Abstract：
:Screening for illness should be an evidence-based activity. Screening tests are useful only if they reduce mortality or morbidity. Therefore, healthcare professionals must know how to evaluate research about screening tests to be sure that, in fact, the tests actually accomplish their goals. Tests that generate many false-positive results may cause harm from anxiety and unnecessary procedures. Tests that generate many false-negative results may worsen outcomes by leading to delayed diagnosis and treatment. Characteristics that make a disease amenable to screening include a significant negative impact on health, an identifiable asymptomatic period, and improved outcomes with early intervention. A useful screening test must have sensitivity and specificity for the disease being screened. It also must be cost effective and acceptable to patients. Sensitivity, specificity, and disease prevalence all interact to determine a test's positive predictive value--the likelihood that a positive test result indicates that the disease is present. Several types of test bias can undermine the validity of a screening trial. Screening bias occurs when the sample of patients used in a trial to evaluate a screening test is not representative of the patient population to be screened. Another bias results from the fact that indolent disease is more likely to be detected in a screening program than aggressive disease. The apparent improved outcome that results is called length bias. Finally, lead-time bias occurs when survival of a screened population is measured from the date of screening, whereas survival of an unscreened population is measured from detection of symptomatic disease. In screening for illnesses, the goal must not be merely to do something. It must be to do something useful.
journal_name
Clin J Oncol Nursjournal_title
Clinical journal of oncology nursingauthors
Fields MM,Chevlen Edoi
10.1188/06.CJON.73-76subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-02-01 00:00:00pages
73-6issue
1eissn
1092-1095issn
1538-067Xjournal_volume
10pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Opioids are the basis for managing cancer-related pain. Pain assessment and management are critical competencies for the clinical care team to improve quality of life for patients with cancer. Knowledge and application of evidence-based practice approaches to cancer pain relief, including the principles of equianalges...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/13.CJON.80-83
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article describes family history assessment for colorectal cancer in three outpatient gastroenterology units and examines gastroenterology unit nurses' knowledge and attitudes about family history assessments. Eighty-eight colonoscopy records were surveyed, and 16 RNs were interviewed. The medical record document...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/11.CJON.E75-E82
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Checkpoint inhibitors are a form of immunotherapy that have revolutionized treatment for malignant melanoma, resulting in longer survival and better disease control. Multiple autoimmune disorders can occur with the use of checkpoint inhibitors, including severe, potentially fatal neurologic complications. Although neu...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/19.CJON.355-358
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Highly specialized care is required for critically ill patients with cancer, but continuity of care equally is important to their survival when they are admitted to the critical care setting. The use of oncology nurses as liaisons to critical care nurses may help ensure the continuity of care and reduce rates of morbi...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/07.CJON.925-927
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/20.CJON.148-152
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), including gastroenteropancreatic NETs, or GEP-NETs, are heterogenous tumors that arise from diffuse neuroendocrine cells and other organs, such as the lung, ovary, and thyroid. Lutetium Lu 177 dotatate (Lutathera®) is a newly approved targeted therapy for patients with advanced GEP-NETs. ...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/18.CJON.565-568
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Women who have been identified with a BRCA mutation benefit from a multidisciplinary, individualized medical evaluation to reduce their risk of developing cancers. Identifying women who would gain from testing for BRCA mutations is essential. Nurse practitioners (NPs) as primary care providers are important ...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/16.CJON.327-331
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 1980, the placement of central venous access devices has become routine, and these catheters have been of great benefit in the treatment of patients with cancer. Unfortunately, central venous catheters have not been without complications. Central line sepsis has been reported to be one of the most frequently occ...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/03.CJON.218-221
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many patients with incurable cancer do not accurately understand their prognosis, which can lead to aggressive and, often, futile treatment. Improved prognostic awareness can help patients to appropriately de-escalate aggressive treatment sooner in an illness trajectory. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this artic...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/16.CJON.385-390
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The BCR-ABL inhibitor imatinib is standard first-line therapy for patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and has revolutionized treatment of the disease. However, resistance and intolerance to the agent have emerged as major clinical complications. Dasatinib is the first and only dual BCR-ABL/SRC family kinase i...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/09.CJON.316-323
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple myeloma (MM), a neoplastic proliferation of plasma cells originating from the B-cell line, is associated with deleterious complications and poor outcomes. The failure of conventional combination chemotherapies to improve the overall survival of patients with MM has led to the use of high-dose chemotherapy sup...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/07.CJON.579-589
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:With increasing support for the integration of palliative care and standard oncology, communication training programs are needed to teach oncology nurses and other providers about palliative care communication. OBJECTIVES:This study reports on the outcomes of COMFORTTM SM Communication for Oncology Nurses, ...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/20.CJON.E1-E6
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Distress is commonly experienced by people with cancer. The National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) developed a guideline for screening and managing distress in 1999 and has updated the guideline on an annual basis ever since. Using the five-phase framework for translational research, this article summarizes rese...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/14.CJON.S1.26-30
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:S.R., a 65-year-old male with a history of prostate cancer, went to a cancer center in 2003. He had developed symptoms of bladder outlet obstruction in 1999 and was seen by a urologist. His baseline prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was 44 ng/ml. On physical examination, his prostate was enlarged, and a biopsy in Januar...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/06.CJON.565-566
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/14.CJON.568-576
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/16.CJON.566-567
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Older patients with cancer who may be more susceptible than younger patients to the myelosuppressive effects of chemotherapy undergo dose delays and reductions that can compromise treatment outcomes. Incidence of neutropenic complications and suboptimal chemotherapy delivery can be reduced with prophylactic colony-sti...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1188/10.CJON.81-86
更新日期：2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genetic testing for hereditary cancer syndromes is an integral component of oncology care. Various types of common errors that occur in the genetic testing process are presented in this article with actual clinical case examples and commentary. Genetic errors are expensive and may result in poor outcomes for the patie...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/17.CJON.673-676
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nearly all patients experience some degree of urinary irritative or obstructive symptoms following brachytherapy for definitive treatment of early-stage prostate cancer. The American Urological Association (AUA) Symptom Index is a tool developed to measure urinary function and can be incorporated into postoperative nu...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T.J.'s case was interesting from the standpoint of both diagnosis and management. The recommended treatment for this drug reaction was prednisone: however, the use of a steroid in a patient who is neutropenic and has a fever is risky because the because the steroid can mask the symptoms of infection (e.g., fever). Ad...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/18.CJON.S2.37-41
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the environment of an infectious pandemic, vaccines are a primary public health strategy to prevent the spread of disease. With the COVID-19 pandemic, there is heightened interest in safe and effective vaccines and their use in the context of clinical oncology practice. OBJECTIVES:This article provides f...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/21.CJON.76-84
更新日期：2021-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/12.CJON.73-82
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In the management of lung cancer, molecular profiling of the tumor is pivotal to defining a personalized treatment plan and is recommended for each patient. OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this article is to provide an update on genomic testing in lung cancer and the associated targeted treatment options. In addi...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/20.CJON.648-656
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/08.CJON.639-646
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The oncology practice setting can be a highly emotional workplace because nurses provide care to many of the same patients and their families over time. Comparing and contrasting nurses from different clinical settings would provide insight into the more common themes of nursing grief and might give guidance on how to...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1188/09.CJON.625-627
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Taxane-induced peripheral neuropathy (TIPN) affects a number of patients with breast cancer. To properly manage these patients, nurses must be able to identify and assess TIPN, as well as educate patients on TIPN as a side effect of taxane therapy. This article provides practical suggestions regarding how nurses can i...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/13.CJON.S1.22-34
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ribavirin is used in the treatment of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in high-risk patients, including patients who have undergone hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, to reduce mortality from RSV pneumonia. It is classified as a hazardous drug with potential for carcinogenicity and teratogenicity. Very few rece...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/14.CJON.E93-E96
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the trend of surgical procedures shifting from inpatient to outpatient settings continues, outpatient-focused standardized care processes will become more of a necessity. A multidisciplinary critical pathway (CP) for breast cancer surgery can assist care providers in meeting patients' educational and psychosocial n...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gastric cancer is a major cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide and is thought to be responsible for about 10% of cancer-related deaths across the globe. A small proportion of all gastric cancers arise because of a known hereditary syndrome, the most common of which is hereditary diffuse gastric cancer (HDGC). T...
journal_title：Clinical journal of oncology nursing
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1188/16.CJON.443-445
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
