Abstract:
STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of valganciclovir 450 mg/day for 6 months for cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in renal transplant recipients. DESIGN:Single-center, retrospective analysis. SETTING:Urban, academic medical center. PATIENTS:Fifty-eight patients who received de novo renal transplants from August 1, 2001-November 21, 2002. INTERVENTION:Valganciclovir 450 mg/day was administered to all renal transplant recipients at risk for CMV disease. Therapy was begun postoperatively and was dose adjusted to renal function. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS:Data collected from renal transplant recipients were demographics, immunosuppressive and antiviral drug therapy, and occurrence of CMV disease, acute rejection, allograft loss, and hematologic adverse events. Donor (D)/recipient (R) CMV serostatus was 37.9% D+/R+, 29.3% D-/R+, 17.3% D+/R-, and 15.5% D-/R-. Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) was administered to 62.1% of patients. Most of the transplant recipients received triple immunosuppression as maintenance therapy. Median follow-up was 20 months. The frequency of CMV disease was 1.7% within 6 months after transplantation and 5.2% at any point after transplantation. All patients who developed CMV disease were D+/R- and had received ATG. Leukopenia and thrombocytopenia associated with valganciclovir were seen in 28% and 24% of patients, respectively. One patient developed acute cellular rejection. No graft losses or deaths occurred. Early discontinuation of valganciclovir occurred in 20% of patients secondary to severe, persistent leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, and/or diarrhea. None of these patients developed CMV disease. CONCLUSION:A high rate of CMV disease was noted among the D+/R- population. Administration of ATG as an induction agent also increased the frequency of CMV disease. Despite the low dosage of valganciclovir, hematologic adverse events were common. However, valganciclovir, administered at 450 mg/day for 6 months, was effective and relatively safe for prophylaxis of CMV disease in renal transplant recipients.
journal_name
Pharmacotherapyjournal_title
Pharmacotherapyauthors
Gabardi S,Magee CC,Baroletti SA,Powelson JA,Cina JL,Chandraker AKdoi
10.1592/phco.24.14.1323.43152subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-10-01 00:00:00pages
1323-30issue
10eissn
0277-0008issn
1875-9114journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PHARMACOTHERAPY文献大全abstract::Meropenem-vaborbactam is a new β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combination designed to target Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. Meropenem-vaborbactam was United States Food and Drug Administration-approved for complicated urinary tract infections in patients 18 years of age or olde...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type:
doi:10.1002/phar.2187
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beta-blockers are an important cardiovascular drug class, recommended as first-line treatment of numerous diseases such as heart failure, hypertension, and angina, as well as treatment after myocardial infarction. However, responses to a beta-blocker are variable among patients. Results of numerous studies now suggest...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.27.6.874
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the accuracy of four equations based on serum creatinine concentration-the original Schwartz equation and the Leger, Bedside Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD), and Counahan-Barratt equations-for determining glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in pediatric patients with chronic kidney di...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01095.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare changes in United States pharmacy practice faculty demographics from 1995-2001 and to discuss the implications for junior faculty development. METHODS:Demographic data were extracted from the American Association of Colleges of Pharmacy institutional research system for academic years 1995-1996 an...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.22.7.445.33678
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the level of agreement between two sets of criteria, the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) criteria and investigator-developed criteria, for identifying bleeding events in patients who had undergone a percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and to measure length of hospital stay ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.27.1.36
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in patients with cancer is 6-12-fold higher than in the general population, and VTE is the second leading cause of death in this population, after cancer itself. The etiology underlying the increased risk of VTE is multifactorial and complex, involving patient-, tumor-, and tre...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.29.11.1344
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A few reports in the literature describe zidovudine (AZT) pharmacokinetics in patients undergoing hemodialysis; however, the effect of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) on the drug's disposition has not been studied. The pharmacokinetics of AZT were evaluated in five patients, age 37-62 years, who were ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To describe the population pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamic target attainment of ampicillin in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) undergoing controlled hypothermia (CH). DESIGN:Prospective, open-label pharmacokinetic study. SETTING:A 189-bed, freestanding children's tertiary care ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/phar.1916
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Agitation in the elderly, manifested by verbal and physical aggression, frequently results in increased morbidity and mortality for nursing home residents and reduced morale for the family and nursing home staff. It is also responsible for increased costs associated with caring for these residents. Pharmacologic inter...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To characterize patient sociodemographics and health, describe vancomycin treatment parameters and clinician-rated outcomes, and determine costs associated with treatment including preparation and administration, adverse events, and toxicity. DESIGN:A prospective study to develop a model for costs ass...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the emergence of new anticoagulants, clinicians need a thorough understanding of coagulation assays. Various laboratory assays exist to measure the effectiveness of anticoagulants. Coagulation assays are the primary method for measuring the effectiveness of anticoagulants; therefore, a comprehensive understanding...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1283
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Institute of Medicine has identified adverse drug events as factors that significantly contribute to increased patient morbidity and mortality. As critically ill patients receive numerous drugs to treat a multitude of complicated health problems, they are at high risk for adverse drug events. Sedation is often a k...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.28.2.250
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To develop and evaluate a peer review group (PRG) meeting using feedback data on a patient level to improve the quality of drug therapy for prevention of recurrent myocardial infarction. DESIGN:Prospective follow-up study. DATA SOURCE:General practitioners' computerized patients records (intervention ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.26.2.254
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Certification of pharmacotherapy specialists is proceeding smoothly. Modifications to the examination process, which include reapportioning domains, offering the examination at several sites, and establishing the recertification process, have occurred. The guidelines for petitioners and structure of specialization con...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Limitations of traditional anticoagulants have led to the need for structured services to provide anticoagulation monitoring. Anticoagulation management services have historically filled this role. Novel antithrombotic agents currently in development have the potential to improve on the limitations of vitamin K antago...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.24.15.199s.43159
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Females of childbearing age represent a large population of solid organ transplant recipients. With fertility commonly restored after transplantation, the possibility of pregnancy becomes a reality for many patients. Since the first published report of a successful pregnancy after solid organ transplantation in 1963, ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1800
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Substantial error occurs when individual saliva theophylline concentrations are used to predict serum theophylline concentrations. However, the use of saliva theophylline concentrations to determine product bioavailability has never been evaluated. Subjects in this study were 18 stable patients (20-51 yr) with a histo...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.1983.tb03263.x
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:A safe alternative to erythropoiesis-stimulating agents to treat anemia is warranted in patients with cancer and anemia; thus the objective of this trial was to compare the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) iron isomaltoside with oral iron in patients with cancer and anemia by testing the noninfer...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/phar.1729
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The appropriate level of sedation in patients with an open abdomen following damage control laparotomy (DCL) is debated. Chemical paralysis with neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBAs) has been used to decrease time to abdominal closure. We sought to evaluate the effect of NMBA use on sedation requirements in patients w...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/phar.2225
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Warfarin is considered a high-risk drug because of its narrow therapeutic window, variability in dose response, and multitude of drug and food interactions. Although travel advice is available for patients who are taking warfarin, it is geared toward patients who are traveling to developed countries and tends to be la...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/j.1875-9114.2012.01019.x
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Warfarin is an anticoagulant available as a racemic mixture. The R- and S-isomers differ with respect to relative plasma concentrations, clearance, potency, sites of metabolism, and cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoenzymes responsible for metabolism. S-Warfarin, the more potent isomer, is metabolized primarily by CYP2C9. Gene...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.21.2.235.34106
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rituximab has been approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration in combination with methotrexate for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis in patients who failed to achieve adequate benefit from tumor necrosis factor-alpha inhibitors. Rituximab is a biologic agent that depletes peripheral B cells--an act...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.27.12.1702
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the ability of seven widely known herbal references and electronic databases to answer questions about herbal products asked at drug information centers. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:Five academic and institutional drug information centers. METHODS:Fifty-seven herbal-related ques...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.22.17.1611.34126
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) affects nearly 1 in 10 women. Thus, it is essential for pharmacists and other health care providers to be comfortable when discussing a patient's sexual health to ensure appropriate triage so that the specific causes of HSDD can be identified and potential recommendations provi...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/phar.1209
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nucleoside analogs (zidovudine, didanosine, zalcitabine, stavudine, abacavir, lamivudine) have been administered as antiretroviral agents for more than a decade. They undergo anabolic phosphorylation by intracellular kinases to form triphosphates, which inhibit human immunodeficiency virus replication by competitively...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.21.1.11.34439
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To compare the cost-effectiveness of intravenous plus oral amiodarone, atrial septal pacing, and both strategies combined to prevent atrial fibrillation after open heart surgery. Secondary objectives were to compare the cost-effectiveness of amiodarone versus no amiodarone and of pacing versus no pacin...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.24.11.1013.36132
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the safety and efficacy of aerosolized ceftazidime for prevention of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) and to evaluate the effects of the drug on the proinflammatory response. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. SETTING:University teaching ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.22.12.972.33596
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anemia is an undertreated but common complication of cancer and is associated with debilitating symptoms that impair the patient's ability to perform daily functions of life. Treatment with darbepoetin alfa, a novel erythropoiesis-stimulating protein, is appropriate for chemotherapy-induced anemia. Guidelines on darbe...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1592/phco.23.16.110s.31970
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review the literature on clonidine, venlafaxine, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, and gabapentin for the treatment of hot flashes. DATA SOURCES:A MEDLINE search (January 1966-July 2003) was conducted to identify English-language literature available on the treatment of hot flashes that focused on ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1592/phco.24.1.79.34812
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the effects of acetaminophen, naproxen, and acetylsalicylic acid on the pharmacokinetics of the centrally acting analgesic tapentadol in healthy subjects. DESIGN:Two randomized, open-label, crossover, drug-drug interaction studies. SETTING:Clinical research facilities in the United States ...
journal_title:Pharmacotherapy
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1592/phco.30.1.25
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00