Abstract：
:Membranous nephropathy (MN), the most common cause of adult-onset nephrotic syndrome (NS) in Caucasians, is associated commonly with the secondary complications of hyperlipidemia and hypercoagulability. These may increase the risk for cardiovascular disease, alter the rate of progression of renal disease, and raise the risk for thromboembolic events. The treatment of these secondary effects remains controversial. Although no clear practice guidelines are available to assist the clinician in deciding how and when to start disease-modifying therapies, the literature provides enough information to make reasonable decisions in most clinical scenarios. Prospective trials in the future will provide definitive information on how to best treat these abnormalities.
journal_name
Semin Nephroljournal_title
Seminars in nephrologyauthors
Nickolas TL,Radhakrishnan J,Appel GBdoi
10.1016/s0270-9295(03)00058-5subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
406-11issue
4eissn
0270-9295issn
1558-4488pii
S0270929503000585journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Membranous nephropathy remains the most common cause of the nephrotic syndrome in adults. Most patients do well with long-term natural history studies reporting a 10-year renal survival of 70% to 90% but the remainder progress to end stage renal failure. This plus the associated morbidity of those with persistent high...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite intensive research over the past three decades, the events leading to pathogenic autoantibody production and immune deposit formation in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus continues to be debated. The controversy is fueled by the clinical observations that individual patients with lupus have variabl...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus (DM) is becoming more common in the United States affecting an estimated 18.2 million Americans. Not only is the number of American's with DM staggering, but so are the medical and economic costs of DM. DM accounts for nearly 15% of all health care costs in the United States. The chronic hyperglycemi...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.09.009
更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the early 1960s, a number of new immunosuppressive agents have been introduced to clinical transplantation. This review will be confined to mechanism of actions, and important gains and concerns of new microemulsion formulation of cyclosporine A (Neoral), mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), FK506, brequinar sodium, sir...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acid-base balance is critical for normal life. Acute and chronic disturbances impact cellular energy metabolism, endocrine signaling, ion channel activity, neuronal activity, and cardiovascular functions such as cardiac contractility and vascular blood flow. Maintenance and adaptation of acid-base homeostasis are most...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.04.004
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An important component of nephrology research is the discovery of novel proteins that control cellular and molecular events that contribute to normal kidney cell biology and disease. Identifying perturbation of normal cellular protein expression and interactions within signaling networks is critical for understanding ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.09.008
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) is increasing in incidence and one third of newly diagnosed cases already are metastatic. The metastatic spread of solid tumors renders RCC incurable by surgical resection and consequently more difficult to treat. New molecular-targeted therapies have played a pivotal role in RCC treatment. ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2019.12.010
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent breakthroughs in genomics have led to a critical reappraisal of factors once thought to initiate common complex forms of kidney disease. The tenet that diabetes mellitus and hypertension routinely initiate kidney disease whenever blood glucose concentrations or systemic blood pressures reach critical levels for...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2010.01.002
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) isoforms are profibrotic cytokines, par excellence, and have complex multifunctional effects on many systems, depending on the biologic setting. Retinoids are vitamin A derivatives that also have diverse effects in development, physiology, and disease. The interactions between thes...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.04.008
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) are the likely cause for necrotizing small-vessel vasculitis and crescentic glomerulonephritis. Unlike other forms of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by immune complexes or anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies that have conspicuous vessel wall immunoglobul...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.08.006
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Toxic nephropathies cause acute and chronic renal failure, primarily as a result of injury to renal tubular epithelium. There is a well-known capacity in the renal nephron for the synchronous occurrence of both apoptosis and necrosis in toxic nephropathies. This has engendered interest in the differing or complementar...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0270-9295(03)00085-8
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cell-based therapy, designed to promote angiogenesis and improve organ function, has been under investigation for the treatment of ischemic heart disease for more than 10 years. Although believed to work primarily by repairing the microvasculature, this form of therapy has not been examined in the setting of chronic k...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.07.012
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of antineoplastic chemotherapeutic drugs may produce fluid and electrolyte disturbances or nephrotoxic reactions extending across the clinical spectrum, from subclinical renal dysfunction to progressive chronic renal insufficiency to severe acute failure. Although some of the drugs that are highly nephrotoxic...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) often causes peritoneal fibrosis and sclerosis with a loss of function, and some CAPD patients develop sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis. Glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids readily produce glucose degradation products by heat sterilization, and glucos...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2004.06.027
更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A review is presented of 164 nephrotic patients who were older than 60 years at the onset of their nephrotic syndrome, together with a review of more than 1,000 patients from the literature. The nephrotic syndrome in elderly patients is as common as in younger adults, but is often misdiagnosed as "heart failure" by pr...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Thrombotic microangiopathy represents the clinical picture of thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia in the setting of small blood vessel thrombosis, accompanied by varying degrees of organ dysfunction. Well known to both nephrologists and hematologists alike, among the most common and best-studied thrombotic microangi...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2012.02.007
更新日期：2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanisms regulating the establishment of the glomerular endothelium and mesangium during glomerulogenesis are not understood. In this article, we discuss two different blood vessel growth processes: vasculogenesis and angiogenesis, with particular attention on how these processes might operate in the developing kidn...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Small lipids such as eicosanoids exert diverse and complex functions. In addition to their role in regulating normal kidney function, these lipids also play important roles in the pathogenesis of kidney diseases. Increased glomerular cyclooxygenase (COX)1 or COX2 expression has been reported in patients with nephritis...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.02.008
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first aldosterone blocker, spironolactone, initially was used as a diuretic but was accompanied by a significant amount of side effects that necessitated the withdrawal of the drug in a relevant number of patients. The discovery of the many receptor-mediated actions of aldosterone in several different organs great...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.04.005
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The very limited ability of adult podocytes to proliferate in vivo is clinically significant because podocytes form a vascular barrier that is functionally critical to the nephron, podocyte hypoplasia is a characteristic of disease, and inadequate regeneration of podocytes is a major cause of persistent podocyte hypop...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.06.008
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compared with Caucasians, African Americans have lower circulating concentrations of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D), the major storage form of vitamin D, leading to the widespread assumption that African Americans are at higher risk of vitamin D deficiency. However, the finding that African Americans maintain better in...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2013.07.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Worldwide, more than 250,000 individuals who have received a liver, heart, lung, or intestinal transplant are living longer. Twenty percent to 25% of these recipients experience perioperative acute renal failure, with 10% to 15% requiring renal replacement therapy. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is also highly prevalent...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.03.010
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Substantial progress has been made in the application of computer-driven methods to provide erythropoietic dosing information for patients with anemia resulting from chronic kidney disease. Initial solutions were simply computerized versions of traditional paper-based anemia management protocols. True personalization ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.05.010
更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Novel erythropoiesis stimulating protein (NESP) is a hyperglycosylated analogue of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) that stimulates erythropoiesis by the same mechanism as the native hormone. The addition of two extra carbohydrate chains, however, gives NESP greater metabolic stability in vivo, and its termin...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The human nuclear genome consists of approximately 3 billion nucleotides. Human beings are 99% similar in DNA sequence to each other, but natural genetic variation in approximately 1% of the DNA sequence is responsible for interindividual differences, including determining who will develop disease and who will remain ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2007.01.003
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vacuolar H(+)-ATPase is a multisubunit protein consisting of a peripheral catalytic domain (V(1)) that binds and hydrolyzes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and provides energy to pump H(+) through the transmembrane domain (V(0)) against a large gradient. This proton-translocating vacuolar H(+)-ATPase is present in bo...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2006.07.004
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardio-Renal syndrome (CRS) is a common and complex clinical condition in which multiple causative factors are involved. The time window between renal insult and development of acute kidney injury (AKI) in acute heart failure (AHF) can be varied in different patients and AKI often is diagnosed too late, only when the ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2011.11.015
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is characterized by bone abnormalities, vascular calcification, and an array of laboratory abnormalities. The latter classically include disturbances in the parathyroid hormone/vitamin D axis. More recently, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and klotho also ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2014.02.007
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cigarette smoking (CS) has been associated with augmented progression of nephropathies responsible for the 4 major causes of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in the United States. CS has well-described ways by which it causes tissue injury in other organ systems and the mechanisms by which it adversely affects nephropat...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0270-9295(03)00037-8
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypertension is growing in prevalence and most of this growth represents isolated systolic hypertension in the elderly. Attempts at prevention are critical but likely are ineffectual. Therefore, the delivery and acceptance of current medical regimens must be improved. ...
journal_title：Seminars in nephrology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semnephrol.2005.02.002
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
