Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:Skin preparation is an important factor in reducing the rate of blood culture contamination. We assessed blood culture contamination rates associated with the use of skin antisepsis kits containing either 2% alcoholic chlorhexidine gluconate or 2% alcoholic tincture of iodine. DESIGN:Prospective, blinded clinical trial. SETTING:Tertiary-care teaching hospital. PATIENTS:Adult patients in medical wards, the medical intensive care unit, and the cardiac intensive care unit who needed paired, percutaneous blood cultures. INTERVENTIONS:House officers, medical students, and healthcare technicians drew the blood for cultures. We prepared sacks containing all of the necessary supplies, including two different types of antiseptic kits. In each sack, one kit contained 2% chlorhexidine in 70% isopropyl alcohol and the other contained 2% tincture of iodine in ethyl alcohol and 70% isopropyl alcohol. Each patient received chlorhexidine at one site and tincture of iodine at the other. RESULTS:Four (0.9%) of 430 blood culture sets from 215 patients were contaminated. The contamination rate when using alcohol and chlorhexidine (1 of 215, 0.5%) did not differ significantly from the contamination rate when using tincture of iodine (3 of 215, 1.4%; P = .62, McNemar test). There was an 87% probability that the two interventions differed by less than 2% in their rate of contamination. CONCLUSIONS:Both of these antiseptic kits were highly effective for skin preparation prior to drawing blood for cultures. The use of these kits may have contributed to the low contamination rate observed in this study.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Trautner BW,Clarridge JE,Darouiche ROdoi
10.1086/502073subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-07-01 00:00:00pages
397-401issue
7eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
ICHE4166journal_volume
23pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The effectiveness of five 30-second handwashes with a non-antiseptic lotion soap to remove nosocomial pathogens (10(8) CFU) applied to fingertips was studied. CFU for all species dropped rapidly after the first handwash; persistence (10 to 15 CFU) was maintained thereafter. Wiping hands with an antiseptic (70% isoprop...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502388
更新日期:2004-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adults more than 40 years old are not necessarily immune to measles. A measles outbreak that involved healthcare workers occurred after contact with a 44-year-old patient. Results of a hospital-wide program of mass screening revealed that 117 (4.5%) of 2,600 individuals tested seronegative for measles; 31 (26.1%) of t...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/519928
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The annual cost of a screening program to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a teaching hospital in Spain was 10,261 Euro. The average cost per MRSA infection was 2,730 Euro; therefore, the cost of the program would be covered if it only prevented 4 infections per year (11% of the total numbe...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/507968
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We propose the use of a machine learning algorithm to improve possible COVID-19 case identification more quickly using a mobile phone-based web survey. This method could reduce the spread of the virus in susceptible populations under quarantine. ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.61
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 2011, institutional requirements for pertussis vaccination of healthcare personnel were reported by nearly one-third of surveyed US hospitals. Requirements often applied to personnel with certain clinical responsibilities, such as those caring for infants. Healthcare personnel who were not on an institution's payro...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/662711
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To characterize occupationally acquired human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection detected through case surveillance efforts in the United States. DESIGN:National surveillance systems, based on voluntary case reporting. SETTING:Healthcare or laboratory (clinical or research) settings. PATIENTS:Healthcar...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502178
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In this study, we aimed to quantify short- and long-term outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the elderly, including all-cause mortality, transfer to a facility, and hospitalizations. DESIGN:Retrospective study using 2011 Medicare claims data, including all elderly persons coded for CDI and a...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.280
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate and determine the cause of an outbreak of Mycobacterium mucogenicum bacteremias in bone marrow transplant (BMT) and oncology patients. DESIGN:Case-control study and culturing of hospital water sources. Isolates were typed using molecular methods. SETTING:University-affiliated, tertiary-care m...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502341
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::An outbreak of invasive Mycobacterium chimaera infections associated with heater-cooler devices (HCDs) has now affected patients in several countries on different continents. Clinical infections are characterized by delayed diagnosis, inadequate treatment response to antimicrobial agents, and poor prognosis. Outbreak ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.283
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiology, interventions, and molecular typing methods used during the investigation and control of concurrent outbreaks of Serratia marcescens and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections in a neonatal intensive-care unit (NICU). SETTING:A 206-bed women's and infants'...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been notifiable in Western Australia since 1985. This article reviews the notification data from 1994 to 1997, focusing on increases in MRSA notifications and the proportion that are local strains; changes in the geographical distribution of MRSA; and changes in a...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501594
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To evaluate the new adult Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ventilator-associated event (VAE) module in critically ill children and compare with the traditionally used CDC definition for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). DESIGN Retrospective observational study of mechanically ventilated ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.135
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the cost-effectiveness of vaccination for hepatitis A. SETTING:Hypothetical analysis of students currently enrolled in medical school in the United States. METHOD:A Markov-based model was developed using data from the literature, actual hospital costs, and an annual discount rate of 5%. The inciden...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647513
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a laboratory study, we demonstrated that 3 alcohol-based hand gels, commercially available in Brazil, were as effective as the traditional 70% ethyl alcohol (by weight) in removing clinical isolates of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Serratia marcescens, and Candida albicans from heavily contaminated h...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/591092
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE National hospital performance measures for C. difficile infection (CD) are available; comparing antibacterial use among performance levels can aid in identifying effective antimicrobial stewardship strategies to reduce CDI rates. DESIGN Hospital-level, cross-sectional analysis. METHODS Hospital characteristi...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.87
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether alcohol hand disinfection is an effective alternative to traditional agents for the pre-surgical scrub. DESIGN:A prospective clinical trial of a 70% isopropanol pre-surgical hand disinfectant. SETTING:The operating room suites at two hospital sites in British Columbia. METHODS:Cases we...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501835
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) bloodstream infections (BSIs) are associated with increased morbidity and mortality. OBJECTIVE:To determine the hospital costs and length of stay attributable to VRE BSI and vancomycin-sensitive Enterococcus (VSE) BSI and the independent effect of vancomycin resistanc...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/649020
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observational studies compare outcomes among subjects with and without an exposure of interest, without intervention from study investigators. Observational studies can be designed as a prospective or retrospective cohort study or as a case-control study. In healthcare epidemiology, these observational studies often t...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.118
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE The relationship between hospital antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance is poorly understood. We evaluated the association between antibiotic utilization and resistance in academic and community hospitals in Ontario, Canada. METHODS We conducted a multicenter observational ecological study of 37 hospitals...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.222
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aerobic gram-negative bacillus (AGNB) groin skin carriage was prospectively studied in ambulatory geriatric outpatients: 42 from three nursing homes and 44 from private homes. Initially, 12 (28.6%) Proteeae carriers were in the former group and 3 (6.8%) were in the latter (P = 0.01). At one year, 6 of 7 surviving nurs...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645990
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate a possible nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Community hospital. METHODS:We reviewed medical records, hospital infection control measures, and potential locations of nosocomial exposure. We examined the results of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sme...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502144
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A before-after-before direct comparison between catheters lined with chlorhexidine and silver sulfadiazine (CHSS) versus silver ionotrophes (SI) with a primary objective of comparison of rate of central-line-associated infection (CLABSI) in three 10-month windows. The CHSS catheters were associated with a lower rate o...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.423
更新日期:2020-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::Among 300 advanced cancer patients with potential urinary tract infection (UTI), 19 had symptomatic UTI. Among remaining patients (n = 281), 21% had asymptomatic bacteriuria or candiduria, and 14% received inappropriate therapy for 279 antimicrobial days. Bacteriuria or candiduria predicted antimicrobial therapy. At 1...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.22
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the feasibility of implementing a standardized performance measure for collecting and reporting influenza vaccination rates among healthcare personnel, qualitative, semistructured interviews were conducted with key informants in 32 healthcare facilities. Despite practical and logistical challenges to imp...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/667375
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared cleaning rates associated with use of a white ultraviolet (UV) powder versus a transparent UV gel among units with various degrees of previous experience with UV powder. The study outcome was the presence of discordant cleaning (removal of powder without the removal of gel, or vice versa). We found higher ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/663713
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Describe the clinical and molecular epidemiology of incident Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) cases in Chicago area acute healthcare facilities (HCFs). DESIGN AND SETTING:Laboratory, clinical, and epidemiologic information was collected for patients with incident CDI who were admitted to acute HCFs in F...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/661283
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated an outbreak of postoperative shoulder arthritis due to Propionibacterium acnes infection in nondebilitated patients. Risk factors were male sex, the order in which surgery was performed during the daily operating schedule, and increased duration of the surgical procedure. After modification of the vent...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/507287
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe an outbreak of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) ST398 in a nursing home in the Netherlands. Seven residents and 4 healthcare workers were identified with MRSA ST398, but 2 of the healthcare workers carried other strains. This study demonstrates that MRSA ST398 can spread in nursing homes....
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/665726
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this prospective study, we monitored 4 epidemiologically important pathogens (EIPs): methicillin-resistane Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), Clostridium difficile, and multidrug-resistant (MDR) Acinetobacter to assess the effectiveness of 3 enhanced disinfection strategies for te...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.165
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study the relationship between serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total serum cholesterol, and nosocomial infection in patients undergoing general surgery. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study, with an extended follow-up to 1 month after hospital discharge. SETTING:The general surgery service...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647494
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00