Abstract:
:Whereas tetrahydrofolate is an essential cofactor in all bacteria, the gene that encodes the enzyme dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) could not be identified in many of the bacteria whose genomes have been entirely sequenced. In this communication we show that the halophilic archaea Halobacterium salinarum and Haloarcula marismortui contain genes coding for proteins with an N-terminal domain homologous to dihydrofolate synthase (FolC) and a C-terminal domain homologous to dihydropteroate synthase (FolP). These genes are able to complement a Haloferax volcanii mutant that lacks DHFR. We also show that the Helicobacter pylori dihydropteroate synthase can complement an Escherichia coli mutant that lacks DHFR. Activity resides in an N-terminal segment that is homologous to the polypeptide linker that connects the dihydrofolate synthase and dihydropteroate synthase domains in the haloarchaeal enzymes. The purified recombinant H. pylori dihydropteroate synthase was found to be a flavoprotein.
journal_name
Mol Microbioljournal_title
Molecular microbiologyauthors
Levin I,Giladi M,Altman-Price N,Ortenberg R,Mevarech Mdoi
10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.04339.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-12-01 00:00:00pages
1307-18issue
5eissn
0950-382Xissn
1365-2958pii
MMI4339journal_volume
54pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Sinorhizobium meliloti and host legumes enter into a nitrogen-fixing, symbiotic relationship triggered by an exchange of signals between bacteria and plant. S. meliloti produces Nod factor, which elicits the formation of nodules on plant roots, and succinoglycan, an exopolysaccharide that allows for bacterial invasion...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.02826.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four outer-membrane proteins of Aeromonas hydrophila were purified and their N-terminal sequences and channel-forming properties were determined. Three could be matched with proteins from other species. One was a maltoporin, as its level increased when cells were grown in maltose-containing media, and the channel it f...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1992.tb02203.x
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Summary Spore formation in the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis is a last resort adaptive response to starvation. To initiate sporulation, the key regulator in this process, Spo0A, needs to be activated by the so-called phosphorelay. Within a sporulating culture of B. subtilis, some cells initiate this develo...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04659.x
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative enterobacterium that has historically been, and currently remains, a significant cause of human disease. It is a frequent cause of urinary tract infections and pneumonia, and subsequent systemic infections can have mortality rates as high as 60%. Despite its clinical significan...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2005.04918.x
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The expression of the structural genes for lysine (LYS) biosynthesis is controlled by a pathway-specific regulation mediated by the transcriptional activator Lys14 in the presence of alpha-aminoadipate semialdehyde, an intermediate of the pathway acting as a co-inducer. Owing to end product inhibition of the first ste...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00916.x
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Induction of the sugar-phosphate transport system in Escherichia coli by external glucose-6-phosphate is regulated by the UhpABC regulatory proteins. UhpA protein is required for uhpT transcription and is related to response regulators of two-component regulatory systems. UhpA and its homologues appear to be composed ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1995.tb02358.x
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteria tightly regulate intracellular zinc levels to ensure sufficient zinc to support essential functions, while preventing toxicity. The bacterial response to zinc limitation includes the expression of putative zinc metallochaperones belonging to subfamily 1 of the COG0523 family of G3E GTPases. However, the clien...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.14314
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes encoding the three terminal enzymes in the threonine biosynthetic pathway, homoserine dehydrogenase (hom), homoserine kinase (thrB) and threonine synthase (thrC) have been isolated from Corynebacterium glutamicum. The C. glutamicum hom and thrB genes were subcloned on a 3.6 kb SalI-generated chromosomal frag...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1988.tb00006.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Having no known environmental reservoir, Streptococcus pyogenes, a bacterium responsible for a wider variety of human diseases than any other bacterial species, must rely on its host for metabolic substrates. Although a streptococcal aldolase, LacD.1, has been adapted to virulence gene regulation, both LacD.1 and a pa...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05663.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::RepA, the initiator protein of plasmid P1, binds to multiple sites (iterons) in the origin. The binding normally requires participation of chaperones, DnaJ, DnaK and GrpE. When purified, RepA appears dimeric and is inactive in iteron binding. On reaction with chaperones, a species active in iteron binding is formed an...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.5691920.x
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium difficile, an emerging nosocomial pathogen of increasing clinical significance, produces two large protein toxins that are responsible for the cellular damage associated with the disease. The precise mechanisms by which toxin synthesis is regulated in response to environmental change have yet to be discove...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05739.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Haemophilus influenzae is a human-specific pathogen and a major source of morbidity worldwide. Infection with this organism begins with colonization of the nasopharynx, a process that probably depends on adherence to respiratory epithelium. The Hia autotransporter protein is the major adhesin ex-pressed by a subset of...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03189.x
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prior to the discovery of a minimal ATP-dependent DNA ligase in Haemophilus influenzae, bacteria were thought to only possess a NAD-dependent ligase, which was involved in sealing of Okazaki fragments. We now know that a diverse range of bacterial species possess up to six of these accessory bacterial ATP-dependent DN...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13229
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet binding by Streptococcus gordonii strain M99 is strongly correlated with the expression of the large surface glycoprotein GspB. A 14 kb chromosomal region downstream of gspB was previously shown to be required for the expression of this protein. The region encodes SecA2 and SecY2, which are components of an a...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2004.03978.x
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrogen-regulated genes in enterobacteria are positively controlled by the transcriptional activator of σ(N) -dependent promoters NtrC, either directly or indirectly, through the dual regulator Nac. Similar to enterobacteria, gdhA encoding glutamate dehydrogenase from Pseudomonas putida is one of the few genes that i...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07329.x
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have cloned a gene encoding a polygalacturonase (PG) in the filamentous fungus Aspergillus niger RH5344. The structural gene comprises 1141 bp coding for 362 amino acids and the open reading frame is disrupted by one intron of 52 bp. Eukaryotic consensus sequences for transcription regulation are found only in devi...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb00782.x
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus subtilis responds to signals of environmental and metabolic stress by inducing over 40 general stress genes under the control of the sigma B transcription factor. sigma B activity is regulated post-translationally by a multi-component network composed of two coupled partner-switching modules, RsbX-RsbS-RsbT a...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.1997.3631732.x
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Candida albicans is the single, most frequently isolated human fungal pathogen. As with most fungal pathogens, the factors which contribute to pathogenesis in C. albicans are not known, despite more than a decade of molecular genetic analysis. Candida albicans was thought to be asexual until the discovery of the MTL l...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03263.x
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatio-temporal oscillations of the Min proteins are essential for selecting the cell division site in Escherichia coli. These oscillations are a key example of a biological phenomenon that can only be understood on a systems level rather than on the level of its individual components. Here, we review the key concepts...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2007.05607.x
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The serine-threonine kinase TOR, the Target of Rapamycin, is an important regulator of nutrient, energy and stress signaling in eukaryotes. Sch9, a Ser/Thr kinase of AGC family (the cAMP-dependent PKA, cGMP- dependent protein kinase G and phospholipid-dependent protein kinase C family), is a substrate of TOR. Here, we...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13484
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcineurin plays essential roles in virulence and growth of pathogenic fungi and is a target of the natural products FK506 and Cyclosporine A. In the pathogenic mucoralean fungus Mucor circinelloides, calcineurin mutation or inhibition confers a yeast-locked phenotype indicating that calcineurin governs the dimorphic...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13071
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Virion proteins recognize their cognate nucleic acid for encapsidation into virions through recognition of a specific nucleotide sequence contained within that nucleic acid. Viruses like bacteriophage P22, which have partially circularly permuted, double-stranded virion DNAs, encapsidate DNA through processive series ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2002.03114.x
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Burkholderia mallei, the aetiologic agent of glanders, causes a variety of illnesses in animals and humans ranging from occult infections to acute fulminating septicaemias. To better understand the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the pathogenesis of these diseases, studies were initiated to characterize the struct...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2006.05519.x
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A search with the proposed amino acid translation product from the new 'candidate gene' for human Menkes disease against protein sequence libraries showed a remarkable similarity to that for the cadmium efflux ATPase from Staphylococcus aureus resistance plasmids. The Menkes sequence appears closer to the CadA Cd2+ se...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1993.tb00898.x
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Maturation of c-type cytochromes in Escherichia coli is a complex process requiring eight membrane proteins encoded by the ccmABCDEFGH operon. CcmE is a mediator of haem delivery. It binds haem transiently at a conserved histidine residue and releases it for directed transfer to apocytochrome c. CcmC, an integral memb...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.02083.x
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A library of genomic DNA fragments from Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) DL42 was constructed in plasmid pBR322, transformed into Escherichia coli strain RR1, and screened for recombinant clones with haemin-binding activity by plating onto haemin-containing agar. Expression of haemin-binding activity by clones corr...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.1991.tb02107.x
更新日期:1991-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) genome contains a large repertoire of putative fimbrial operons that remain poorly characterized because they are not expressed in vitro. In this study, insertions that induced expression of the putative stdABCD fimbrial operon were identified from a random...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2008.06185.x
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multicopy dnaA(Ts) strains carrying the dnaA5 or dnaA46 allele are high-temperature resistant but are cold sensitive for colony formation. The DnaA5 and DnaA46 proteins both have an A184-->V change in the ATP binding motif of the protein, but they also have one additional mutation. The mutations were separated, and it...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2958.2000.01790.x
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacteriophages are present in virtually all ecosystems, and bacteria have developed multiple antiphage strategies to counter their attacks. Clostridium difficile is an important pathogen causing severe intestinal infections in humans and animals. Here we show that the conserved cell-surface protein CwpV provides antip...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/mmi.13121
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite their high genomic synteny, the Leishmania major and Leishmania infantum species exhibit extensive differences in mRNA expression patterns throughout the parasite's development. Yet, the underlying mechanisms for this species-specific differential gene expression are largely unknown. Here we report that Short ...
journal_title:Molecular microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07226.x
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00