Abstract：
:Atrial fibrillation is the most common cardiac arrhythmia with an overall prevalence of almost 1%. Increasing prevalence and associated risks such as stroke and mortality have increased the need for better and more reliable therapeutic treatment. This has stimulated research to elucidate the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying atrial fibrillation. Atrial fibrillation is primarily characterised by electrical remodelling and functional deterioration. Both phenomena are reversible but after prolonged duration of atrial fibrillation, a discrepancy occurs between rapid electrical remodelling and slow recovery of contractile function. Recent studies have indicated that morphological remodelling might underlie this incongruity. In experimental models of lone atrial fibrillation, the remodelling involves cellular changes that are reminiscent of dedifferentiation and are characterised by cellular volume increase, myolysis, glycogen accumulation, mitochondrial changes and chromatin redistribution. The absence of clear signs of degeneration in these models points towards cardiomyocyte adaptation or a mechanism of programmed cell survival. In patients with atrial fibrillation cardiomyocyte degeneration does occur along with dedifferentiation which might be the result of underlying cardiac pathologies or longer duration of atrial fibrillation. In this review we focus on structural remodelling during atrial fibrillation. The different aspects of histological and ultrastructural changes as well as their role in atrial dysfunction and cardiomyocyte survival are discussed. We briefly describe the underlying molecular remodelling. and possible mechanisms responsible for remodelling involving calcium overload and stretch are presented.
journal_name
Cardiovasc Resjournal_title
Cardiovascular researchauthors
Thijssen VL,Ausma J,Borgers Mdoi
10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00367-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-10-01 00:00:00pages
14-24issue
1eissn
0008-6363issn
1755-3245pii
S0008636301003674journal_volume
52pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:Sphingosine 1-phosphate is a naturally occurring biologically active lysophospholipid. Recent studies suggested that sphingosine 1-phosphate is released into the blood flow from activated platelets upon stimulation to exert multiple biological phenomenon. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(00)00013-4
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine whether exercise training could precondition the myocardium against hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-induced damage. METHODS:Male Fischer 344 rats ran on a treadmill for 9 weeks (60 min/day, 22 m/min, 6 degrees grade, 5 days/week). Isolated perfused working hearts from ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(03)00285-2
更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since data on velocity fields in the ascending aorta downstream of normal aortic valves in pigs have not yet been obtained velocity profiles were visualised using a hot film anemometer needle probe before and after total cardiopulmonary bypass and cold cardioplegic arrest. Furthermore, measurements were made during in...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/22.7.464
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mitochondria are often regarded as the powerhouse of the cell by generating the ultimate energy transfer molecule, ATP, which is required for a multitude of cellular processes. However, the role of mitochondria goes beyond their capacity to create molecular fuel, to include the generation of reactive oxygen species, t...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvs111
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Hereditary long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a genetically heterogeneous disease characterized by prolonged QT intervals and an increased risk for ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death. Mutations in the voltage-gated potassium channel subunit KCNQ1 induce the most common form of LQTS. KCNQ1 is associated ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2005.05.003
更新日期：2005-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Cholinergic vasodilation has been thought to play little if any role in the regulation of blood pressure in humans. Autonomic denervation potentiates the vasoconstriction evoked by nitric oxide synthase inhibition in humans, but the mechanism is unclear. We hypothesized that this may be related to loss of neu...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00325-x
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of circulation time on plasma high density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations was investigated in 20 male Wistar rats injected with alcohol, stressed with lighting, or fed a high fat diet. Circulation time was measured during anaesthesia with a computerised dichromatic earpiece densitometer. Indocyanine...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/22.5.368
更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Stroke, ischaemic stroke and subtypes of ischaemic stroke display substantial heritability. When compared with related vascular conditions, the number of established risk loci reaching genome-wide significance for association with stroke is still in the lower range, particularly for aetiological stroke subtypes such a...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvy068
更新日期：2018-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Germ-line mutations in genes encoding components of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway cause developmental disorders called RASopathies. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common myocardial pathology and a leading cause of death in RASopathy patients. KRAS mutations are found in Noo...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvt260
更新日期：2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Crosstalk between cardiomyocytes and fibroblasts in physiological conditions and during disease remains poorly defined. Previous studies have shown that fibroblasts and myocytes interact via paracrine communication, but several experimental confounding factors, including the use of immature myocytes and the induct...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvu264
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Migration and proliferation of arterial smooth muscle cells are critical responses during restenosis after balloon angioplasty. We investigated the changes in the expression of Ca(2+) channels and dystrophin, two determinants of contraction, after balloon injury of rat aortas. METHODS:Proliferation and migra...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(00)00210-8
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since the establishment of the inflammatory basis of atherosclerosis, several pro- or anti-inflammatory agents have been examined as potential mediators of the biochemical pathways of lesion formation. Interleukin (IL)-8 was first characterized in 1987. Since then, knowledge regarding its role in leucocyte trafficking...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvp241
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIM:Mechanical forces are important regulators of cell and tissue phenotype. We hypothesized that mechanical loading and boundary conditions would influence neovessel activity during angiogenesis. METHODS AND RESULTS:Using an in vitro model of angiogenesis sprouting and a mechanical loading system, we evaluated the ef...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvn055
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of adrenaline on kinetically-distinct compartments of exchangeable calcium in the spontaneously-beating perfused rat heart were investigated under steady-state conditions using a 45Ca2+ outflow technique together with a nonlinear least-squares curve fitting procedure and 51Cr-EDTA to monitor the loss of fr...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/17.2.88
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac hypertrophy occurs in a number of disease states associated with chronic increases in cardiac work load. Although cardiac hypertrophy may initially represent an adaptive response of the myocardium, ultimately, it often progresses to ventricular dilatation and heart failure. Much investigation has focused on th...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.04.002
更新日期：2004-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to induce apoptosis in cardiomyocytes under normoxic conditions. The ability of NO to induce apoptosis after ischemia-reperfusion, a situation of increased NO release in vivo, has not been investigated. The present study was undertaken to characterize the pathway of induction ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(99)00272-2
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Ischemic postconditioning protects the reperfused heart from infarction, and this protection is dependent on the occupancy of adenosine receptors. We further explored the role of adenosine receptors in this salvage. METHODS:In situ rabbit hearts underwent 30 min of regional ischemia and 3 h of reperfusion, a...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.02.014
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study tested the hypothesis that overproduction of endogenous nitric oxide (NO) during endotoxemia may modulate coronary autoregulation and myocardial reactive hyperemia. METHODS:Hearts of endotoxin-pretreated rats and controls were isolated and arranged for perfusion in a Langendorff preparation. Autor...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(97)00132-6
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Both superoxide dismutase (SOD) and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) have been implicated in delayed preconditioning (DP) to ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in the heart. We used isolated cardiac myocytes to test the hypothesis that SOD and NOS may interact in the development of DP. METHODS:Mouse neonatal cardiac myoc...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(03)00502-9
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To investigate the role of ventricular and atrial beta-adrenoceptor activation by isoprenaline in the genesis of rhythm disorders and risk of fibrillation in the healthy or ischaemic heart. METHODS:The study was performed in anaesthetized, open-chest pigs. Electrical fibrillation threshold (EFT) of the vent...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(96)00156-3
更新日期：1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An isolated working rat heart preparation was used to characterise the temperature-dependency of the anti-ischaemic properties of nifedipine. In this study hearts were subjected to pre-ischaemic infusion with the St Thomas' cardioplegic solution with or without added nifedipine (0.075 mumol X litre-1). Hearts were the...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/19.2.95
更新日期：1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Matricellular proteins are extracellular matrix proteins that modulate cell-matrix interactions and cell function, and do not seem to have a direct structural role. The family includes tenascin-C (TN-C), tenascin-X (TN-X), osteonectin, osteopontin, thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) and thrombospondin-2 (TSP2). Expression of mat...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2004.06.006
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Myogenic tone, which has a major role in the regulation of local blood flow, refers to the ability of vascular smooth muscle to adapt its contractility to changes in transmural pressure. Although Rho-kinase is involved in myogenic tone, the pathway involved remains unclear, especially concerning translocation...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.10.020
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) family is a complex system consisting of at least three polypeptides and at least three types of receptor. Each peptide interacts with different types of receptor at varying degrees of affinity. To determine if natriuretic peptide levels influence natriuretic peptide rece...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(00)00038-9
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the effects of intravenously administered autonomic agents, the calcium channel blocker diltiazem, and Class I and III anti-arrhythmic agents on a re-entry model for atrial tachycardia in seven conscious dogs. The model was created by a Y-shaped incision in the intercaval region and front free wall of the r...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/23.5.400
更新日期：1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Cardiovascular research requires complex and functionally intact experimental models. Due to major differences in the cellular and subcellular composition of the myocardium between species, the use of human heart tissue is highly desirable. To enhance the experimental use of the human myocardium, we established me...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvr259
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Left ventricular assist devices (LVAD) have been used to 'bridge' patients with end-stage heart failure to transplantation. Although several reports have suggested that the native ventricular function recovers after long-term LVAD support, a process called 'reverse remodeling', the underlying biological mecha...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0008-6363(01)00433-3
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:5-Hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) has a wide range of vascular effects mediated via specific receptors and it has been suggested to be a mediator in ischemic heart disease. The aim of the present study was to localise the 5-HT receptors within the vessel wall. METHODS:Epicardial coronary arteries obtained from pat...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0008-6363(96)00029-6
更新日期：1996-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess the functional effects of multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPCs) transplanted in a rat model of chronic myocardial infarction. METHODS:Forty-four rats underwent coronary ligation and, 14 days later, were randomly allocated to receive in-scar injections (5 x 10(6) cells/150 microL) of green flu...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cardiores.2006.07.009
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:A blood pressure-independent metabolic shift toward a catabolic state upon high sodium (Na+) diet, ultimately favouring body fluid preservation, has recently been described in pre-clinical controlled settings. We sought to investigate the real-life impact of high Na+ intake on measures of renal Na+/water handling ...
journal_title：Cardiovascular research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1093/cvr/cvaa205
更新日期：2020-07-16 00:00:00
