Differential tumor biology effects of double-initiation in a mouse skin chemical carcinogenesis model comparing wild type versus protein kinase Cepsilon overexpression mice.

abstract：:Although arsenic exposure causes liver disease and/or hepatoma, little is known about molecular mechanisms of arsenic-induced liver toxicity or carcinogenesis. We investigated the effects of arsenic on expression of cancer-related genes in a rat liver following subchronic exposure to sodium arsenate (1, 10, 100 ppm in...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Cui X,Li S,Shraim A,Kobayashi Y,Hayakawa T,Kanno S,Yamamoto M,Hirano S

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Alternate transgenic mouse models are accepted as replacements for the standard carcinogenicity mouse bioassay by regulatory agencies with a companion 2-year rat bioassay. The slower rate of industry acceptance of these shorter transgenic mouse cancer bioassays has been due to lack of historical data and diagnostic cr...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Nambiar PR,Turnquist SE,Morton D

更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enzyme histochemistry was assessed in semi-thin glycolmethacrylate sections after 100 mg/kg 2-bromoethanamine (BEA) hydrobromide had been given ip to male Wistar rats to induce renal papillary necrosis. Changes in the proximal tubular marker enzymes alkaline phosphatase (Alk Phos), gamma-glutamytranspeptidase (GGT) an...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Gregg NJ,Courtauld EA,Bach PH

更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A significant correlation exists between average daily food consumption and 2-yr survival in control ad libitum (AL)-fed Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. SD rats were fed Purina Rodent Chow 5002 or a modified chow, 5002-9, with lower protein, fat, metabolizable energy and increased fiber AL or by dietary restriction (DR) to ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Keenan KP,Smith PF,Hertzog P,Soper K,Ballam GC,Clark RL

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many common inflammatory disorders are characterized by the infiltration of neutrophils across epithelial lined (mucosal) surfaces resulting in disruption of critical barrier function that protects from microbes and noxious agents. In such conditions, disease symptoms are complex but directly related to leukocyte effe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Matthews JD,Weight CM,Parkos CA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the dog is a common choice among nonrodent species in evaluation of compound safety for regulatory submission, information regarding the incidence of spontaneous or incidental microscopic changes in canine peripheral nerve is limited. A retrospective examination was performed of routine histologic preparation...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Whitney KM,Schwartz Sterman AJ,O'Connor J,Foley GL,Garman RH

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Oxymetholone has been identified as a suspected nongenotoxic carcinogen and has recently completed testing in a conventional National Toxicology Program (NTP) 2-yr rodent bioassay program. As a synthetic androgen with a limited historical database in toxicology, oxymetholone is an ideal candidate for prospective exami...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Stoll RE,Holden HE,Barthel CH,Blanchard KT

更新日期：1999-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Nedocromil sodium is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug used to control asthmatic attacks. Our hypothesis is that nedocromil sodium inhibits virus-induced airway inflammation, a common trigger of asthma. We nebulized nedocromil sodium into beagle dogs (n = 10, mean +/- SEM ages: 149 +/- 13 days) before and after in...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Anderson KA,Lemen RJ,Weger NS,Chen H,Bowers MC,Witten ML,Lantz RC,Bice DE,Muggenburg BA

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I was honored to be the keynote speaker at the 30th Annual Society of Toxicologic Pathology Symposium "Toxicologic Pathology and the Immune System." I had the opportunity to reminisce about events in the 1970s that set the stage for the birth and subsequent growth of the field of immunotoxicology and to summarize my r...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Kerkvliet NI

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Duplications of the gastrointestinal tract are exceedingly rare in laboratory animals. We report a case of a communicating intestinal duplication in a 17-wk-old Sprague-Dawley (SD) rat. The duplication was present in the mesenteric border of the ileum, and both proximal and distal ends were communicated with the lumen...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Elangbam CS,Clevidence KJ,Jackson CB,Holson JF

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recommendations (best practices) are provided by the Society of Toxicologic Pathology's Adversity Working Group for making consistent interpretations of test article-related effects as "adverse" and assigning a "no observed adverse effect level" (NOAEL) in nonclinical toxicity studies. Adverse is a term indicating "ha...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Kerlin R,Bolon B,Burkhardt J,Francke S,Greaves P,Meador V,Popp J

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Focal spontaneously occurring eosinophilic hypertrophic cells, histomorphologically resembling oncocytes and hepatocytes, were observed in the pancreas from 11 (0.3%) of 4,177 Sprague-Dawley rats, 3 to 26 months old. The age of these eleven rats ranged from 13 to 25 months. The incidence was not different between sexe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Chiu T

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Syrian hamster embryo (SHE) cell-transformation assay represents a short-term in vitro assay capable of predicting rodent carcinogenicity of chemicals with a high degree of concordance (LeBoeuf et al [1996]. Mutat Res 356: 85-127). The SHE assay models the earliest identifiable stage in carcinogenicity, morphologi...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Mauthe RJ,Gibson DP,Bunch RT,Custer L

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Artemin (ART) signals through the GFR alpha-3/RET receptor complex to support sympathetic neuron development. Here we show that ART also influences autonomic elements in adrenal medulla and enteric and pelvic ganglia. Transgenic mice over-expressing Art throughout development exhibited systemic autonomic neural lesion...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Bolon B,Jing S,Asuncion F,Scully S,Pisegna M,Van GY,Hu Z,Yu YB,Min H,Wild K,Rosenfeld RD,Tarpley J,Carnahan J,Duryea D,Hill D,Kaufman S,Yan XQ,Juan T,Christensen K,McCabe J,Simonet WS

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated, morphologically and immunohistochemically, 74 medullary adrenal tumors, including 64 pheochromocytomas (14 malignant and 50 benign), 9 ganglioneuromas, and 1 malignant schwannoma. The tumors were detected in 2-year-old Wistar and Sprague-Dawley rats from carcinogenicity studies. Morphologically, benig...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Pace V,Perentes E,Germann PG

更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hepatic changes induced by phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC) in the liver of rats were determined by quantitative microscopy. Groups of male Fischer-344 rats were fed either a standard, cereal-based diet (Wayne rodent meal) or a purified diet (AIN-76A) containing PEITC at concentrations of 0.75 and 6.0 mmol/kg for 13 w...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Gray RH,Adam-Rodwell GA,Maris D,Haskins JR,Stoner GD

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The expression of specific cytokeratin (CK) polypeptide patterns is a sensitive marker of the cytoskeletal differentiation of epithelial cells. We developed an immunohistochemical method to assess CK expression patterns in the rat respiratory tract using serial paraffin-embedded sections from the nasal cavity, trachea...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Schlage WK,Bülles H,Friedrichs D,Kuhn M,Teredesai A,Terpstra PM

更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seventeen mesotheliomas from 395 untreated male Fischer 344/DuCrj rats were studied by light and electron microscopy to define the morphological characteristics of the tumors. In 16 out of 17 rats, mesotheliomas were observed in the abdominal and/or scrotal sac, and the other one was localized on the pleura. Grossly, ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Tanigawa H,Onodera H,Maekawa A

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Novel urinary protein biomarkers for the detection of acute renal damage, recently accepted by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, European Medicines Agency, and Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency (Japan), now have to be validated in practice. Limited data regarding the performance of these acute markers af...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Fuchs TC,Frick K,Emde B,Czasch S,von Landenberg F,Hewitt P

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A comparative study of histochemical detection of eosinophils in fixed murine tissue is lacking. Five histochemical methods previously reported for eosinophil detection were quantitatively and qualitatively compared in an established murine RSV vaccine-enhanced inflammation model. Nonspecific neutrophil staining was e...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Meyerholz DK,Griffin MA,Castilow EM,Varga SM

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This brief review summarizes our current understanding of vasculitis mediated by phlogistic immune complexes. The Arthus reaction and serum sickness both represent experimental models for immune complex disease. Immune complex phenomena occur in conjunction with C3 deficiency of dogs during canine distemper virus infe...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Krakowka S

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Clinically, girls appear to be more sensitive than boys to the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin, whereas the opposite may be true for adults. To identify and characterize potential sex-related differences, adult male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR; some ovariectomized [OVX]) received 1 mg/kg of doxo...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Zhang J,Knapton A,Lipshultz SE,Cochran TR,Hiraragi H,Herman EH

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanisms underlying the development of gastrointestinal (GI) damage by the NSAIDs differ considerably from drug to drug. Aside from environmental or intersubject influence (e.g., concurrent disease, physical or sociopsychologic stress, dietary and genetic status), the intrinsic pharmacokinetic and physicochemica...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Rainsford KD

更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Results of early nonclinical "General Toxicology" studies are used to set a safe starting dose for first-in-human (FIH) clinical trials. In FIH trials, the research subjects are typically healthy volunteers who have little to gain but much to lose if a trial goes wrong. With that in mind, good laboratory practice regu...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Seaton M

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lung is a target organ for the toxic effects of several chemical agents, including natural products, industrial chemicals, pesticides, environmental agents, and occasionally, drugs. Factors that establish the lung as a target organ include selective tissue exposure, high tissue oxygenation, and the presence of bio...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Smith BR,Brian WR

更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Expression of antigens in cells and tissues can be readily studied immunohistochemically with the use of antibodies. A panel of antibodies to cell-specific markers can be used to diagnose lesions, including tumors, in the hematopoietic and lymphoid systems. This review discusses the use of readily available antibodies...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Rehg JE,Bush D,Ward JM

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Standard histology trimming practices for toxicity studies in dogs include preparation of a section of the papillary muscle associated with the left ventricular free wall-the anteriolateral or anterior muscle. In contrast, the posteromedial or posterior papillary muscle, associated with the interventricular septum, is...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Kohnken R,Weber A

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Over the past decade, laser capture microdissection (LCM) has grown as a tool for gene expression profiling of small numbers of cells from tumor samples and of specific cell populations in complex tissues. LCM can be used to study toxicant effects on selected cell populations within the testis at different stages of s...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Catlin NR,Huse SM,Boekelheide K

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of factors related to study design have the potential to impact clinical pathology test results during the conduct of nonclinical safety studies. A thorough understanding of these factors is paramount in drawing accurate conclusions from clinical pathology data generated during such studies, particularly when...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Aulbach A,Provencher A,Tripathi N

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucokinase activators (GKAs) are being developed for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. The toxicity of 4 GKAs (PF-04279405, PF-04651887, piragliatin, and PF-04937319) was assessed in mice, rats, dogs, and/or monkeys. GKAs were administered for 2 to 8 weeks. Standard endpoints, glucose, and insulin were assessed. All ...

journal_title：Toxicologic pathology

authors： Pettersen JC,Litchfield J,Neef N,Schmidt SP,Shirai N,Walters KM,Enerson BE,Chatman LA,Pfefferkorn JA

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00