Abstract:
:Leukoaraiosis (LA), one of the most frequent causes of cognitive disturbances, is presumed to involve vascular demyelinization and cerebral small-vessel diseases. Although it has been suggested that the development of LA is associated with cerebral circulatory disturbances, the pathomechanism of this circulatory problem is not completely understood. Extensive debate is continuing as regards the detailed features of the circulatory disturbances in LA. An endothelial dysfunction may lead to breakdown of the blood-brain barrier, thereby resulting in chronic toxic edema in the perivascular areas. This can then cause the slow development of LA. Endothelial dysfunctions may also give rise to molecular events involving a shift in the O(2) and CO(2) trafficking system in the red blood cells, which will result in special complex microcirculation disturbances in the white matter of the brain; these molecular phenomena may therefore account for chronic slight hypoxia leading to the development of LA. This article discusses these hypothetical alternative molecular events behind LA. The review also illustrates how medicinal chemistry can offer new insight into a common, but still mysterious cerebral phenotype.
journal_name
Curr Med Chemjournal_title
Current medicinal chemistryauthors
Szolnoki Zdoi
10.2174/092986707780362907subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-01-01 00:00:00pages
1027-36issue
9eissn
0929-8673issn
1875-533Xjournal_volume
14pub_type
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