Genetics and general cognitive ability (g).

abstract：:Bayesian explanations have swept through cognitive science over the past two decades, from intuitive physics and causal learning, to perception, motor control and language. Yet people flounder with even the simplest probability questions. What explains this apparent paradox? How can a supposedly Bayesian brain reason ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sanborn AN,Chater N

更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite normative declines in old age, healthy elderly typically report surprisingly high levels of well-being. It is not clear why this is so. A study by Brassen and colleagues suggests that one factor may be reduced responsiveness to regret. These findings highlight the role of emotion regulation in successful aging...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Suri G,Gross JJ

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Studies of language change have begun to contribute to answering several pressing questions in cognitive sciences, including the origins of human language capacity, the social construction of cognition and the mechanisms underlying culture change in general. Here, we describe recent advances within a new emerging fram...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hruschka DJ,Christiansen MH,Blythe RA,Croft W,Heggarty P,Mufwene SS,Pierrehumbert JB,Poplack S

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For many years the cognitive processes underlying recognition memory have been the subject of considerable interest in experimental psychology. To account for a broad range of behavioral findings, psychologists have put forward a variety of 'dual-process' models, all of which propose that recognition memory is support...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rugg MD,Yonelinas AP

更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cognitive neuroscience, brain-behaviour relationships are usually mapped onto a 2D cortical sheet. Cortical layers are a critical but often ignored third dimension of human cortical function. Improved resolution has put us on the threshold of beginning to image human cognition in three dimensions. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Kuehn E,Sereno MI

更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic cognitive functions, such as the abilities to activate, represent, maintain, focus and process information, decline with age. A paradigm shift towards cross-level conceptions is needed in order to obtain an integrative understanding of cognitive aging phenomena that cuts across neural, information-processing, an...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Li SC,Lindenberger U,Sikström S

更新日期：2001-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The origins and nature of hemispheric specialization of action control are unclear. A review of some recent evidence suggests that the right hemisphere interprets spatial relationships whereas the left deals with temporal control of movement. Contrary to the popular view, specialization of the right hemisphere for spa...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Bradshaw JL

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent discoveries on the organisation of the cortical connectome together with novel data on the dynamics of neuronal interactions require an extension of classical concepts on information processing in the cerebral cortex. These new insights justify considering the brain as a complex, self-organised system with nonl...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Singer W

更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Congenital prosopagnosia refers to the deficit in face processing that is apparent from early childhood in the absence of any underlying neurological basis and in the presence of intact sensory and intellectual function. Several such cases have been described recently and elucidating the mechanisms giving rise to this...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Behrmann M,Avidan G

更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:What makes us conscious? Many theories that attempt to answer this question have appeared recently in the context of widespread interest about consciousness in the cognitive neurosciences. Most of these proposals are formulated in terms of the information processing conducted by the brain. In this overview, we survey ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Atkinson AP,Thomas MS,Cleeremans A

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prefrontal cortical (PFC) working memory functions depend on pyramidal cell networks that interconnect on dendritic spines. Recent research has revealed that the strength of PFC network connections can be rapidly and reversibly increased or decreased by molecular signaling events within slender, elongated spines: a pr...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Arnsten AF,Paspalas CD,Gamo NJ,Yang Y,Wang M

更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A growing body of studies suggests that neurological and mental abnormalities foster conformity to norms of rationality that are widely endorsed in economics and psychology, whereas normality stands in the way of rationality thus defined. Here, we outline the main findings of these studies, discuss their implications ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hertwig R,Volz KG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The domain-general learning mechanisms elicited in incidental learning situations are of potential interest in many research fields, including language acquisition, object knowledge formation and motor learning. They have been the focus of studies on implicit learning for nearly 40 years. Stemming from a different res...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Perruchet P,Pacton S

更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The study of processes underlying the interpretation of language often produces evidence that they are complete and occur incrementally. However, computational linguistics has shown that interpretations are often effective even if they are underspecified. We present evidence that similar underspecified representations...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Sanford A,Sturt P

更新日期：2002-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasingly, online platforms are being used to deliver psychotherapy. This, along with the growth in computational psychiatry, provides scientists with new opportunities to quantify how patient-therapist relationships relate to treatment outcomes. We argue that it is necessary to investigate markers and mechanisms t...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Ryu J,Banthin DC,Gu X

更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:How do we decide what we perceive? Obviously, we base our decisions on sensory evidence. However, a new and surprising study by Hagura et al. shows that our perceptual decisions are also biased by the action costs that are associated with our decisions. ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： de Lange FP,Fritsche M

更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This review describes the functional anatomy of word comprehension and production. Data from functional neuroimaging studies of normal subjects are used to determine the distributed set of brain regions that are engaged during particular language tasks and data from studies of patients with neurological damage are use...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Price CJ

更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The concept of the brain as a prediction machine has enjoyed a resurgence in the context of the Bayesian brain and predictive coding approaches within cognitive science. To date, this perspective has been applied primarily to exteroceptive perception (e.g., vision, audition), and action. Here, I describe a predictive,...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Seth AK

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Delays in sensorimotor loops have led to the proposal that reaching movements are primarily under pre-programmed control and that sensory feedback loops exert an influence only at the very end of a trajectory. The present review challenges this view. Although behavioral data suggest that a motor plan is assembled prio...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Desmurget M,Grafton S

更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has long been recognized that the striatum is composed of distinct functional sub-units that are part of multiple cortico-striatal-thalamic circuits. Contemporary research has focused on the contribution of striatal sub-regions to three main phenomena: learning of associations between stimuli, actions and rewards; ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Liljeholm M,O'Doherty JP

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) reflects a primary inhibitory executive function deficit has spurred a substantial literature. However, empirical findings and methodological issues challenge the etiologic primacy of inhibitory and executive deficits in ADHD. Based on accumulating ev...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Castellanos FX,Sonuga-Barke EJ,Milham MP,Tannock R

更新日期：2006-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to remain focused on goal-relevant stimuli in the presence of potentially interfering distractors is crucial for any coherent cognitive function. However, simply instructing people to ignore goal-irrelevant stimuli is not sufficient for preventing their processing. Recent research reveals that distractor p...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Lavie N

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cognitive science might almost be defined as several disciplines communicating their different perspectives on the mind, the common object of study. However, domain-specific concepts and techniques can prevent, rather than foster, a communication of viewpoints. In this article, we develop a new framework for visual ca...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Gosselin F,Schyns PG

更新日期：2002-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From its academic beginnings the theory of human action control has distinguished between endogenously driven, intentional action and exogenously driven, habitual, or automatic action. We challenge this dual-route model and argue that attempts to provide clear-cut and straightforward criteria to distinguish between in...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Hommel B,Wiers RW

更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Categorization is a fundamental process whereby variable perceptual inputs are reduced progressively to a small number of equivalence classes, called 'categories'. How do theorists frame the categorization problem so that variable face, object and scene information is stabilized for higher-level processing? One approa...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Schyns PG

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain during healthy aging exhibits gradual deterioration of structure but maintains a high level of cognitive ability. These structural changes are often accompanied by reorganization of functional brain networks. Existing neurocognitive theories of aging have argued that such changes are either beneficial or det...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Naik S,Banerjee A,Bapi RS,Deco G,Roy D

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A new brain imaging study demonstrates that patients with autism have a strikingly different pattern of brain activity compared with control subjects. During cognitive tasks, cortical areas known as the "default state" network--areas that have been implicated in both self-referential processing and processing of socia...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Iacoboni M

更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:According to dual-process models, recognition memory is supported by distinct retrieval processes known as familiarity and recollection. Important evidence supporting the dual-process framework has come from studies using event-related brain potentials (ERPs). These studies have identified two topographically distinct...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Rugg MD,Curran T

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ever since Galton's classic demonstration of the wisdom of crowds in estimating the weight of a slaughtered ox, scholars of the mind and the public alike have been fascinated by the counterintuitive accuracy achieved by simply averaging a number of people's estimates. Surprisingly, individuals can, to some extent, har...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Herzog SM,Hertwig R

更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sociality and cooperation are benefits to human cultures but may carry unexpected costs. We suggest that both the human experience of pain and the expression of distress may result from many causes not experienced as painful in our close primate relatives, because human ancestors motivated to ask for help survived in ...

journal_title：Trends in cognitive sciences

authors： Finlay BL,Syal S

更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00