Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To explore the healthy worker survivor effect (HWSE) in a study of Vermont granite workers by distinguishing "prevalent" from "incident" hires based on date of hire before or after the start of follow-up. METHODS:Records of workers between 1950 and 1982 were obtained from a medical surveillance programme. Proportional hazards models were used to model the association between silica exposure and lung cancer mortality, with penalised splines used to smooth the exposure-response relationship. A sensitivity analysis compared results between the original cohort and subcohorts defined by restricting date of hire to include varying proportions of prevalent hires. RESULTS:Restricting to incident hires reduced the 213 cases by 74% and decreased the exposure range. The maximum mortality rate ratio (MRR) was close to twofold in all subcohorts. However, the exposure at which the maximum MRR was achieved decreased from 4.0 to 0.6 mg-year/m3 as the proportion of prevalent hires decreased from 50% in the original cohort to 0% in the subcohort of incident hires. CONCLUSION:Despite loss in power and restricted exposure range, decreasing the relative proportion of prevalent to incident hires reduced HWSE bias, resulting in stronger evidence for a dose-response between silica exposure and lung cancer mortality.
journal_name
Occup Environ Medjournal_title
Occupational and environmental medicineauthors
Applebaum KM,Malloy EJ,Eisen EAdoi
10.1136/oem.2006.031369subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
681-7issue
10eissn
1351-0711issn
1470-7926pii
oem.2006.031369journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Community based case-control studies are an efficient means to study disease aetiologies, and may be the only practical means to investigate rare diseases. However, exposure assessment remains problematic. We review the literature on the validity and reliability of common case-control exposure assessment methods: occu...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/oem.59.9.575
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Leukaemia is the most common cancer in children, but its aetiology is still poorly understood. We tested the hypothesis that traffic-related air pollution is associated with paediatric leukaemia because of chronic exposure to several potential carcinogens. METHODS:The Italian SETIL study (Study on the aetio...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101604
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Systematic assessments of the effectiveness of interventions to prevent work related eye injuries are needed. AIM:To investigate the long term effectiveness of a multicomponent prevention campaign. METHODS:The campaign (conducted in collaboration with the local Employers' Association and Trade Unions) targ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2004.019570
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A cohort of 4320 uranium miners in West Bohemia who started work at the mines during 1948 to 1959 and worked there for at least four years were followed up to the end of 1990 to determine cause specific mortality risks in relation to exposures in the mines. The miners had experienced high radon exposures, on average 2...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.51.5.308
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effectiveness of a counselling and education programme on work ability and work disability pension for employees in the construction industry. METHODS:Employees with a high disability risk of 38% or more in the following four years were included. Employees in the intervention group were e...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2006.029678
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A growing interest in reducing occupational sitting has resulted in public health efforts to encourage intermittent standing in workplaces. However, concerns have been raised that standing for prolonged periods may expose individuals to new health hazards, including lower limb atherosclerosis. These concerns...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-106905
更新日期:2020-11-03 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the risk of cancer and other diseases among workers engaged in aircraft manufacturing and potentially exposed to compounds containing chromate, trichloroethylene (TCE), perchloroethylene (PCE), and mixed solvents. METHODS:A retrospective cohort mortality study was conducted of workers employed f...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.56.9.581
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The effects of job strain and shift work on weight gain have not been studied jointly. Cross-sectional and longitudinal studies on shift work and weight gain have reported different results. This study examines potential effect modification by job strain on the link between shift work and weight gain, and co...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2016-103747
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the association of immune cell number and function with occupational exposure to substances contaminated with 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). METHODS:A cross sectional medical survey. The exposed participants were employed at two chemical plants between 1951 and 1972 in the manufactur...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.55.11.742
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Studies in traditional paper mills have indicated an excess cancer risk, and mutagenic compounds have been identified in the industry. No studies have reported on risk of cancer in paper recycling. Therefore the cancer incidence in Danish paper recycling mills was investigated. METHODS:5377 employees in fiv...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.54.10.729
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Observational studies suggest that shift work may be associated with diabetes mellitus (DM). However, the results are inconsistent. No systematic reviews have applied quantitative techniques to compute summary risk estimates. OBJECTIVES:To conduct a meta-analysis of observational studies assessing the assoc...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1136/oemed-2014-102150
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was carried out on respiratory symptoms and skin prick test response to common allergens (atopy), storage mites, and occupational allergens among 226 bakers and pastry makers from 105 small businesses in northern Italy. Atopy was present in 54 workers (23.4%); 40 workers (17.7%) were skin positive to at least...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.51.8.548
更新日期:1994-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to assess whether contaminated personal clothing worn beneath a coverall (normal workwear) is a source of potentially significant dermal exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in coal liquefaction workers. METHODS:An intervention study was conducted over a two week peri...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/oem.52.9.600
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relation with a case-control study between symptomatic osteochondrosis or spondylosis of the lumbar spine and cumulative occupational exposure to lifting or carrying and to working postures with extreme forward bending. METHODS:From two practices and four clinics were recruited 229 male p...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.58.11.735
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Previous analyses of cataract in radiation-exposed populations have assessed relative risk; radiogenic excess additive risk (EAR), arguably of more public health importance, has not been estimated. Previous analysis of a large prospective cohort of US radiologic technologists (USRT) quantified excess relativ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2019-105902
更新日期:2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The current definition of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) associates persistent airflow limitation and chronic respiratory symptoms. Agricultural work has been associated with an increased risk of developing COPD, but the prevalence and definition of the disease vary greatly between studies. T...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1136/oemed-2018-105310
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic mucus hypersecretion (CMH) is highly prevalent in smokers and associated with an accelerated lung function decline and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Several risk factors contribute to CMH and to COPD. It is, however, unknown if risk factors for CMH are similar in persons with and with...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2013-101654
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Introduced in the UK in 2010, the fit note was designed to address the problem of long-term sickness absence. We explored (1) associations between demographic variables and fit note receipt, 'maybe fit' use and long-term conditions, (2) whether individuals with long-term conditions receive more fit notes and...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2019-106035
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the relation between shift work and death from ischaemic heart disease (IHD). METHODS:A nested case-control approach was used. The cohort comprised male manual workers who joined an industrial company aged 50 years or under between 1 January 1950 and 31 December 1992 and worked there for at l...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.53.6.367
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the association between petrochemical exposure and spontaneous abortion, a retrospective epidemiological study in a large petrochemical complex in Beijing, China was conducted. METHODS:Plant employment records identified 3105 women who were married, were 20-44 years of age, and had never smoked. O...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.55.1.31
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The Stand Back study evaluated the feasibility and effects of a multicomponent intervention targeting reduced prolonged sitting and pain self-management in desk workers with chronic low back pain (LBP). METHODS:This randomised controlled trial recruited 27 individuals with chronic LBP, Oswestry Disability In...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/oemed-2017-104732
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The reason for the association between air pollution and risk of cardiovascular diseases is unknown. The hypothesis was examined that daily concentrations of air pollution are associated with daily concentrations of fibrinogen, a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. METHODS:Data on concentrations of plas...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.57.12.818
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Inflammatory biomarkers are associated with negative health outcomes. In this study, we investigated the associations between airborne occupational exposures and levels and changes in inflammatory biomarkers. METHODS:We included 79 604 adults at baseline from the Lifelines cohort of which 48 403 (60.8%) s...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2020-106493
更新日期:2020-08-07 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To study the risk of childhood cancer in relation to parental occupation and related exposures. METHODS:Self reported occupational data from mothers and fathers of 3838 children with cancer and 7629 control children were analysed. Odds ratios were calculated for 31 "occupational groups" by parent, diagnostic grou...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.60.12.901
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Volatile anaesthetics are chemically related to organic solvents used in industry. Exposure to industrial solvents may increase the incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS). AIM:To examine the risk among nurse anaesthetists of contracting MS. METHODS:Nurses with MS were identified by an appeal in the monthly m...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.60.1.66
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine the prevalence of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS)-like caseness in the working population. METHODS:Using data from the prospective Maastricht Cohort Study on Fatigue at Work, the prevalence and incidence of CFS-like cases (employees meeting research criteria for CFS) were determined among 5499 employee...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2003.008912
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To correlate the prevalence of respiratory tract symptoms and diseases with dust and fibre exposure in the soft tissue industry in Germany. METHODS:Ambient monitoring was performed for inhalable, respirable dust and fibres in seven soft tissue producing factories. In 441 workers (72 controls, 90 moderate, 279 hig...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.59.12.830
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The erection of mobile telephone base stations in inhabited areas has raised concerns about possible health effects caused by emitted microwaves. METHODS:In a cross-sectional study of randomly selected inhabitants living in urban and rural areas for more than one year near to 10 selected base stations, 365 ...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2005.020784
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:To investigate the effects of smoking and personal hygienic behaviour on blood lead (BPb) and free erythrocyte protoporphyrin levels (FEP) in lead exposed workers. METHODS:Subjects were 105 lead exposed male workers in a battery recycling plant during the years 2000-03. BPb and FEP were measured as part of the on...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oem.2004.019513
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Night shift work has been associated with poor sleep, weight gain, metabolic syndrome, which are recognised risk factor for diabetes. However, only a few studies have examined the effect of shift work on diabetes risk. Here, we study the association between shift work and incidence of diabetes in Danish nurs...
journal_title:Occupational and environmental medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/oemed-2015-103342
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00