Abstract:
:Glycerol (an atoxic alcohol) and phenol (a toxic monohydroxybenzene) are currently used as neurolytic blocking agents to relieve pain or spasticity. In the present study we compared the endoneurial response of anhydrous glycerol and 7% phenol-aqua after intraneural injection into rat sciatic nerve, using electron microscopy and immunohistochemical stainings. Despite the wide use of these drugs, a systematic morphological study of their action has not been done. Electron microscope studies showed different patterns of nerve damage for glycerol and phenol. Glycerol injection resulted in gross sciatic nerve injury, with myelin fragments widely dispersed in the endoneurium 1-2 weeks after the injury. Phenol-aqua injection resulted in gross sciatic nerve injury with focal haemorrhagic necrosis; nerve fibres were segmentally dissolved 1-2 weeks after the injury. In both groups the first axonal sprouts appeared in the area of the lesion 2 weeks after the injury and the sprouts became myelinated in both groups by 4 weeks. Immunohistochemical staining showed that in the glycerol-treated nerves macrophages were widely scattered in the endoneurium by day 3; the number of macrophages proximal to the lesion site and at the lesion site was significantly higher in the glycerol-treated nerves than in the phenol-treated nerves both at days 3 and 7. In the phenol-treated nerves, macrophages appeared after 1 week and they exceeded the number of macrophages in the glycerol-treated nerves at 2 weeks. The number of Schwann cells remained low until 4 weeks in both groups. The results show that glycerol-induced nerve fibre damage with breaching of myelin fragments is followed by invasion of macrophages into the endoneurium after 3 days. The delayed invasion of macrophages after phenol injection may be due to occluded vessels or may be related to the denaturing effect of phenol on the proteins needed for macrophage attraction. Despite the rapid invasion of macrophages after glycerol injection axonal regeneration was delayed when compared to that seen after traumatic axotomy, but the axonal regeneration occurred at the same time in both experimental groups. Thus, the results suggest that after chemical axonotmesis the axonal regeneration rate is not dependent on the macrophage invasion rate alone and that other endoneurial changes also play a role.
journal_name
Acta Neuropatholjournal_title
Acta neuropathologicaauthors
Westerlund T,Vuorinen V,Röyttä Mdoi
10.1007/s004010000349subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-07-01 00:00:00pages
41-54issue
1eissn
0001-6322issn
1432-0533journal_volume
102pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Accumulation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) deletions has been proposed to be responsible for the presence of respiratory-deficient neurons in several CNS diseases. Deletions are thought to originate from double-strand breaks due to attack of reactive oxygen species (ROS) of putative inflammatory origin. In epileptogene...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
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abstract::We present the neuropathological findings in a female patient with clinically definite multiple sclerosis (MS), who at autopsy had multifocal amyloid deposits in the white matter of the brain without other signs of amyloidosis. The patient had relapsing/remitting MS between the ages of 26 and 45, and during her last 1...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
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abstract::Histochemical and electron microscopic studies were performed in an attempt to clarify the muscle pathology in an 18-year-old man with Fabry disease, showing proximal limb muscle atrophy, and his 52-year-old mother, who is a Fabry carrier with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Despite the relatively mild myopathic changes ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
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更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00717032
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Changes in morphology, behavior of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF), and local cerebral glucose utilization (LCGU) were assessed and correlated in Mongolian gerbils following 5 min cerebral ischemia, produced by bilateral clamping of the common carotid arteries. The morphological chan...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00691868
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-001-0482-8
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ultrastructural features of SOD1-positive aggregates were determined to clarify whether these aggregates are associated with the pathogenesis of SOD1 mutant mice. We examined the spinal cord of transgenic mice expressing a G93A mutant human SOD1 gene with fewer copies (gene copy 10). At the early presymptomatic st...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00401-004-0939-7
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Proliferation indices and mean number of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region-associated proteins (Ag-NORs) are compared in 65 brain tumors, including 34 gliomas, 8 meningiomas, 17 metastatic tumors, and 6 other tumors. Immunocytochemical investigations include labeling with the monoclonal antibody Ki-67 which id...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00308919
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental allergic neuritis (EAN) was induced in normal and irradiated Lewis rats by passively transferring T cells sensitized to SP-26, a peptide fragment of P2 myelin protein. The recipients became sick 4-8 days post transfer and the degree of disability correlated directly with the dose of T cells. Smaller doses...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00294298
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paired helical filaments (PHF) were isolated from autopsied brain of cases of Alzheimer dementia, and their polypeptides were identified with monoclonal antibodies to PHF by Western blots. The PHF polypeptide profile consisted of several bands with a size difference of less than 5 kilodalton (kDa) between adjacent ban...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00690830
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The close correlation between abnormally low pre-mortem cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentrations of amyloid-β1-42 (Aβ(1-42)) and plaque burden measured by amyloid imaging as well as between pathologically increased levels of CSF tau and the extent of neurodegeneration measured by MRI has led to growing interest in usi...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
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更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The left and right recurrent laryngeal nerves and peroneal nerves from two groups of foals, one less than 1 month of age and the other 6 months of age, were examined by light and electron microscopy. While there was no evidence of fiber loss on light microscopy, occasional onion bulbs, regenerating clusters and swolle...
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have obtained a cDNA fragment to human glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) by immunoscreening a lambda gt11 human brain cDNA library with antibody to bovine GFAP. The highly homologous nucleotide sequence of this clone with that of the mouse GFAP enabled the identification of this cDNA as one encoding GFAP. As t...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amyloid cascade hypothesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is testable: it implies that interference with Abeta aggregation and plaque formation may be therapeutically useful. Abeta42 immunisation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) transgenic mice prevented plaque formation and caused removal of existing plaques. The ...
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::VM mice were inoculated by intracerebral and intraperitoneal routes with brain homogenates containing the 87V strain of scrapie. The distribution and numbers of plaques were found for the parietal cortex, cingulate cortex, corpus callosum and hippocampus/dentate in coronal sections cut at the level of the thalamus and...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
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更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a study designed to identify the neuropathological features typical of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP), we reviewed the sural nerve biopsy findings in 105 patients with this disorder. The patients' mean age at biopsy was 49 years. In 65% of patients the disease had a progressive and in 35% ...
journal_title:Acta neuropathologica
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00