Overview of the therapeutic management of insomnia with zolpidem.

abstract：:gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is considered to be the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and loss of GABA inhibition has been clearly implicated in epileptogenesis. GABA interacts with 3 types of receptor: GABAA, GABAB and GABAC. The GABAA receptor has provided an excellent target for the development of d...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Czuczwar SJ,Patsalos PN

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Since 1989, several novel antipsychotic drugs have become available for use including clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone. These agents represent a substantial improvement in the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders and are considered to have a favourable adverse effect profile r...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Trenton A,Currier G,Zwemer F

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dravet syndrome (DS) is a medically refractory epilepsy that onsets in the first year of life with prolonged seizures, often triggered by fever. Over time, patients develop other seizure types (myoclonic, atypical absences, drops), intellectual disability, crouch gait and other co-morbidities (sleep problems, autonomi...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Knupp KG,Wirrell EC

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence-based treatment approaches for generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) comprise psychotherapy, pharmacotherapy, or a combination of the two. First-line pharmacotherapy agents include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, selective serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, and, in certain European guidelines...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Hershenberg R,Gros DF,Brawman-Mintzer O

更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Valproic acid is a versatile antiepileptic drug that is often used in the acute care setting. Intravenous valproic acid lends itself well to a continuous infusion as it exhibits a relatively short half-life. We evaluated the pharmacokinetics and clinical efficacy of continuous infusion valproic acid in hos...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Cook AM,Zafar MS,Mathias S,Stewart AM,Albuja AC,Bensalem-Owen M,Kapoor S,Baumann RJ

更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：INTRODUCTION:Intranasal (IN) insulin acutely improves verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its therapeutic effects may be attenuated in apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) carriers. Furthermore, rapid-acting (RA) insulins may have superior therapeutic effects compared with regular insuli...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Rosenbloom MH,Barclay TR,Pyle M,Owens BL,Cagan AB,Anderson CP,Frey WH 2nd,Hanson LR

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pregabalin, the pharmacologically active S-enantiomer of 3-aminomethyl-5-methylhexanoic acid, possesses anticonvulsant activity. Pregabalin binds with high affinity and specificity to voltage-gated calcium channel alpha(2)-delta proteins. The putative mechanism of action of the drug is reduced excitatory neurotransmit...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Warner G,Figgitt DP

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare, but potentially fatal, adverse reaction that occurs in patients, including children, who are treated with anticonvulsants. During metabolism of the anticonvulsant, toxic arene-oxide compounds are produced. AHS is associated with both cutaneous and systemic symp...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Verrotti A,Trotta D,Salladini C,Chiarelli F

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) is a chronic progressive, usually fatal disease of uncertain pathogenesis that is associated with the presence of mutant measles virus in the CNS. The diagnosis is based on clinical criteria and an elevated titre of measles antibodies in the CSF. Electroencephalography, imagi...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Anlar B

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:New formulations of stimulant medications for the treatment of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have been an important focus for pharmaceutical industry research and development over the past decade. In this article, we review and assess the therapeutic potential of five new stimulant formulations (one ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Connor DF,Steingard RJ

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Female hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) may occur in up to one-third of adult women in the US. The essential feature of female HSDD is a deficiency or absence of sexual fantasies and desire for sexual activity that causes marked distress or interpersonal difficulty. The evaluation of female HSDD generally requ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Warnock JJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is a prevalent and disabling disorder associated with significant co-morbidity. An increased awareness of SAD over the past two decades has given impetus to advances in the pharmacotherapeutic and psychotherapeutic treatment options for this disorder. On the basis of consistent data from ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Muller JE,Koen L,Seedat S,Stein DJ

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glutamatergic, noradrenergic, serotonergic, and cholinergic systems play a critical role in the basal ganglia circuitry. Targeting these non-dopaminergic receptors remains a focus of ongoing research to improve Parkinson's disease (PD) motor symptoms, without the potential side effects of dopamine replacement therapy....

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Gonzalez-Latapi P,Bhowmick SS,Saranza G,Fox SH

更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The common strategy to treat a migraine attack as soon as it begins, made for classical acute antimigraine treatments such as ergotamine and analgesics, has not been transposed to the triptans. The recommendation to delay triptan intake until headache intensity is at least moderate is merely a habit generated by the p...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Schoenen J

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Responses to atomoxetine vary for individual patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, we do not know whether any factors can be used to reliably predict how individuals with ADHD will respond to treatment. OBJECTIVE:Our objective was to evaluate background variables that facil...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Bushe C,Sobanski E,Coghill D,Berggren L,De Bruyckere K,Leppämäki S

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NEDA was evaluated as the proportion of patients free of relapses, 3-month confirmed disability progression, and free of new or newly enlarging T2 lesion and Gadolinium enhancing lesions. ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Papadopoulos D,Mitsikostas DD

更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There have been significant developments in the understanding of depression in children and adolescents in the past few years, including an increased recognition that significant depressive illness occurs in this patient group. Pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments are used to manage depression in children ...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Varley CK

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:There is growing epidemiological evidence that opioids may increase the risk of unintentional injuries and it is plausible that the time of initiation is most critical in that respect. Studies on fall-related injuries remain few, limited and mostly focused on specific groups of elderly patients. OBJECTIVE:T...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Söderberg KC,Laflamme L,Möller J

更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Duloxetine (Cymbalta(R)) is a potent serotonin and noradrenaline (norepinephrine) reuptake inhibitor (SNRI) in the CNS. It is indicated for the treatment of generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) as well as other indications. In patients with GAD of at least moderate severity, oral duloxetine 60-120 mg once daily was effe...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Carter NJ,McCormack PL

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that is pathologically characterized by inflammatory demyelination and neurodegeneration. Axonal damage, along with neuronal loss, occurs from disease onset and may lead to progressive and permanent disability. In contrast with the inflam...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Maghzi AH,Minagar A,Waubant E

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive dysfunction is a major cause of disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The prevalence of cognitive dysfunction is estimated at 45 to 65%. Natural history studies suggest that once cognitive dysfunction develops in a patient with MS, it is not likely to remit. Unlike physical disability in MS, c...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Bagert B,Camplair P,Bourdette D

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The kynurenine pathway constitutes the main route of tryptophan degradation and generates the production of several neuroactive compounds; quinolinic acid is an excitotoxic NMDA receptor agonist, 3-hydroxykynurenine is a free-radical generator and kynurenic acid (KYNA) is an antagonist at glutamate and nicotinic recep...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Erhardt S,Olsson SK,Engberg G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Infections are common in people with dementia, and antibiotic use is widespread, albeit highly variable, across healthcare settings and countries. The few studies conducted to date that consider the appropriateness of antibiotic prescribing specifically for people with dementia focus on people with advanced dementia a...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Parsons C,van der Steen JT

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epileptic encephalopathy is defined as a condition where the epileptic activity itself may contribute to the severe neurological and cognitive impairment seen, over and above that which would be expected from the underlying pathology alone. The epilepsy syndromes at high risk of this are a disparate group of condition...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： McTague A,Cross JH

更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A number of news items and case reports describing complex behaviours (e.g. sleep driving, sleep cooking, sleep eating, sleep conversations, sleep sex) associated with the use of hypnosedative medications have recently received considerable attention. Regulatory agencies examining these reports have subsequently issue...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Dolder CR,Nelson MH

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Tramadol-an atypical opioid analgesic-has a unique pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic profile, with opioidergic, noradrenergic, and serotonergic actions. Tramadol has long been used as a well-tolerated alternative to other drugs in moderate pain because of its opioidergic and monoaminergic activities. However, cumula...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Barakat A

更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Several small studies have shown beneficial effects of ondansetron, a serotonin 5-HT(3) receptor antagonist, in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The efficacy of other 5-HT(3) receptor antagonists in patients with OCD is still unclear. Granisetron does not alter cytochrome P450 activity a...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Askari N,Moin M,Sanati M,Tajdini M,Hosseini SM,Modabbernia A,Najand B,Salimi S,Tabrizi M,Ashrafi M,Hajiaghaee R,Akhondzadeh S

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:At the beginning of the AIDS pandemic, affective disorders (such as depressed mood) were seen in a considerable number of HIV-1-infected individuals. These disorders were a result of the poor physical condition of the patients, brain involvement by the virus (e.g. encephalopathy) or a reaction to disadvantageous livin...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Arendt G

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The molecules that provide access to activated T cells in the CNS, including chemokines, have been considered to be a crucial step in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS). AIMS:In this study, we investigated serial serum chemokine levels in patients with relapsing-remitting MS over 1 year and the ass...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Comini-Frota ER,Teixeira AL,Angelo JP,Andrade MV,Brum DG,Kaimen-Maciel DR,Foss NT,Donadi EA

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this review is to provide clinicians with a picture of the mechanisms by which: histamine and histaminergic agonists act on the vestibular system both peripherally and centrally; and histaminergic agonists and antagonists interfere with the recovery process after peripheral vestibular lesion. We have focuse...

journal_title：CNS drugs

authors： Lacour M,Sterkers O

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00