Abstract:
:Neuronal injury in CNS tissues induces a rapid activation and mobilization of resident microglia (MG). It is widely assumed that changes in gene expression drive the morphological transformation of MG and regulate their mobilization during activation. Here, we used acutely excised neonatal rat brain slices to test whether the morphological transformation and homing of MG to injured neurons requires gene expression and de novo protein synthesis. Traumatic injury during excision of live brain tissue slices induces a rapid and transient translocation of a transcription factor, NF-kappaB, to nuclei in MG. This is followed within 4-8 h by an increase in immunolabeling for cell adhesion molecules and lysosomal proteins, accompanied by changes in cell morphology. Application of anisomycin, a protein synthesis inhibitor, prevents the increase in immunolabeling for markers of MG activation but not the morphological transformation. Confocal time-lapse imaging in live tissue slices indicates that MG cell motility (branch extension and retraction) and locomotion are unaffected by anisomycin at early postinjury time-points (<4 h), while at later time-points (4-8 h postinjury) MG locomotion but not motility is inhibited. Thus, activated MG rapidly localize to injured pyramidal neuron cell bodies by 4-h postinjury, even in the presence of anisomycin. Moreover, this early MG activation and homing to injured neurons is unaffected in tissue slices from beta2 integrin deficient mice. These results indicate that gene activation and new protein synthesis coincide with, but are not necessary for, the rapid morphological transformation and early migration-dependent homing of activated MG to injured neurons in CNS tissues.
journal_name
Gliajournal_title
Gliaauthors
Kurpius D,Wilson N,Fuller L,Hoffman A,Dailey MEdoi
10.1002/glia.20355subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-07-01 00:00:00pages
58-70issue
1eissn
0894-1491issn
1098-1136journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
GLIA文献大全abstract::Astrocytes play an important role in neuroprotective responses. Recent studies indicate that endothelin-1, a neuropeptide upregulated during brain injury, increases levels of the endocannabinoid anandamide, a lipid with neuroprotective properties, in astrocytes in primary cultures. However, whether this neuropeptide a...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10270
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::When the brain suffers injury, microglia migrate to the damaged sites and become activated. These activated microglia are not detected several days later and the mechanisms underlying their disappearance are not well characterized. In this study, we demonstrate that interleukin (IL)-13, an anti-inflammatory cytokine, ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10057
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia can be isolated with high purity but low yield by shaking off loosely adherent cells from mixed glial cultures. Here we describe a new technique for isolating microglia with an average yield close to 2,000,000 microglial cells/mouse pup, more than five times higher than that of the shaking method. Confluent ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10274
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astroglial dysfunction plays an important role in neurodegenerative diseases otherwise attributed to neuronal loss of function. Here we focus on the role of astroglia in ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T), a disease caused by mutations in the ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) gene. A hallmark of A-T pathology is progressiv...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22925
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has focused on soluble oligomeric assemblies of beta-amyloid peptides (Abeta) as the proximate cause of neuroinflammation, synaptic loss, and the eventual dementia associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD). In this study, tripchlorolide (T4), an extract of Tripterygium wilfordii Hook. F (TWHF), was stud...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20844
更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::The prospects of achieving regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS) have changed, as most recent findings indicate that several species, including humans, can produce neurons in adulthood. Studies targeting this property may be considered as potential therapeutic strategies to respond to injury or the effects ...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.23282
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Persistence of radial glia within the adult central nervous system is a widespread phenomenon among fish. Based on a series of studies in the teleost species Apteronotus leptorhynchus, we propose that one function of this persistence is the involvement of radial glia in adult neurogenesis, i.e., the generation and fur...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.10236
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::When central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis is altered, microglial cells become rapidly activated, proliferate and release a broad range of molecules. Among the plethora of molecules involved in the regulation of microglial activation, cytokines are considered crucial. Although production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) h...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23573
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a critical relationship between oligodendrocyte development, myelin production, and iron bioavailability. Iron deficiency leads to hypomyelination both in humans and animal models, and the neurological sequelae of hypomyelination are significant. Therefore, understanding molecular mechanisms of iron import in...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21164
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::By promoting cell proliferation, survival and maturation insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I is essential to the normal growth and development of the central nervous system. It is clear that IGF-I actions are primarily mediated by the type I IGF receptor (IGF1R), and that phosphoinositide 3 (PI3)-Akt kinases and MAP ki...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20984
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regeneration in the adult central nervous system (CNS) is thought to be hampered by the lesion-induced activation of astrocytes and meningeal cells and the consecutive formation of a glial scar. The substrate properties of reactive astrocytes differ significantly from their neonatal counterparts, which promote axon gr...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-1136(199903)26:1<36::aid-glia4>
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) and nitric oxide (NO) have been described as gasotransmitters. Anti-inflammatory activity in the central and peripheral nervous systems may be one of their functions. Previously we demonstrated that several SH(-) donors including H2 S-releasing aspirin (S-ASA) exhibited anti-inflammatory and ne...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22553
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Astrocyte proliferation is tightly controlled during development and in the adult nervous system. In the present study, we find that a high-molecular-weight (MW) form of the glycosaminoglycan hyaluronan (HA) is found in rat spinal cord tissue and becomes degraded soon after traumatic spinal cord injury. Newly synthesi...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20215
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The G protein-coupled receptor 17 (GPR17) plays crucial roles in myelination. It is highly expressed during transition of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells to immature oligodendrocytes, but, after this stage, it must be down-regulated to allow generation of mature myelinating cells. After endocytosis, GPR17 is sorted i...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23015
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the course of adult hippocampal neurogenesis, new cells go through a series of stages associated with proliferative activity. The most highly proliferative cell type is an intermediate precursor cell, called type-2 cell. We here report that on the level of type-2 cells a transition takes place between features asso...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20407
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Integrins are transmembrane receptors that mediate cell-extracellular matrix and cell-cell interactions. The β1-integrin subunit is highly expressed by embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) and is critical for NSC maintenance in the developing nervous system, but its role in the adult hippocampal niche remains unexplored...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22996
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glial cells play a crucial role in the organization and function of the nervous system. Cell-cell adhesion receptors of the cadherin family have been shown to participate in distinct morphogenetic processes throughout the development of the CNS, but little is known about glial expression of cadherins. Applying immunof...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::CNS glia exhibit a variety of gap junctional interactions: between neighboring astrocytes, between neighboring oligodendrocytes, between astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, and as 'reflexive' structures between layers of myelin in oligodendrocytes. Together, these junctions are thought to form a network facilitating abso...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21179
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are intrinsic immune cells in the brain. In response to neurodegenerative events, excessively activated microglia change their shapes and release various cytokines leading to the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) disease. Because the intracellular mechanisms of this process are still unclear, we h...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22306
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) are devastating brain tumors containing a fraction of multipotent stem-like cells which are highly tumorigenic. These cells are resistant to treatments and are likely to be responsible for tumor recurrence. One approach to eliminate GBM stem-like cells would be to force their terminal diff...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22429
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our knowledge of multiple sclerosis (MS) neuropathology has benefited from a number of studies that provided an in-depth description of plaques and, more recently, diffuse alterations of the normal-appearing white or grey matter. However, there have been few studies focusing on the periplaque regions surrounding demye...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22705
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The detection of nucleic acids by the innate immune system is an essential host response during viral infection. In recent years, a number of immune sensors capable of recognizing cytosolic DNA have been identified and include the PYHIN family members AIM2, IFI16, and p204 as well as the enzyme, cGAS. Activation of th...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22786
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroepithelial progenitor cells from forebrains of newborn rat pups develop into "mature" astrocytes in an epidermal growth factor-containing medium free of serum (Von Visger et al: Exp Neurol 128:34, 1994). Eight-week-old "mature" astrocyte cultures on poly-L-lysine-coated dishes were exposed to an acidic medium (pH...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440130408
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neural progenitor cells (NPCs) are sequentially specified into neurons and glia during the development of central nervous system. WNT/β-catenin signaling is known to regulate the balance between the proliferation and differentiation of NPCs during neurogenesis. However, the function of WNT/β-catenin signaling during g...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.23608
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal activity leads to arteriole dilation and increased blood flow in retinal vessels. This response, termed functional hyperemia, is diminished in the retinas of diabetic patients, possibly contributing to the development of diabetic retinopathy. The mechanism responsible for this loss is unknown. Here we show th...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.21068
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Inefficient lysosomal degradation is central in the development of various brain disorders, but the underlying mechanisms and the involvement of different cell types remains elusive. We have previously shown that astrocytes effectively engulf dead cells, but then store, rather than degrade the ingested material. In th...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.22873
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The myelin basic protein gene (Mbp) encodes for the major myelin structural proteins and it is included in the Golli-Mbp gene complex. Previously, we observed MBP-like proteins in the human central nervous system (CNS) at developmental stages preceding myelination. In an effort to distinguish between Golli (HOG5 and H...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.10028
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Complement has been implicated as a potential effector mechanism in neurodegeneration; yet the precise role of complement in this process remains elusive. In this report, we have utilized the cuprizone model of demyelination-remyelination to examine the contribution of complement to disease. C1q deposition was observe...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.20551
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enteric glial cells were first described at the end of the 19th century, but they attracted more interest from researchers only in the last decades of the 20th. Although, they have a different embryological origin, the enteric GLIA share many characteristics with astrocytes, the main glial cell type of the central ner...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/glia.22795
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The poor regenerative ability of neurons of the central nervous system in mammals, as compared with their counterpart in fish or amphibians, is thought to stem from differences in their immediate nonneuronal environment and its response to axonal injury. We describe one aspect of the environmental response to axonal i...
journal_title:Glia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/glia.440100104
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00