Abstract：
:The bioavailability of a single dose of intranasal nafarelin was evaluated in 15 healthy female volunteers. Each subject received a 400 micrograms intranasal and a 25 micrograms intravenous dose of nafarelin separated by at least 7 days. Blood samples were obtained frequently after each dose for determination of nafarelin plasma levels. After intravenous administration, time to maximum concentration (Tmax) was 2 minutes, and maximum serum concentration (Cmax) was 8.2 +/- 2.09 (SD) ng/ml. For intranasal nafarelin, mean Tmax was 18.4 +/- 7.9 minutes (range, 5 to 40 minutes), and Cmax was 2.04 +/- 1.29 ng/ml (range, 0.49 to 5.7 ng/ml). Systemic bioavailability of nafarelin ranged from 1.15% to 5.62% and averaged 2.82% +/- 1.23%. Nafarelin's bioavailability is adequate to achieve the desired therapeutic effect because of its inherent high biologic potency and its pharmacokinetic properties. Nafarelin is readily absorbed by the nasal mucosa, and therapeutic blood levels are rapidly achieved and maintained for a prolonged period of time.
journal_name
Am J Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
American journal of obstetrics and gynecologyauthors
Chaplin MDdoi
10.1016/0002-9378(92)91710-rsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-02-01 00:00:00pages
762-5issue
2eissn
0002-9378issn
1097-6868pii
0002-9378(92)91710-Rjournal_volume
166pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Invasive cervical squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed in 45 patients less than 35 years old from 1980 to 1985. Thirty-two cases were Stage IB; 10, Stage IIB; and three, Stage IIIB. Twenty-two patients developed persistent or recurrent disease. Only one of these is now alive with no evidence of tumor. The mean interv...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(88)90144-5
更新日期：1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antisperm cell-mediated immunity has been associated with infertility in men and women. The purpose of this study was to determine whether the products of activated lymphocytes and macrophages (lymphokines and monokines) affect the fertilizing ability of human spermatozoa in the zona-free hamster egg penetration test....
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90179-8
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In order to examine the relationship between circadian rhythms in different steroids, cortisol (F), estrone E1), estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) were measured by radioimmunoassay in maternal venous plasma taken at 30 to 60-minute intervals over 24 hours from 11 healthy women at 34 to 35 weeks' gestation. Maternal F w...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(79)90393-4
更新日期：1979-11-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the role of previous term delivery on the rate of recurrent preterm birth in women with previous spontaneous preterm delivery (SPTD) who receive 17-alphahydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) therapy. STUDY DESIGN:Women with singleton gestations who were receiving 17P t...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.039
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chromosomal studies in patients with polycystic ovary disease have produced contradictory findings. Whereas some patients showed various sex-chromosome anomalies, the majority had a normal karyotype. However, banding techniques were not employed in any of those studies. This report presents the result of cytogenetic s...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(15)33238-5
更新日期：1980-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of magnesium sulfate on protein kinase C (PKC) translocation in myometrial cells from pregnant women. STUDY DESIGN:Myometrium was obtained at the time of cesarean delivery from women at term before labor. Cultured myometrial cells were treated with magne...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2003.09.009
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cervical cancer screening is an essential component of prenatal care. The diagnosis and management of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) during pregnancy are challenging, and sufficient information does not exist to allow for a definitive evidence-based approach. The American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2008.04.010
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The levels of unconjugated estriol in maternal vein serum during labor, cord artery serum, and cord vein serum were measured in normal pregnancy and in pregnancy complicated by intrauterine growth retardation. The mean level of unconjugated estriol in maternal vein serum was significantly lower in the intrauterine gro...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To determine whether anesthesia lowers fetal oxygen consumption, sodium pentobarbital (10 mg/kg) was given intravenously to seven chronically instrumented pregnant ewes (123 to 144 days' gestation). Oxygen consumption fell by 23% in association with a rise in fetal vascular PO2. Fetal breathing movements were abolishe...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(86)90628-9
更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We tested the hypothesis that preterm delivery in women with twins or polyhydramnios is associated with enhanced expression and activity of cyclooxygenase type 2 in the amnion. STUDY DESIGN:We obtained amniotic tissue samples from women undergoing preterm delivery complicated by either twins or polyhydramnio...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1067/mob.2001.108076
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Both phosphorylated (p) mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and protein S6 kinase 1 (p70S6K) are known to regulate protein synthesis and are affected during intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). We studied the mTOR pathway during hyperthermia (HT)-induced IUGR in sheep. STUDY DESIGN:Beginning at 40 days g...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2009.07.031
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to determine the most cost-effective delivery management of vertex and nonvertex twin pair gestations. STUDY DESIGN:Two hundred sixty-six consecutive twin gestations were followed up prospectively in a special antepartum Twins Clinic directed by the Maternal-Fetal Medicine Division. ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70179-6
更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to establish normal ranges for human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) serum levels in healthy women. STUDY DESIGN:HE4 levels were measured in healthy women and analyzed by age, menopausal status, and pregnancy status. Upper 95th percentiles were determined for normal ranges. RESULTS:...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2011.12.028
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Five nonstress tests were interpreted by a national sample of obstetricians blinded to specific patient clinical data. The 169 questionnaires suitable for analysis showed that the reliability of the test interpretation, as measured by the kappa statistic, decreased with increasing number of categories of interpretatio...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(85)90459-4
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The serum ferritin level was used to diagnose iron depletion in 137 pregnant patients who came to an inner-city hospital outpatient clinic. Seventy-three patients (53.3%) had ferritin levels less than 20 micrograms/L, indicating iron depletion. The prevalence of iron depletion was 29% in the first trimester, 64% in th...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(88)90429-2
更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Over 2,148 cycles of midcycle oral administration of R 2323 (50 mg. per day on Days 15,16, and 17), the authors recorded a drug-failure pregnancy rate of 5 per cent and an unusually regular cycle length of 28 +/- 2 days. During this trial, endometrial biopsies obtained in the luteal phase were examined by light and el...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(76)90807-3
更新日期：1976-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The objective of the study was to evaluate the risk for bacterial vaginosis (BV) in a douching cessation trial. STUDY DESIGN:Thirty-nine reproductive-age women who reported use of douche products were enrolled into a 20-week study consisting of a 4 week douching observation (phase I) followed by 12-weeks of ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.11.043
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We compared quality of life, utilization, and costs for women undergoing elective abdominal, laparoscopically assisted vaginal, or vaginal hysterectomy within a managed-care organization. STUDY DESIGN:A prospective study of 287 women who underwent an elective hysterectomy was performed. RESULTS:Patients und...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(98)70633-7
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ten pregnant ewes were alternated in a study of the blocking effect of parenteral magnesium on the catecholamine response to cocaine. Indirect blood pressures were recorded at 1-minute intervals for 12 minutes before and after a bolus of 2 mg/kg of cocaine. Fetal heart rates were continuously recorded from skin electr...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(89)90693-5
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of methadone on fetal neurobehavioral functions and maternal physiologic indicators. STUDY DESIGN:Forty women attending a substance abuse treatment facility with otherwise uncomplicated pregnancies were evaluated at peak and trough methadone levels. Fet...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2005.02.075
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine the rates of late preterm inductions without a medical indication from birth certificate data and to compare them with rates that were obtained from medical charts. STUDY DESIGN:The Ohio Perinatal Quality Collaborative, which comprises 20 hospitals in Ohio that came...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2010.07.004
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to describe a group of women with prolapse of the anterior vaginal segment associated with bilateral paravaginal defects, to report the morbidity associated with the operative repair, and to analyze the results of preoperative and postoperative pelvic support defects in five...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(94)90384-0
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four epidemiologic studies showed a twofold increase in risk of deep venous thrombosis with the use of oral contraceptives containing third-generation progestins, relative to second-generation products. These findings have been strongly debated ever since, and new studies have been added. In the current article we exa...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0002-9378(97)70289-8
更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) are defined as exogenous chemicals, or mixtures of chemicals, that can interfere with any aspect of hormone action. The field of endocrine disruption is historically rooted in wildlife biology and reproductive endocrinology where EDCs are demonstrated contributors to infertility, ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2016.01.182
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate endometrial biopsy and curettage in detecting small nerve fibers in eutopic endometrium for diagnosis of endometriosis. STUDY DESIGN:Endometrial biopsies with precise, consistent technique and curettings were taken from 37 women (20 with endometriosis and 17 without ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.04.032
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The role of fetal prolactin (PRL) as a fetal adrenotropic hormone was investigated in eight chronically catheterized fetal lambs. Catheters were placed for measurement of plasma prolactin (PRL), cortisol (F), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S), and androstenedione (A). Daily (9 AM) ...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(81)90320-3
更新日期：1981-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Our aim was to investigate the influence of vaginal colonization with specific microorganisms on the relationship between sexual intercourse during pregnancy and preterm delivery. STUDY DESIGN:As part of a multicenter, prospective study interviews and physical examinations were conducted with and genital cul...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0002-9378(93)90484-z
更新日期：1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to quantify the risk for anal incontinence and difficult defecation among women with prolapse by comparing them with women without prolapse of similar age, body mass index, race, and hysterectomy status, and to determine whether there are characteristics or findings in women with...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.03.074
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We sought to compare labor patterns by body mass index (BMI). STUDY DESIGN:A total of 118,978 gravidas with a singleton term cephalic gestation were studied. Repeated-measures analysis constructed mean labor curves by parity and BMI categories for those who reached 10 cm. Interval-censored regression analysi...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.014
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to compare bodyweight and composition (percent fat, fat mass, and fat-free mass) in neonates born to mothers with a normal pregravid body mass index (BMI; < 25 kg/m(2)) vs neonates born to mothers with an overweight/obese pregravid BMI (> or = 25 kg/m(2)). STUDY DESIGN:Seventy-t...
journal_title：American journal of obstetrics and gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.796
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
