role of fosfomycin as a therapeutic agent in human listeriosis. The in vitro activity of fosfomycin against 154 Listeria monocytogenes clinical isolates under conditions that mimic the induction of prfA expression was determined and was correlated with fosfomycin intra...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2013.10.018
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for life-threatening and difficult-to-treat infections worldwide and antimicrobial resistance is an increasing concern. Whilst acquired resistance has been widely studied, little is known of the contributions from chromosomal determinants that upon inactivation may reduce the susce...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.08.024
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antimicrobial resistance can make the efficient treatment of bacterial infections in humans and animals more difficult. Antimicrobial use in food animals may be one of the factors contributing to resistance. The Spanish surveillance network VAV has established a baseline of antimicrobial resistance in Escherichia coli...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(00)00153-9
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cross-protection by anti-lipid A antibodies may be mediated by contribution to host defence mechanisms such as enhancement of bactericidal activity and phagocytosis. The lipid A-specific murine monoclonal antibody (mAb) E5 was evaluated in vitro for its ability to enhance antibacterial effects in concert with antibiot...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0924-8579(94)90008-6
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::New treatments are urgently required for infections caused by meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) as these strains are often resistant to multiple conventional antibiotics. Earlier studies showed that ranalexin, an antimicrobial peptide (AMP), in combination with lysostaphin, an antistaphylococcal endope...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.01.016
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) are among the most difficult to treat emerging multidrug-resistant organisms. Major limitations exist in surveillance needed to address CRE, particularly in areas with inadequate resources. We utilised optimised strategies to search for data on carbapenem susceptibility of...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.05.019
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::No vaccine exists against any form of leishmaniasis. Because recovery from infection is usually accompanied by a strong immunity and because it is possible to protect experimental animals against live challenge, hope for the development of a vaccine for humans has been high. However, leishmaniasis is a disease of the ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2010.06.024
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to evaluate published evidence regarding clinical or microbiological outcomes related to the use of inhaled antibiotics other than aminoglycosides, polymyxins and aztreonam. A systematic search of PubMed and Scopus databases as well as bibliographies of eligible articles was performed. In total, 34 eligible ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2014.10.008
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus pyogenes is a common pathogen which may be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Recent information is not readily available, in Canada, regarding the susceptibility of clinical isolates to penicillin, extended spectrum and/or newer agents. We collected and tested 1003 isolates of S. pyoge...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00105-8
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The in vitro susceptibilities to several antibiotics of 136 Escherichia coli strains containing virulence factors isolated from children with urinary tract infection were analysed. Escherichia coli strains were analysed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction for genes encoding the following virulence factors: pyelonep...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.07.030
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:There has been recent renewed interest in historical antibiotics because of the increased antibiotic-resistant bacterial strains. Latamoxef, a semi-synthetic oxacephem antibiotic developed in 1980s, has recently been brought back into use for treatment of infections in newborns; however, it is still used off...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.11.017
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to develop an in-vitro topical treatment for Acanthamoeba keratitis (AK) effective against cysts and trophozoites. Qualitative assays were performed with voriconazole, chlorhexidine, propamidine, cellulase, tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and paromomycin as monotherapy and various combinations. Rib...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.03.033
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies have found an association between piperacillin/tazobactam when added to vancomycin and acute kidney injury (AKI) risk. However, studies were limited by the small sample size and residual confounding. The aim of this study was to compare the risk of AKI with vancomycin plus piperacillin/tazobactam (VPT) ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2017.02.023
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the rifampicin (RIF) resistance rate of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) amongst patients with MRSA bacteraemia who have or have not been exposed to RIF-containing antituberculous (anti-TB) treatment. From 2000 to 2008, patients with MRSA bacteraemia and previous...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.01.018
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have evaluated the literature to review optimal dosing and monitoring of intravenous vancomycin in adults, in response to evolving understanding of targets associated with efficacy and toxicity. The area under the total concentration-time curve (0-24 h) divided by the minimum inhibitory concentration (AUC24/MIC) is...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.12.014
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The impact of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae of food animal origins on human health has caught considerable attention worldwide. Intestinal Escherichia coli obtained from healthy food animals (pigs, cattle and poultry) in China were tested for the presence of ESBL genes. CTX-M-produc...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2011.12.001
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutants with oxazolidinone MICs, 2- to 16-fold higher than those of parents, were selected from two of five clinical isolates of Enterococcus faecalis during exposure to AZD2563, but only at frequencies of ca. 10(-8). Resistance was not selected in Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus or coagulase-negative stap...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2003.06.004
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of severe group A streptococcal infection and the streptococcal toxic shock syndrome has increased since 1986. In contrast to earlier times, aggressive streptococal infection is now more likely to affect patients between 20 and 50 years of age who do not have predisposing underlying diseases. Its viral-l...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0924-8579(94)90029-9
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The global spread of carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (CR-Kp) has become a massive threat to human health. We investigated the clonal relatedness of CR-Kp strains in central Taiwan. METHODS:CR-Kp strains were prospectively collected from inpatients referred to Chung Shan Medical University Hospita...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2018.04.023
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is considerable debate over the contribution of virginiamycin use in animals to quinupristin/dalfopristin (Q/D) resistance in humans. In this study, the prevalence and mechanisms of streptogramin resistance in enterococci from animals and the environment were investigated. From 2000-2004, enterococci from sample...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2007.03.010
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic parameters--(i) the peak concentration to the minimum inhibitory concentration ratio (C(max)/MIC); (ii) the area under the concentration-time curve to MIC ratio (AUC(24h)/MIC); and (iii) the time the concentration exceeds the MIC (T>MIC)--are important predictors of the clinical e...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00406-x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antifungal activity of posaconazole (SCH56592), a new triazole antifungal, against stock cultures and fresh clinical isolates of a wide range of pathogenic fungi was compared with that of itraconazole, fluconazole and amphotericin B. Posaconazole inhibited growth of all the fungal species tested except Fusarium sp...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(01)00363-6
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance initiatives to track Streptococcus pneumoniae resistance trends are important for understanding the current in vitro effectiveness of available antimicrobial agents. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles of S. pneumoniae (n=1479 isolates) collected from 17 geographical areas across the USA (2003-2004)...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2006.09.002
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Infectious diseases are among the most common reasons for admission to hospital and can easily lead to sepsis. Sepsis is globally associated with increased mortality, and although biomarkers could help clinicians in the early diagnosis of sepsis and immediate onset of antibiotics, there are always questions to be answ...
journal_title:International journal of antimicrobial agents
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2015.10.010
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00