Abstract:
:Anticonvulsant hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS) is a rare, but potentially fatal, adverse reaction that occurs in patients, including children, who are treated with anticonvulsants. During metabolism of the anticonvulsant, toxic arene-oxide compounds are produced. AHS is associated with both cutaneous and systemic symptoms and is associated with multiorgan involvement. Liver damage, in particular, seems to be associated with fatal outcomes. The pathophysiology of AHS is still uncertain but it may be linked to a genetically determined inability to detoxify reactive drug metabolites. The prompt recognition of the first clinical signs of AHS, and the rapid withdrawal of the anticonvulsant, often avoids the progression of symptoms. Pharmacological treatment is essentially based on systemic corticosteroids in association with enteral nutrition, intravenous fluid augmentation, pain relief and ocular care. Intravenous immunoglobulins may also have a possible therapeutic role in some cases. Diagnostic tests, such as patch tests or in vitro assays, for AHS could help to identify patients at risk of developing the syndrome and could represent a first step of primary prevention when applied to relatives of patients.
journal_name
CNS Drugsjournal_title
CNS drugsauthors
Verrotti A,Trotta D,Salladini C,Chiarelli Fdoi
10.2165/00023210-200216030-00006subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
197-205issue
3eissn
1172-7047issn
1179-1934pii
160306journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
CNS DRUGS文献大全abstract::Frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD) describes a spectrum of clinically, pathologically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders of unknown aetiology. FTLD spectrum disorders collectively represent a leading cause of early-onset dementia, with most cases presenting between 45 and 64 years of age. ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11640070-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since 1989, several novel antipsychotic drugs have become available for use including clozapine, risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine and ziprasidone. These agents represent a substantial improvement in the treatment of schizophrenia and related disorders and are considered to have a favourable adverse effect profile r...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200317050-00002
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite several decades of research, the characteristics distinguishing atypical depression from other depressive subtypes remain ambiguous. Multiple lines of evidence support the designation of atypical depression as a scientifically and clinically relevant subtype, including differences in hormonal responses, brain ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11310990-000000000-00000
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ursolic acid is a pentacyclic triterpenoid found in several plants. Despite its initial use as a pharmacologically inactive emulsifier in pharmaceutical, cosmetic and food industries, several biological activities have been reported for this compound so far, including anti-tumoural, anti-diabetic, cardioprotective and...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0474-4
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although levodopa is considered the most effective pharmacotherapy for motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD), chronic use is associated with motor complications, including fluctuating response and unpredictable, involuntary movements called dyskinesia. ADS-5102 (amantadine) extended-release (ER) capsule...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0498-4
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple sclerosis (MS) has a profound impact on health-related quality of life (HRQoL), a comprehensive subjective measure of the patient's health status. Assessment of HRQoL informs on the potential advantages and disadvantages of disease-modifying drugs (DMDs) beyond their effects on observer-based disability and m...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-017-0444-x
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is difficult to determine the relative efficacy of atypical antipsychotics for the treatment of schizophrenia, based on the available literature. The purpose of this article is to review and compare the efficacy of two atypical antipsychotics: olanzapine and ziprasidone.This review focused on randomised trials in w...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200519060-00003
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::▴ Ziprasidone is a novel antipsychotic drug. It has high affinity for serotonin 5-HT(2) and dopamine D(2) receptors in vitro, with an 11-fold higher affinity for 5-HT(2) than for D(2) receptors, suggestive of a low potential for inducing motor disturbance [including extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS)].▴ The effects of zipr...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00023210-199708020-00006
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methylene blue is a long-established drug with complex pharmacology and multiple clinical indications. Its diverse mechanisms of action are most likely responsible for the large variety of its clinical effects. Of interest to psychiatrists, methylene blue has antidepressant, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective properties ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-019-00641-3
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is an emergency with high mortality requiring neurointensive care. Treatment paradigms include first-generation antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) and anesthetics. Lacosamide (LCM) is a new AED, holding promise as a potent treatment option for RSE. High-level evidence regarding sa...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40263-013-0049-y
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is escalating interest in cell-based therapies to restore lost dopamine inputs in Parkinson's disease. This is based upon the rationale that implanting dopamine progenitors into the striatum can potentially improve dopamine-responsive motor symptoms. A rich body of data describing clinical trials of previous cel...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40263-020-00727-3
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses comprise a group of neurodegenerative lysosomal storage disorders caused by mutations in at least 13 different genes and primarily affect the brain and the retina of children or young adults. The disorders are characterized by progressive neurological deterioration with dementia, epi...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-019-00620-8
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Numerous in vitro and in vivo experimental animal studies have demonstrated that gangliosides, particularly GMI ganglioside (siagoside), may stimulate or accelerate the repair of peripheral and central nervous system neurons after various types of damage. Clinical studies of GMl in peripheral neuropathies and stroke, ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00023210-199401030-00006
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Statins, or 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl coenzyme A reductase inhibitors, such as lovastatin, atorvastatin, simvastatin, pravastatin, fluvastatin, rosuvastatin and pitavastatin, are cholesterol-lowering drugs used in clinical practice to prevent coronary heart disease. These drugs are generally well tolerated and have ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-013-0135-1
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Risperidone (Risperdal), a psychotropic atypical antipsychotic agent, is thought to act via dopamine D(2) and serotonin 5-HT(2A) receptor antagonism. The clinical efficacy of oral risperidone in the treatment of bipolar mania and schizophrenia in adult patients is well established. In the US, risperidone is also appro...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00023210-200822030-00006
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cognitive impairment is prevalent and debilitating among persons with multiple sclerosis (MS). While many pharmacologic treatments have shown good efficacy in reducing clinical relapses, brain lesions, and improving certain physical symptoms, their efficacy for improving cognitive function is not well unde...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-020-00734-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Statins possess neuroprotective effects. However, real-world evidence supporting their utility in post-stroke epilepsy (PSE) prevention is limited. OBJECTIVE:The association between statin use, including timing of prescribing (pre-stroke vs post-stroke), type (lipophilicity, intensity of therapy) and dose i...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0501-0
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Atomoxetine is commonly used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children with a broad range of cognitive abilities. We examined the association between level of cognitive functioning as determined by IQ and clinical response during treatment with atomoxetine. METHODS:The records of ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11590450-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) 1 gene are commonly found in human glioma, with the majority of low-grade gliomas harboring a recurrent point mutation (IDH1 R132H). Mutant IDH reveals an altered enzymatic activity leading to the synthesis of 2-hydroxyglutarate, which has been implicated in epigenetic m...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s40263-019-00684-6
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Thrombolytic therapy reduces stroke size and disability by reperfusion and salvage of ischaemic penumbra. Emerging evidence suggests that retrieved penumbra may be the site of ongoing inflammatory pathology that includes extensive microglial activation. Microglial activation may be associated with excessive ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11588400-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) has a number of severe and disabling consequences, including chronic pain, and around 40% of patients develop persistent neuropathic pain. Pain following SCI has a detrimental impact on the patient's quality of life and is a major specific healthcare problem in its own right. Thus far, there i...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200822060-00002
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clinically relevant movement disorders are identified in 3% of patients with HIV infection seen at tertiary referral centres. In the same setting, prospective follow-up shows that 50% of patients with AIDS develop tremor, parkinsonism or other extrapyramidal features. Hemiballism-hemichorea and tremor are the most com...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200216100-00002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An explosion in antiepileptic drug (AED) therapy began in the 1990s with the licensing of 9 new chemical entities and more to come. Important differences between AEDs may not be detected by regulatory trials, which are designed to satisfy licensing requirements and often diverge considerably from everyday clinical pra...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200115010-00001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dravet syndrome (DS) is one of the most severe forms of drug-resistant epilepsy and available interventions fail to control seizures in most patients. Cannabidiol (CBD) is the first in a new class of antiepileptic drugs with a distinctive chemical structure and mechanism of action. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40263-020-00708-6
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Tianeptine is an antidepressant agent with a novel neurochemical profile. It increases serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) uptake in the brain (in contrast with most antidepressant agents) and reduces stress-induced atrophy of neuronal dendrites. Like the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200115030-00006
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Assessing the risk of stroke in persons with migraine is complicated by the intricate relationship between these two conditions. Both migraine and stroke are common and co-morbidity may, in some cases, be coincidental. Given the overlap of clinical symptoms in stroke and migraine, each condition may also mimic the oth...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200519080-00004
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Given the high heritability of the disorder, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is common among parents of children with ADHD. Parental ADHD is associated with maladaptive parenting, negative parent-child interaction patterns and a diminished response to behavioural parent training. We describe our previo...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/11633910-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::gamma-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is considered to be the major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the brain and loss of GABA inhibition has been clearly implicated in epileptogenesis. GABA interacts with 3 types of receptor: GABAA, GABAB and GABAC. The GABAA receptor has provided an excellent target for the development of d...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200115050-00001
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The original article can be found online. ...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1007/s40263-018-0561-1
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alzheimer's disease affects nearly 5 million Americans currently and, as a result of the baby boomer cohort, is predicted to affect 14 million Americans and 22 million persons totally worldwide in just a few decades. Alzheimer's disease is present in nearly half of individuals aged 85 years. The main symptom of Alzhei...
journal_title:CNS drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00023210-200317090-00004
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00