Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:In this study, we aimed to quantify short- and long-term outcomes of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) in the elderly, including all-cause mortality, transfer to a facility, and hospitalizations. DESIGN:Retrospective study using 2011 Medicare claims data, including all elderly persons coded for CDI and a sample of uninfected persons. Analysis of propensity score-matched pairs and the entire population stratified by the propensity score was used to determine the risk of all-cause mortality, new transfer to a long-term care facility (LTCF), and short-term skilled nursing facility (SNF), and subsequent hospitalizations within 30, 90, and 365 days. RESULTS:The claims records of 174,903 patients coded for CDI were compared with those of 1,318,538 control patients. CDI was associated with increased risk of death (odds ratio [OR], 1.77; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.74-1.81; attributable mortality, 10.9%), new LTCF transfer (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.67-1.82), and new SNF transfer (OR, 2.52; 95% CI, 2.46-2.58) within 30 days in matched-pairs analyses. In a stratified analysis, CDI was associated with greatest risk of 30-day all-cause mortality in persons with lowest baseline probability of CDI (hazard ratio [HR], 3.04; 95% CI, 2.83-3.26); the risk progressively decreased as the baseline probability of CDI increased. CDI was also associated with increased risk of subsequent 30-day, 90-day, and 1-year hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS:CDI was associated with increased risk of short- and long-term adverse outcomes, including transfer to short- and long-term care facilities, hospitalization, and all-cause mortality. The magnitude of mortality risk varied depending on baseline probability of CDI, suggesting that even lower-risk patients may benefit from interventions to prevent CDI.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Olsen MA,Stwalley D,Demont C,Dubberke ERdoi
10.1017/ice.2018.280subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
65-71issue
1eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
S0899823X18002805journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine whether hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) decontamination can reduce environmental contamination with and nosocomial transmission of Clostridium difficile. DESIGN:A prospective before-after intervention study. SETTING:A hospital affected by an epidemic strain of C. difficile. INTERVENTION:Intensiv...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/589906
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate prospectively the clinical course and risk factors for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) and the impact of VAT on intensive care unit (ICU) morbidity and mortality. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:University Hospital Larissa, Larissa, Greece. PATIENTS:Critical care patie...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/671274
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infection control in the long-term-care facility has expanded substantially since "Topics in Long-Term Care" debuted in this journal in 1989. This section has been on hiatus, but now, after a 4-year lag, resumes its exploration of these topics. In the first article, endemic and epidemic infections in long-term care ar...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/647831
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To ascertain the microbiology of skin abscesses, emergency department records were reviewed to identify patients with debrided skin abscesses. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was isolated from 255 (67.6%) of 377 culture samples from episodes in the adult cohort and from 145 (79.7%) of 182 culture samples f...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/516799
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vancomycin is a commonly prescribed empiric antibiotic used when methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infection is suspected. In this study, we aimed to determine the rate of culture-positive infection requiring vancomycin therapy. ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2018.123
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A patient with no risk factors for malaria was hospitalized in New York City with Plasmodium falciparum infection. After investigating all potential sources of infection, we concluded the patient had been exposed to malaria while hospitalized less than 3 weeks earlier. Molecular genotyping implicated patient-to-patien...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2015.236
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:OBJECTIVE To summarize and discuss logistic and administrative challenges we encountered during the Benefits of Enhanced Terminal Room (BETR) Disinfection Study and lessons learned that are pertinent to future utilization of ultraviolet (UV) disinfection devices in other hospitals DESIGN Multicenter cluster randomized...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1017/ice.2017.268
更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To characterize the probability and duration of viral shedding among adults given trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV). DESIGN:Prospective surveillance study. METHODS:Nasal wash samples were collected from adult volunteers at baseline and on days 3, 7, and 10 and between days 17 and 21 followi...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/502574
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A case-control study was conducted on an epidemic of bacteremia and meningitis caused by Serratia marcescens in the neonatal intensive care unit and special care nursery of a general hospital in Mexico City, Mexico. A 19.9% incidence of bacteremia and meningitis was recorded in contrast to 1.4% and 3.7% during preepid...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/645909
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the attributable risk of death due to catheter-related septicemia (CRS) in critically ill patients when taking into account severity of illness during the intensive-care unit (ICU) stay but before CRS. DESIGN:Pairwise-matched (1:2) exposed-unexposed study. SETTING:10-bed medical-surgical ICU an...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/501639
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assess the impact of revised International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, codes on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus burden in California hospitals. Codes were rapidly adopted, demonstrating new capture of colonization and continued relatively stable capture of infections. Nevertheless, despi...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/673444
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has been notifiable in Western Australia since 1985. This article reviews the notification data from 1994 to 1997, focusing on increases in MRSA notifications and the proportion that are local strains; changes in the geographical distribution of MRSA; and changes in a...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/501594
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the ability of hospital air handling systems to filter Aspergillus, other fungi, and particles following the implosion of an adjacent building; to measure the quantity and persistence of airborne fungi and particles at varying distances during a building implosion; and to determine whether manipula...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/502100
更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:OBJECTIVE To evaluate the new adult Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) ventilator-associated event (VAE) module in critically ill children and compare with the traditionally used CDC definition for ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). DESIGN Retrospective observational study of mechanically ventilated ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2016.135
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the safety and cost-effectiveness of replacing the intravenous (IV) tubing sets in hospitalized patients at 4- to 7-day intervals instead of every 72 hours. DESIGN:Prospective, randomized study of infusion-related contamination associated with changing IV tubing sets within 3 days versus within ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1086/501879
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the association between chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) concentration on skin and resistant bacterial bioburden. CHG was almost always detected on the skin, and detection of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, and vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus on skin site...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2019.265
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Water cultures were significantly more sensitive than concurrently collected swab cultures (n=2,147 each) in detecting Legionella pneumophila within a Veterans Affairs healthcare system. Sensitivity for water versus swab cultures was 90% versus 30% overall, 83% versus 48% during a nosocomial Legionnaires' disease outb...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2017.235
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of asymptomatic carriage of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) among healthcare professionals (HCPs) who experience varying degrees of exposure to ambulatory patients and to genetically characterize isolates. METHODS:This single-center, cross-sectiona...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/652525
更新日期：2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare the cost of hospitalization of patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bloodstream infection (BSI) versus patients with methicillin-sensitive S. aureus (MSSA) BSI, controlling for severity of underlying illness; and to identify risk factors associated with MRSA BSI. DESIG...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/502417
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From 2000 to 2009, rates of multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumanii increased 10-fold to 0.2 per 1,000 patient days. From 2010 to 2015, however, rates markedly declined and have stayed below 0.05 per 1,000 patient days. Herein, we present a 15-year trend analysis and discuss interventions that may have led to the d...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2018.52
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Ertapenem exposure has been reported to select for cross-resistance to other carbapenems in Pseudomonas aeruginosa in vitro. Single-center investigations report conflicting results. We evaluated ertapenem use and antipseudomonal carbapenem susceptibility for 6 years spanning the time of ertapenem adoption at ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1086/652154
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Multidrug-resistant Enterobacteriaceae pose a serious infection control challenge and have emerged as a public health threat. We examined national trends in the proportion of Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates resistant to carbapenems (CRKP) and third-generation cephalosporins (G3CRKP). DESIGN AND SETTING:Retros...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/669523
更新日期：2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of the more than 200,000 patients who undergo open heart surgery annually in the United States, 2% to 10% will develop a post-operative infection related to their surgery. The economic impact of such infections on hospitals under the prospective payment system is unclear. To study the effect of such infections on hosp...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/646127
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An outbreak of gastroenteritis caused by Norwalk-like virus occurred in two areas of the hospital: area 1, consisting of three adjacent and interconnected wards, with mostly elderly patients; and area 22, an acute ward in a separate building with elderly patients. In area 1, 40 patients and 20 staff were affected; in ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/647676
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report on COVID-19 risk among HCWs exposed to a patient diagnosed with COVID-19 on day 13 of hospitalization. There were 44 HCWs exposed to the patient before contact and droplet precautions were implemented: of these, 2 of 44 (5%) developed COVID-19 potentially attributable to the exposure. ...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2020.256
更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the relative importance of independent risk factors for peripheral intravenous catheter (PIVC) failure. METHODS:Secondary data analysis from a randomized controlled trial of PIVC dwell time. The Prentice, Williams, and Peterson statistical model was used to identify and compare risk factors for phl...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1086/674398
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report the effect of prospective audit and feedback (PAF) on inpatient fluoroquinolone (FQN) prescriptions. During the PAF period, FQN use decreased from 39.19 to 29.58 days of therapy per 1,000 patient days (P < .001) and appropriateness improved from 68% to 88% (P < .001). High-yield indications to target include...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2020.339
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The usefulness of routine annual tuberculin skin testing (purified protein derivative [PPD]) of hospital employees has been questioned. Between 1984 and the end of 1987 the PPD conversion rates of hospital employees at a university and psychiatric hospital in North Florida were compared. The number of employees in bot...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/645922
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To develop an automated method for ventilator-associated condition (VAC) surveillance and to compare its accuracy and efficiency with manual VAC surveillance SETTING:The intensive care units (ICUs) of 4 hospitals METHODS:This study was conducted at Detroit Medical Center, a tertiary care center in metropoli...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1017/ice.2015.127
更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twelve nosocomial outbreaks over 14 years at a tertiary-care center in Mexico are described. Overall mortality was 25.8%, one half due to pneumonia. The most common organism was Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Incidence was three outbreaks per 10,000 discharges; outbreak-related infections comprised 1.56% of all nosocomial in...
journal_title：Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1086/501800
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
