Abstract:
:A new member of a family of site-specific retrotransposons is described in the New World trypanosome Trypanosoma cruzi. This element, CZAR (cruzi-associated retrotransposon), resembles two previously described retrotransposons found in the African trypanosome T. brucei gambiense and the mosquito trypanosomatid Crithidia fasciculata in specifically inserting between nucleotides 11 and 12 of the highly conserved 39-mer of the spliced leader RNA (SL-RNA) gene. CZAR is similar in overall organization to the other two SL-RNA-associated elements. It possesses two potential long open reading frames which resemble the gag and pol genes of retroviruses. In the pol open reading frame, all three elements contain similarly arranged endonuclease domains and share extensive amino acid homology in the reverse transcriptase region. All are associated with the SL-RNA gene locus and are present in low copy numbers. They do not appear to have 5' truncated versions. All three retrotransposons are otherwise quite distinct from one another, with no significant overall amino acid homology. The presence of such retroelements inserted into the identical site within SL-RNA gene sequences in at least three evolutionarily distant trypanosomatid species argues for a functional role. Because these elements appear to have a precise target site requirement for integration, we refer to them as SL siteposons.
journal_name
Mol Cell Bioljournal_title
Molecular and cellular biologyauthors
Villanueva MS,Williams SP,Beard CB,Richards FF,Aksoy Sdoi
10.1128/mcb.11.12.6139subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-12-01 00:00:00pages
6139-48issue
12eissn
0270-7306issn
1098-5549journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The expression and distribution of DNA polymerase alpha was measured by cytometry and confocal laser scanning microscopy. Expression was proportional to DNA content in proliferating cells, while only S-phase cells retained DNA polymerase alpha after detergent extraction. Nuclear DNA polymerase alpha binding may be one...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.11.6.3384
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of WEHI 231 immature B-lymphoma cells with an antibody against their surface immunoglobulin (anti-Ig) induces apoptosis and has been studied extensively as a model of B-cell tolerance. Anti-Ig treatment of exponentially growing WEHI 231 cells results in an early transient increase in c-myc expression that is...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.16.9.5015
更新日期:1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cell lines established from the lepidopteran insect Spodoptera frugiperda (fall armyworm; Sf9) are used routinely as hosts for the expression of foreign proteins by recombinant baculovirus vectors. We have examined the pathway of protein glycosylation and secretion in these cells, using human tissue plasminogen activa...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.9.1.214
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The U2 snRNP promotes prespliceosome assembly through interactions that minimally involve the branchpoint binding protein, Mud2p, and the pre-mRNA. We previously showed that seven proteins copurify with the yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) SF3b U2 subcomplex that associates with the pre-mRNA branchpoint region: Rse1p,...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.25.24.10745-10754.2005
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hes1 is a mammalian basic helix-loop-helix transcriptional repressor that inhibits neuronal differentiation together with corepressors of the Groucho (Gro)/Transducin-like Enhancer of split (TLE) family. The interaction of Hes1 with Gro/TLE is mediated by a WRPW tetrapeptide present in all Hairy/Enhancer of split (Hes...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.23.19.6922-6935.2003
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::An in silico screen for myogenic long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) revealed nine lncRNAs that are upregulated more than 10-fold in myotubes versus levels in myoblasts. One of these lncRNAs, MyoD upstream noncoding (MUNC, also known as DRR(eRNA)), is encoded 5 kb upstream of the transcription start site of MyoD, a myogenic...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01079-14
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::In selective autophagy, the adaptor protein SQSTM1/p62 plays a critical role in recognizing/loading cargo (e.g., malfolded proteins) into autophagosomes for lysosomal degradation. Here we report that whereas SQSTM1/p62 levels fluctuated in a time-dependent manner during autophagy, inhibition or knockdown of Cdk9/cycli...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01383-13
更新日期:2014-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::SRC family kinases play essential roles in a variety of cellular functions, including proliferation, survival, differentiation, and apoptosis. The activities of these kinases are regulated by intramolecular interactions and by heterologous binding partners that modulate the transition between active and inactive struc...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.16.5865-5878.2000
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Centrins in vertebrates have traditionally been associated with microtubule-nucleating centers such as the centrosome. Unexpectedly, we found centrin 2 to associate biochemically with nucleoporins, including the Xenopus laevis Nup107-160 complex, a critical subunit of the vertebrate nuclear pore in interphase and of t...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01697-07
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensory hair cells convert mechanical motion into chemical signals. Otoferlin, a six-C2 domain transmembrane protein linked to deafness in humans, is hypothesized to play a role in exocytosis at hair cell ribbon synapses. To date, however, otoferlin has been studied almost exclusively in mouse models, and no rescue ex...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01439-14
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tmprss2 encodes an androgen-regulated type II transmembrane serine protease (TTSP) expressed highly in normal prostate epithelium and has been implicated in prostate carcinogenesis. Although in vitro studies suggest protease-activated receptor 2 may be a substrate for TMPRSS2, the in vivo biological activities of TMPR...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.26.3.965-975.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The E2A-HLF fusion gene, formed by the t(17;19)(q22;p13) translocation in childhood acute pro-B-cell leukemia, encodes a hybrid protein that contains the paired trans-activation domains of E2A (E12/E47) linked to the basic region/leucine zipper DNA-binding and dimerization domain of hepatic leukemia factor (HLF). To a...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.15.6.3247
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have previously shown by affinity chromatography that RAP30 and RAP74 are the mammalian proteins that have the highest affinity for RNA polymerase II. Here we show that RAP30 binds to RAP74 and that the RAP30-RAP74 complex (RAP30/74) is required for accurate initiation by RNA polymerase II. RAP30/74 is required for...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.8.4.1602
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) have been shown to stimulate extracellular regulated kinases (ERKs) through a number of linear pathways that are initiated by G(q/11) or G(i) proteins. We studied signaling to the ERK cascade by receptors that simultaneously activate both G protein subfamilies. In HEK293T cells, bra...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.18.6837-6848.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human myeloid leukemia cells respond to 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate (TPA) and other activators of protein kinase C (PKC) with induction of monocytic differentiation. The present studies demonstrated that treatment of U-937 and HL-60 myeloid leukemia cells with TPA, phorbol-12,13-dibutyrate, or bryostatin 1 wa...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.19.1.461
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcriptional coactivator BOB.1/OBF.1 confers B-cell specificity on the transcription factors Oct1 and Oct2 at octamer site-containing promoters. A hallmark of the BOB.1/OBF.1 mutation in the mouse is the absence of germinal center development in secondary lymphoid organs, demonstrating the requirement for BOB.1...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.21.5.1531-1539.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of c-myc proto-oncogene, a key regulator of cell proliferation and apoptosis, is controlled at different transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels. In particular, the c-myc mRNA contains an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) able to promote translation initiation independently from the classical c...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.21.5.1833-1840.2001
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We recently identified Vav, the product of the vav proto-oncogene, as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Ras. Vav is enzymatically activated by lymphocyte antigen receptor-coupled protein tyrosine kinases or independently by diglycerides. To further evaluate the physiological role of Vav, we assessed its G...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.14.2.906
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The transcription and DNA repair factor TFIIH is composed of 10 subunits. Mutations in the XPB, XPD, and p8 subunits are genetically linked to human diseases, including cancer. However, no reports of mutations in other TFIIH subunits have been reported in higher eukaryotes. Here, we analyze at genetic, molecular, and ...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.00030-07
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A new dominant amplifiable selective system for use in bacterium-animal cell shuttle vectors was developed by the insertion of a 2-kilobase genomic fragment containing the cloned Escherichia coli gene for asparagine synthetase (AS) into the pBR322-simian virus 40 recombinant vector pSV2 so as to place the translationa...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.7.5.1623
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::4.5S RNA is a group of RNAs 90 to 94 nucleotides long (length polymorphism due to a varying number of UMP residues at the 3' end) that form hydrogen bonds with poly(A)-terminated RNAs isolated from mouse, hamster, or rat cells (W. R. Jelinek and L. Leinwand, Cell 15:205-214, 1978; F. Harada, N. Kato, and H.-O. Hoshino...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.6.5.1508
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multipotential stem cell lines, derived specifically from long-term bone marrow cultures infected with a recombinant retrovirus carrying v-src, lack v-src. Stable consequences thus result from transient actions or indirect effects of v-src on other cells, with the latter possibility being favored by its mosaic express...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.6.3.959
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Cdc37 is required for the productive formation of Cdc28-cyclin complexes. The cdc37-1 mutant arrests at Start with low levels of Cdc28 protein, which is predominantly unphosphorylated at Thr169, fails to bind cyclin, and has little protein kinase activity. We show here th...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.20.3.749-754.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A missense mutation within the histone acetyltransferase (HAT) domain of the TATA binding protein-associated factor TAF1 induces ts13 cells to undergo a late G(1) arrest and decreases cyclin D1 transcription. We have found that TAF1 mutants (Delta844-850 and Delta848-850, from which amino acids 844 through 850 and 848...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.25.10.4321-4332.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian clock genes are regulated through a transcriptional-translational feedback loop. Alterations of the chromatin structure by histone acetyltransferases and histone deacetylases (HDACs) are commonly implicated in the regulation of gene transcription. However, little is known about the transcriptional regulation...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.24.14.6278-6287.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basic leucine zipper transcription factor, CCAAT/enhancer binding protein alpha (C/EBPalpha), is abundantly expressed in keratinocytes of the skin; however, its function in skin is poorly characterized. UVB radiation is responsible for the majority of human skin cancers. In response to UVB-induced DNA damage, kera...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.24.24.10650-10660.2004
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interferon induces the synthesis of an enzyme which synthesizes 2',5'-oligoadenylate [2',5'-oligo(A)] when activated by double-stranded RNA. The 2',5'-oligo(A) in turn activates an endonuclease (RNase L). Concentrations of 2',5'-oligo(A) sufficient to activate RNase L are formed in interferon-treated HeLa cells infect...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.3.1.64
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The STE4 gene encodes the beta subunit of a heterotrimeric G protein that is an essential component of the pheromone signal transduction pathway. To identify downstream component(s) of Ste4, we sought pseudo-revertants that restored mating competence to ste4 mutants. The suppressor mot2 was isolated as a recessive mut...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.14.5.3150
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Keratins K5 and K14 form the extensive intermediate filament network of mitotically active basal cells in all stratified epithelia. We have explored the regulatory mechanisms governing cell-type-specific and differentiation stage-specific expression of the human K5 gene in transiently transfected keratinocytes in vitr...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/mcb.13.6.3176
更新日期:1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vascular endothelium (VE), the monolayer of endothelial cells that lines the vascular tree, undergoes damage at the basis of some vascular diseases. Its integrity is maintained by VE-cadherin, an adhesive receptor localized at cell-cell junctions. Here, we show that VE-cadherin is also located at the tip and along fil...
journal_title:Molecular and cellular biology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/MCB.01226-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00