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Rapid HIV testing and prevention of perinatal HIV transmission in high-risk maternity hospitals in St. Petersburg, Russia.

Abstract：

OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) rapid testing (RT) program. STUDY DESIGN:From April 13, 2004, to April 13, 2005, pregnant women at 2 high-risk maternity hospitals with no or incomplete HIV testing results (negative tests at <34 weeks, none thereafter) were offered point-of-care RT, with antiretroviral prophylaxis for RT-positive women and their infants. RESULTS:Overall, 89.2% of eligible women (3671/4117) underwent RT, of whom 90.4% received results before delivery. HIV seroprevalence among all women who underwent RT was 2.7% (100/3671 women); among previously untested women, seroprevalence was 6.5% (90/1375 women); the incidence of HIV seroconversion among women with previous negative tests during pregnancy was 0.4% (10/2296 women). After adjustment, the main predictor of receiving RT results after delivery was late admission. Among HIV-exposed infants, 97.9% (92/94) received prophylaxis; 61.7% (58/94) had available follow-up data, and 8.6% (5/58) met criteria for definitive or presumptive HIV infection. CONCLUSION:The RT program achieved timely detection of HIV-infected women in labor with unknown HIV status and effectively prevented perinatal HIV transmission.

journal_name

Am J Obstet Gynecol

journal_title

American journal of obstetrics and gynecology

authors

Kissin DM,Akatova N,Rakhmanova AG,Vinogradova EN,Voronin EE,Jamieson DJ,Glynn MK,Yakovlev A,Robinson J,Miller WC,Hillis S

doi

10.1016/j.ajog.2007.09.005

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2008-02-01 00:00:00

pages

183.e1-7

issue

2

eissn

0002-9378

issn

1097-6868

pii

S0002-9378(07)01104-0

journal_volume

198

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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