Abstract：
:Gram-negative bacilli have become increasingly resistant to antibiotics over the past 2 decades due to selective pressure from the extensive use of antibiotics in the hospital and community. In addition, these bacteria have made optimum use of their innate genetic capabilities to extensively mutate structural and regulatory genes of antibiotic resistance factors, broadening their ability to modify or otherwise inactivate antibiotics in the cell. The great genetic plasticity of bacteria have permitted the transfer of resistance genes on plasmids and integrons between bacterial species allowing an unprecedented dissemination of genes leading to broad-spectrum resistance. As a result, many Gram-negative bacilli possess a complicated set of genes encoding efflux pumps, alterations in outer membrane lipopolysaccharides, regulation of porins and drug inactivating enzymes such as beta-lactamases, that diminish the clinical utility of today's antibiotics. The cross-species mobility of these resistance genes indicates that multidrug resistance will only increase in the future, impacting the efficacy of existing antimicrobials. This trend toward greater resistance comes at a time when very few new antibiotics have been identified capable of controlling such multi-antibiotic resistant pathogens. The continued dissemination of these resistance genes underscores the need for new classes of antibiotics that do not possess the liability of cross-resistance to existing classes of drugs and thereby having diminished potency against Gram-negative bacilli.
journal_name
Biochem Pharmacoljournal_title
Biochemical pharmacologyauthors
Gootz TDdoi
10.1016/j.bcp.2005.11.006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-30 00:00:00pages
1073-84issue
7eissn
0006-2952issn
1873-2968pii
S0006-2952(05)00750-1journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:The tissue distributions of debrisoquine 4-monooxygenase and bufuralol 1'-monooxygenase activities in microsomes from bovine and rabbit tissues were analysed. Debrisoquine 4-monooxygenase and bufuralol 1'-monooxygenase activities were found in liver, and at low levels in cerebral cortex, kidney cortex, lung, small int...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(92)90633-t
更新日期：1992-05-08 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2003.09.007
更新日期：2004-01-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(94)00443-p
更新日期：1995-02-14 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(85)90156-x
更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2007.02.006
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2016.09.004
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(92)90647-2
更新日期：1992-05-08 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1993-03-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：1991-10-24 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(90)90212-4
更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(92)90175-i
更新日期：1992-05-28 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(94)00534-6
更新日期：1995-01-18 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2003.09.023
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2003.12.009
更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2013.08.067
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(89)90069-5
更新日期：1989-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2004.06.026
更新日期：2004-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2005.09.022
更新日期：2005-12-05 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0006-2952(99)00252-x
更新日期：1999-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(96)00417-0
更新日期：1996-10-11 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2014.03.003
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transient outward potassium current (Ito) contributes to early repolarization of many mammalian cardiac action potentials, including human, whilst the rapid delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) contributes to later repolarization. Fast Ito channels can be produced from the Shal family KCNDE gene product Kv4.3s, although...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2018.01.036
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0006-2952(89)90095-6
更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a strong association between tobacco smoking and the consumption of alcoholic beverages. When compared to the effects of either drug on its own, the combined use may lead to worsened outcomes, such as less successful quitting attempts and increased likelihood of developing mood disorders. Co-consumption most ...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2017.06.113
更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：:2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is a widespread environmental pollutant, which causes a variety of severe health effects, e.g. immunosuppression, hepatotoxicity, and carcinogenesis. The main mediator of TCDD toxicity is the arylhydrocarbon receptor (AhR), which, upon activation, translocates into the nucleu...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2008.09.013
更新日期：2009-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:We have recently identified hyperforin, a lipophilic constituent of the herb Hypericum perforatum (St. John's wort), as a dual inhibitor of the proinflammatory enzymes cyclooxygenase-1 and 5-lipoxygenase. The aim of the present study was to further elucidate antiinflammatory properties and respective targets of hyperf...
journal_title：Biochemical pharmacology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.bcp.2003.12.020
更新日期：2004-04-15 00:00:00
