Abstract:
:Oxytocin (OT) is a hypothalamic nonapeptide that is synthesized as part of a larger precursor protein that also contains an approximately 10-kDa protein called neurophysin at its C-terminus. This precursor protein is trafficked through the regulated secretory pathway into secretory granules and then axonally transported to and secreted from nerve terminals in the neural lobe of the pituitary. In this paper, we show that the AI-03 transgene that contains enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fused to the end of the neurophysin at the C-terminus of the OT pre-prohormone, is expressed selectively in OT-magnocellular neurons and is trafficked to secretory granules in transgenic mice. The EGFP-containing secretory granules are then transported to OT-neurosecretory terminals in the neurohypophysis, where the EGFP fluorescence undergoes depolarization-induced calcium-dependent secretion. The endogenous fluorescence in the neural lobes is sufficiently intense to image secretory events in individual OT nerve terminals (neurosecretosomes) isolated from the posterior pituitaries in these transgenic mice.
journal_name
Endocrinologyjournal_title
Endocrinologyauthors
Zhang BJ,Kusano K,Zerfas P,Iacangelo A,Young WS 3rd,Gainer Hdoi
10.1210/endo.143.3.8700subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-03-01 00:00:00pages
1036-46issue
3eissn
0013-7227issn
1945-7170journal_volume
143pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
ENDOCRINOLOGY文献大全abstract::Androgens and estrogens play major roles in cell differentiation, cell growth, and peptide secretion in steroid target tissues. In addition to the binding of these hormones to their receptors, formation and metabolism are important in the action of steroids. Metabolism of the potent steroid hormones includes glucuroni...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.2.7958
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prenatal dexamethasone exposure (PDE) induces multiorgan developmental toxicities in offspring. Here we verified the transgenerational inheritance effect of ovarian developmental toxicity by PDE and explored its intrauterine programming mechanism. Pregnant rats subcutaneously received 0.2 mg/kg/d dexamethasone from ge...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2018-00044
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Specific binding of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG), and the hCG-sensitive adenyl cyclase of granulosa cells from small (1-2 mm), medium (3-5 mm), and large (6-12 mm) porcine ovarian follicles have been studied. The number of hCG-binding sites per cell (n) increases during follicle maturation without a change in th...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-99-1-42
更新日期:1976-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Galanin-like peptide (GALP), a 29-amino-acid neuropeptide, is located in the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus (ARC), binds to galanin receptor subtype 2, and induces food intake upon intracerebroventricular (icv) injection in rats. However, neural mechanisms underlying its orexigenic action remain unclear. We aimed to ide...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-0907
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plasma concentrations of IGF-1 decrease markedly during starvation secondary to a reduction in somatotropic receptors in the liver. We investigated whether IGF-1 administration during starvation in mice inhibits the catabolic state normally observed. Plasma concentrations of IGF-1 in starved mice receiving IGF-1 thera...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-125-5-2793
更新日期:1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The circadian rhythm of glucocorticoids affects diverse physiological systems, including stress responses and the coordination of rhythmic functions in peripheral and central tissues. Circadian clocks are considered to be important coordinators of glucocorticoid release and loss of the core clock component Brain and m...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2016-1330
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Monolayer cultures of mouse adrenal tumor cell line Y-1 have been used to investigate the effects of glucocorticoid on cell replication, [3H]thymidine incorporation into the trichloroacetic acid-precipitated cell fraction, steroidogenesis, and the ACTH receptors of adrenocortical cells. Corticosterone at a concentrati...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-104-2-487
更新日期:1979-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two corticotropin-releasing factor 2 receptor (CRF2R)-selective peptides have been recently described, urocortin II (also known as stresscopin-related peptide) and urocortin III (stresscopin). We have used urocortin II to evaluate the effects of activation of the CRF2R on skeletal muscle-related physiological processe...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2003-0271
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although cells of the osteoblast lineage express functional ERs, direct effects of estrogen on bone formation remain obscure. In the present study, we have investigated estrogen effects on osteoblastic and adipocytic differentiation from a mouse bone marrow stromal cell line, ST-2, which had been manipulated to overex...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.143.6.8854
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclin D1 encodes the regulatory subunit of a holoenzyme that phosphorylates and inactivates the retinoblastoma protein and promotes progression through the G1-S phase of the cell cycle. Amplification or overexpression of cyclin D1 plays pivotal roles in the development of a subset of human cancers including parathyro...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1210/en.2004-0959
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly conserved region in the PTH promoter was identified using the basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) 2 Sequences comparison. Strong specific complexes were observed with a DNA probe that contained much of the computer-derived conserved sequence in the EMSA using bovine parathyroid gland (bPTG) nuclear extr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2003-0119
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two receptors (CRH receptor type 1 and CRH receptor type 2) have been identified for the stress-induced neuropeptide, CRH and related peptides, urocortin, and urocortin II. We previously found marked down-regulation of cardiac CRH receptor type 2 expression following administration of bacterial endotoxin, lipopolysacc...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.8.8342
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to estrogens is associated with an increased risk of developing breast, cervical, and liver cancer. Estrogens strongly induce the human granzyme B inhibitor, proteinase inhibitor 9 (PI-9). Because cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and natural killer (NK) cells use the granzyme pathway to induce apoptosis of targ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-0996
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The direct effects of glucocorticoids on testicular LH receptor content and steroidogenesis were studied in vivo and in vitro. Immature hypophysectomized rats were treated with varying doses of dexamethasone, corticosterone, or a synthetic progestin, 17,21-dimethyl-19-nor-pregna-4,9-diene-3,20-dione (R5020). Some anim...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-108-6-2142
更新日期:1981-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::As a metabolic sensor, the serine/threonine protein kinase AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) promotes the adaptation of cells to signals arising from nutrients, hormones, and growth factors. The ability of IGF-I to stimulate protein synthesis is suppressed by AMPK, therefore, these studies were undertaken to determi...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2011-0155
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Various neuropeptides have recently been isolated from the thymus, suggesting an interaction between the neuroendocrine and immune systems. We report here that the human thymus synthesizes a further peptide hormone, namely atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP). This is documented by the following findings. ANP and its proh...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-5-2277
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The primate brain was thought to contain only the GnRH known as mammalian GnRH (mGnRH). This study investigates whether a second form of GnRH exists within the primate brain. We found that brain extracts from adult stumptail and rhesus monkeys contained two forms of GnRH that were similar to mGnRH and chicken GnRH-II ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.138.12.5592
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the present study we examined the mechanisms involved in the activation of the hypothalamo-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis after administration of the glucose analog 2-deoxyglucose (2-DG), which inhibits intracellular glucose use. Adult male rats were injected with either 2-DG (400 mg/kg body wt ip) or vehicle and wer...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.4.8137760
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The roles of growth hormone and somatomedin in stimulating muscle cell proliferation were investigated in a series of experiments on myoblast growth in culture. At levels 100 times normal circulating concentrations, neither growth hormone nor insulin stimulated growth of rat muscle cells in serum-free medium. In contr...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-101-1-32
更新日期:1977-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kisspeptin regulates reproductive events, including puberty and ovulation, primarily via GnRH neurons. Prolonged treatment of prepubertal striped bass females with kisspeptin (Kiss) 1 or Kiss2 peptides failed to enhance puberty but suggested a gnrh-independent pituitary control pathway. Kiss2 inhibited, but Kiss1 stim...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2013-1894
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A substantial body of experimental evidence indicates that serotonin (5-HT) and several synthetic 5-HT receptor agonists activate the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. To explore the mechanism(s) by which 5-HT or 5-HT agonists enhance the activity of the HPA axis in vitro, we examined the stimulatory effects ...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-126-4-1888
更新日期:1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations in Na(+)-glucose transporters (SGLT)-2 and hepatocyte nuclear factor (HNF)-1alpha genes have been related to renal glycosuria and maturity-onset diabetes of the young 3, respectively. However, the expression of these genes have not been investigated in type 1 and type 2 diabetes. Here in kidney of diabetic r...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2007-1088
更新日期:2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::GnRH neurons are central regulators of reproduction and respond to factors affecting fertility, such as stress. Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is released during stress response. In brain slices from unstressed controls, CRH has opposite, estradiol-dependent effects on GnRH neuron firing depending on the CRH re...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endocr/bqaa140
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies from our laboratory demonstrated that daily afternoon melatonin injections from 20-40 days of age inhibited sexual development of young male rats, whereas in adult animals, similar injections had no effect. The present study was designed to determine more precisely the critical age period during which...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-115-6-2303
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Because there are sex differences in feeding behavior in rats, we looked for a possible sex difference in the response to glucose of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons in the lateral hypothalamic area using phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (pCREB) as a marker of neural activity. Intact mal...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/en.2005-0078
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Carboxypeptidase H (CP-H, EC 3.4.17.10) removes C-terminal basic amino acids from insulin and many other peptide hormone intermediates in endocrine and neural tissues. CP-H was studied in two rat insulinoma-derived clonal beta-cell lines that were chosen in part because their profile of hormone production is restricte...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.131.3.1505450
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Anorexia is a debilitating manifestation of many malignancies. The etiology of cancer anorexia is poorly understood, and effective treatment options are limited. To investigate the role of central melanocortin receptor signaling in the pathogenesis of cancer anorexia, we assessed the effects on food intake of the mela...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.142.8.8324
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have shown that nonlactogenic rat (r) GH is far more potent than rPRL in inducing rat mammary development. To determine the relative roles of GH and PRL in mammary development and their mechanisms of action, we have compared the abilities of a group of native and mutant GHs, PRLs, and placental lactogens (PLs) to i...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.133.4.8404600
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amiodarone, a potent antiarrhythmic drug, contains 37.2% iodine by weight and may induce either hypo- or hyperthyroidism. The high iodine content of amiodarone may be responsible for both complications, but a cytotoxic effect of the drug on the thyroid resulting in thyroiditis has been reported. In the present study t...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo.134.5.8156930
更新日期:1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::AtT20/D16v is a clonal strain of mouse pituitary tumor cells which synthesizes and secretes ACTH. Somatostatin, a hypothalamic tetradecapeptide, has been shown to inhibit the release of PRL, GH, and TSH from the pituitary gland. We have characterized specific binding sites for somatostatin on AtT20/D16v cells and demo...
journal_title:Endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1210/endo-108-1-281
更新日期:1981-01-01 00:00:00