Abstract:
:Although population-based molecular association studies are becoming increasingly popular, methodology for the meta-analysis of these studies has been neglected, particularly with regard to two issues: testing Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium (HWE), and pooling results in a manner that reflects a biological model of gene effect. We propose a process for pooling results from population-based molecular association studies which consists of the following steps: (1) checking HWE using chi-square goodness of fit; we suggest performing sensitivity analysis with and without studies that are in HWE. (2) Heterogeneity is then checked, and if present, possible causes are explored. (3) If no heterogeneity is present, regression analysis is used to pool data and to determine the gene effect. (4) If there is a significant gene effect, pairwise group differences are analysed and these data are allowed to 'dictate' the best genetic model. (5) Data may then be pooled using this model. This method is easily performed using standard software, and has the advantage of not assuming an a priori genetic model.
journal_name
Stat Medjournal_title
Statistics in medicineauthors
Thakkinstian A,McElduff P,D'Este C,Duffy D,Attia Jdoi
10.1002/sim.2010subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-05-15 00:00:00pages
1291-306issue
9eissn
0277-6715issn
1097-0258journal_volume
24pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We discuss some of the fundamental concepts underlying the development of frailty and random effects models in survival. One of these fundamental concepts was the idea of a frailty model where each subject has his or her own disposition to failure, their so-called frailty, additional to any effects we wish to quantify...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1259
更新日期:2002-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::We investigate population-averaged (PA) and cluster-specific (CS) associations for clustered binary logistic regression in the context of a longitudinal clinical trial that investigated the association between tooth-specific visual elastase kit results and periodontal disease progression within 26 weeks of follow-up. ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780140407
更新日期:1995-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::A new exponentially weighted moving average (EWMA) control chart well suited for 'online' routine surveillance of medical procedures is introduced. The chart is based on inter-event counts for failures recorded when the failures occur. The method can be used for many types of hospital procedures and activities, such a...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.2520
更新日期:2007-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::The validity and practical utility of observational medical research depends critically on good study design, excellent data quality, appropriate statistical methods and accurate interpretation of results. Statistical methodology has seen substantial development in recent times. Unfortunately, many of these methodolog...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.6265
更新日期:2014-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::We examine Goodman and Kruskal's lambda using Efron's approach to regression and analysis of variance (ANOVA) for zero-one outcome data. For a binary response cross-classified by a single nominal predictor, we present a computationally simple ANOVA table in which lambda is analogous to Pearson's R-square. We character...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780080511
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We obtained maximum likelihood estimates (MLEs) of the proportion cured pi c and mean log survival time mu t for a sample of 4355 patients with intraocular melanoma whose survival times subsequent to treatment were assumed to follow a log-normal distribution. Following stratification by tumour size, MLEs of pi c and m...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780090814
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statistical methods for analyzing recurrent events have attracted significant attention. The majority of existing works consider situations in which subjects are observed over time periods and events of interest that occurred during the course of follow-up are recorded. In some applications, a subject may leave the st...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8042
更新日期:2019-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Many neuroscientists are interested in how connectomes (graphical representations of functional connectivity between areas of the brain) change in relation to covariates. In statistics, changes like this are analyzed using regression, where the outcomes or dependent variables are regressed onto the covariates. However...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8374
更新日期:2019-12-20 00:00:00
abstract::Generalized linear models are often assumed to fit propensity scores, which are used to compute inverse probability weighted (IPW) estimators. To derive the asymptotic properties of IPW estimators, the propensity score is supposed to be bounded away from zero. This condition is known in the literature as strict positi...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7827
更新日期:2018-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::Instrumental variable is an essential tool for addressing unmeasured confounding in observational studies. Two-stage predictor substitution (2SPS) estimator and two-stage residual inclusion (2SRI) are two commonly used approaches in applying instrumental variables. Recently, 2SPS was studied under the additive hazards...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8071
更新日期:2019-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::The randomized clinical trial, LU19, conducted by the Medical Research Council Lung Cancer Working Party, was designed to compare ACE (doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide and etoposide) chemotherapy plus G-CSF (granulocyte colony-stimulating factor) at 2-week intervals versus ACE chemotherapy alone at standard 3-week interv...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1002/1097-0258(20001015)19:19<2657::aid-sim557>
更新日期:2000-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Determination of the equation that relates an ordered dependent variable to ordered independent variables is sought. One solution, non-parametric discriminant analysis (NPD), involves obtaining the best monotonic step function by means of a computer search procedure. Although one can use alternative selection criteria...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780110804
更新日期:1992-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::The generalized estimating equations (GEE) approach is commonly used to model incomplete longitudinal binary data. When drop-outs are missing at random through dependence on observed responses (MAR), GEE may give biased parameter estimates in the model for the marginal means. A weighted estimating equations approach g...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1241
更新日期:2002-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::A trial of Duchenne muscular dystrophy involved tracking boys of all ages through a one-year baseline period, followed by a one-year trial of leucine versus placebo treatment. In this paper we develop a model for a total-muscle-strength score that uses the data of the extended baseline period in the evaluation of the ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/sim.4780050304
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although hypertension is regarded as a causal factor for coronary heart disease (CHD) a reduction in the risk of CHD as a result of lowering blood pressure in mild hypertension could not be demonstrated. This conclusion is based on an overview analysis of all published randomized trials in mild hypertension, including...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780071104
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey is conducted at w of K selection units or lists, e.g. health care institutions or weeks in a year, to estimate N, the total number of individuals with particular characteristics. Our estimator utilizes two items determined for each survey participant: the number, u, among the w lists in S and the number, j, a...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3614
更新日期:2009-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Adaptive designs have been proposed for clinical trials in which the nuisance parameters or alternative of interest are unknown or likely to be misspecified before the trial. Although most previous works on adaptive designs and mid-course sample size re-estimation have focused on two-stage or group-sequential designs ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3201
更新日期:2008-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::This paper examines several methods for deriving standardized morbidity ratios (SMR) and attributable fraction (attributable risk percentage) estimates. We show that some of the proposed methods will, in general, produce biased estimators, although the low variance of certain estimators sometimes compensates for their...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.4780030206
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare autoimmune disease that may lead to serious complications, even to death. We develop a 2-state Markov regression model in a Bayesian framework to characterise disease progression in JDM over time and gain a better understanding of the factors influencing disease risk. The trans...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.7613
更新日期:2018-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Many critical questions in medicine require the analysis of complex multivariate data, often from large data sets describing numerous variables for numerous subjects. In this paper, we describe CoPlot, a tool for visualizing multivariate data in medicine. CoPlot is an adaptation of multidimensional scaling (MDS) that ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3078
更新日期:2008-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Two important qualities of controlled clinical trials are that they reduce dependence on historical standards for evaluating therapy and separate the effect of treatment from the confounding influence of time. Whatever the theory of the clinical trial, however, time has not easily been banished from the analysis of me...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/sim.4780081106
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mesothelioma is a rare cancer caused by exposure to asbestos. Belgium has a known long history of asbestos production, resulting in one of the highest mesothelioma mortality rates worldwide. While the production of asbestos has stopped completely, the long latency period of mesothelioma, which can fluctuate between 20...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8697
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::We propose a new, less costly, design to test the equivalence of digital versus analogue mammography in terms of sensitivity and specificity. Because breast cancer is a rare event among asymptomatic women, the sample size for testing equivalence of sensitivity is larger than that for testing equivalence of specificity...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-0258(19981015)17:19<2219::aid-s
更新日期:1998-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Drop-out often occurs in clinical trials with multiple visits and drop-out is often informative in the sense that the population of patients who dropped out is different from the population of patients who completed the study. To handle data with informative drop-out, an intention-to-treat analysis, which evaluates tr...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.1519
更新日期:2003-08-15 00:00:00
abstract::In this paper, we construct a partial additive regression (PAR) model to predict the survival times of cancer patients based on microarray gene expression data with right censoring. The area under time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curve is used as a model evaluation criterion. We conduct a simulation st...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3412
更新日期:2009-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::Studies involving longitudinal binary responses are widely applied in the health and biomedical sciences research and frequently analyzed by generalized estimating equations (GEE) method. This article proposes an alternative goodness-of-fit test based on the nonparametric smoothing approach for assessing the adequacy ...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3315
更新日期:2008-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::Systematic reviews often provide recommendations for further research. When meta-analyses are inconclusive, such recommendations typically argue for further studies to be conducted. However, the nature and amount of future research should depend on the nature and amount of the existing research. We propose a method ba...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.5524
更新日期:2013-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Identification of the latency period for the effect of a time-varying exposure is key when assessing many environmental, nutritional, and behavioral risk factors. A pre-specified exposure metric involving an unknown latency parameter is often used in the statistical model for the exposure-disease relationship. Likelih...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.8038
更新日期:2019-03-30 00:00:00
abstract::The sojourn time, time spent in the preclinical detectable phase (PCDP) for chronic diseases, for example, breast cancer, plays an important role in the design and assessment of screening programmes. Traditional methods to estimate it usually assume a uniform incidence rate of preclinical disease from a randomized con...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1002/sim.4780141404
更新日期:1995-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::Nutritional exposures are often measured with considerable error in commonly used surrogate instruments such as the food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) (denoted by Q(i) for the ith subject). The error can be both systematic and random. The diet record (DR) denoted by R(i) for the ith subject is considered an alloyed go...
journal_title:Statistics in medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/sim.3238
更新日期:2008-08-15 00:00:00