Modulation of the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) by cAMP-elevating agents in granulocytes from diabetic patients: an Akt/PKB-dependent phenomenon.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Granulocytes from healthy subjects and from patients suffering from diabetes mellitus present differences in reactivity to stimulation with cyclic nucleotide-elevating agents. The production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is inhibited in cells from non-diabetic subjects following such stimulation, but activated through a PKA-independent signaling pathway in granulocytes from type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. The aim of the present study was to understand better the changes in signaling mechanisms induced by the disease. METHODS:ROS production in granulocytes from healthy subjects and from type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients was measured using a luminol-dependent chemiluminescence assay. Granulocytes were stimulated by the addition of the cAMP-elevating agent dibutyryl cAMP. In some experiments, granulocytes were pre-treated with an inhibitor of PKA or Akt/PKB prior to cAMP stimulation. RESULTS:Intracellular elevation of cAMP induced a PKA-dependent and Akt/PKB-independent inhibition of ROS production in granulocytes from healthy subjects, but a significant activation in cells from both type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients. Most significantly, activation of ROS generation in cells from diabetic patients was shown to be Akt/PKB-dependent and PKA-independent. CONCLUSIONS:These results suggest that chronic hyperglycaemia could induce metabolic adaptation in cAMP-related signaling mechanisms. Epac (exchange protein directly activated by cAMP) is a novel cAMP receptor besides PKA involved in different signaling pathways. The cAMP-stimulated inverse ROS response in granulocytes from type 1 and type 2 diabetic patients may be due to a change in signaling pathways from cAMP/PKA to cAMP/Epac/Akt/PKB. These preliminary results require further studies in order to evaluate their consequences on innate immunity and pathogenesis of diabetes mellitus.

journal_name

Diabetes Metab

journal_title

Diabetes & metabolism

authors

Nogueira-Machado JA,Lima e Silva FC,Cunha EP,Calsolari MR,Costa DC,Perilo CS,Horta BC,Ferreira IC,Chaves MM

doi

10.1016/s1262-3636(07)70287-2

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2006-09-01 00:00:00

pages

331-5

issue

4

eissn

1262-3636

issn

1878-1780

pii

s1262-3636(07)70287-2

journal_volume

32

pub_type

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