The PRISMA statement for reporting systematic reviews and meta-analyses of studies that evaluate health care interventions: explanation and elaboration.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) is used clinically to prepare the fetal lung for impending preterm birth, but animal and human studies link corticosteroids to smaller birth size. Whether ACT is associated with birth size is debated; therefore, we assessed differences in birth size in treated versus un...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Rodriguez A,Wang Y,Ali Khan A,Cartwright R,Gissler M,Järvelin MR

更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Psychosis is a severe mental condition that is characterized by a loss of contact with reality and is typically associated with hallucinations and delusional beliefs. There are numerous psychiatric conditions that present with psychotic symptoms, most importantly schizophrenia, bipolar affective disorder, an...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Huang JT,Leweke FM,Oxley D,Wang L,Harris N,Koethe D,Gerth CW,Nolden BM,Gross S,Schreiber D,Reed B,Bahn S

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) of limited valency is justified in Africa by the high burden of pneumococcal disease. Long-term beneficial effects of PCVs may be countered by serotype replacement. We aimed to determine the impact of PCV-7 vaccination on pneumococcal carriage in rural G...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Roca A,Hill PC,Townend J,Egere U,Antonio M,Bojang A,Akisanya A,Litchfield T,Nsekpong DE,Oluwalana C,Howie SR,Greenwood B,Adegbola RA

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable progress has been made in reducing maternal, newborn, and child mortality worldwide, but many more deaths could be prevented if effective interventions were available to all who could benefit from them. Timely, high-quality measurements of intervention coverage--the proportion of a population in need of a...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Bryce J,Arnold F,Blanc A,Hancioglu A,Newby H,Requejo J,Wardlaw T,CHERG Working Group on Improving Coverage Measurement.

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001895.]. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： PLOS Medicine Staff.

更新日期：2016-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Earlier puberty is widely linked with future obesity and cardiometabolic disease. We examined whether age at puberty onset likely influences adiposity and cardiometabolic traits independent of childhood adiposity. METHODS AND FINDINGS:One-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were conducted on up to ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Bell JA,Carslake D,Wade KH,Richmond RC,Langdon RJ,Vincent EE,Holmes MV,Timpson NJ,Davey Smith G

更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Helminth and protozoan infections affect more than 1 billion children globally. Improving water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition could be more sustainable control strategies for parasite infections than mass drug administration, while providing other quality of life benefits. METHODS AND FIND...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Pickering AJ,Njenga SM,Steinbaum L,Swarthout J,Lin A,Arnold BF,Stewart CP,Dentz HN,Mureithi M,Chieng B,Wolfe M,Mahoney R,Kihara J,Byrd K,Rao G,Meerkerk T,Cheruiyot P,Papaiakovou M,Pilotte N,Williams SA,Colford JM

更新日期：2019-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Since 1998 the serious public health problem in South East Asia of counterfeit artesunate, containing no or subtherapeutic amounts of the active antimalarial ingredient, has led to deaths from untreated malaria, reduced confidence in this vital drug, large economic losses for the legitimate manufacturers, an...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Newton PN,Fernández FM,Plançon A,Mildenhall DC,Green MD,Ziyong L,Christophel EM,Phanouvong S,Howells S,McIntosh E,Laurin P,Blum N,Hampton CY,Faure K,Nyadong L,Soong CW,Santoso B,Zhiguang W,Newton J,Palmer K

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Bariatric and metabolic surgery is used as a treatment for patients with severe and complex obesity. However, there is a need to improve outcome selection and reporting in bariatric surgery trials. A Core Outcome Set (COS), an agreed minimum set of outcomes reported in all studies of a specific condition, ma...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Coulman KD,Hopkins J,Brookes ST,Chalmers K,Main B,Owen-Smith A,Andrews RC,Byrne J,Donovan JL,Mazza G,Reeves BC,Rogers CA,Thompson JL,Welbourn R,Wordsworth S,Blazeby JM,BARIACT working group.

更新日期：2016-11-29 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic adversity in early life has been hypothesized to "program" a vulnerable phenotype with exaggerated inflammatory responses, so increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to test this hypothesis by assessing the extent to which the association between...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stringhini S,Batty GD,Bovet P,Shipley MJ,Marmot MG,Kumari M,Tabak AG,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kevin Outterson and colleagues outline a model to address access, conservation, and innovation of antibiotics. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Outterson K,Gopinathan U,Clift C,So AD,Morel CM,Røttingen JA

更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous estimates of mortality in Iraq attributable to the 2003 invasion have been heterogeneous and controversial, and none were produced after 2006. The purpose of this research was to estimate direct and indirect deaths attributable to the war in Iraq between 2003 and 2011. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We condu...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hagopian A,Flaxman AD,Takaro TK,Esa Al Shatari SA,Rajaratnam J,Becker S,Levin-Rector A,Galway L,Hadi Al-Yasseri BJ,Weiss WM,Murray CJ,Burnham G

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is estimated to affect 130-180 million people worldwide. Although its origin is unknown, patterns of viral diversity suggest that HCV genotype 1 probably originated from West Africa. Previous attempts to estimate the spatiotemporal parameters of the virus, both globally and regionally...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Magiorkinis G,Magiorkinis E,Paraskevis D,Ho SY,Shapiro B,Pybus OG,Allain JP,Hatzakis A

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) is a leading cause of maternal death in sub-Saharan Africa. Although the World Health Organization recommends use of oxytocin for prevention of PPH, misoprostol use is increasingly common owing to advantages in shelf life and potential for sublingual administration. There is a lac...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Atukunda EC,Siedner MJ,Obua C,Mugyenyi GR,Twagirumukiza M,Agaba AG

更新日期：2014-11-04 00:00:00

abstract：:David Studdert and colleagues explore how to balance public health, individual freedom, and good government when it comes to sugar-sweetened drinks. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Studdert DM,Flanders J,Mello MM

更新日期：2015-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Nathan Ford and Gottfried Hirnschall reflect on recent research by Jan Hontelez and colleagues published in this week's PLOS Medicine. The authors argue that the future HIV modeling efforts should focus on helping programs make choices about which interventions need to be prioritized in order to achieve the levels of ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ford N,Hirnschall G

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Point-of-care CD4 tests at HIV diagnosis could improve linkage to care in resource-limited settings. Our objective is to evaluate the clinical and economic impact of point-of-care CD4 tests compared to laboratory-based tests in Mozambique. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We use a validated model of HIV testing, linkag...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hyle EP,Jani IV,Lehe J,Su AE,Wood R,Quevedo J,Losina E,Bassett IV,Pei PP,Paltiel AD,Resch S,Freedberg KA,Peter T,Walensky RP

更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major health issue for HIV-positive individuals, associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Development and implementation of a risk score model for CKD would allow comparison of the risks and benefits of adding potentially nephrotoxic antiretrovirals to a treatment ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mocroft A,Lundgren JD,Ross M,Law M,Reiss P,Kirk O,Smith C,Wentworth D,Neuhaus J,Fux CA,Moranne O,Morlat P,Johnson MA,Ryom L,D:A:D study group.,Royal Free Hospital Clinic Cohort.,INSIGHT study group.,SMART study group.,

更新日期：2015-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Effective strategies are needed for the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) in resource-limited settings. The Kisumu Breastfeeding Study was a single-arm open label trial conducted between July 2003 and February 2009. The overall aim was to investigate whether a maternal triple-antiretrovi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Thomas TK,Masaba R,Borkowf CB,Ndivo R,Zeh C,Misore A,Otieno J,Jamieson D,Thigpen MC,Bulterys M,Slutsker L,De Cock KM,Amornkul PN,Greenberg AE,Fowler MG,KiBS Study Team.

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this month's editorial, PLOS Medicine's Chief Editor Larry Peiperl discusses the relevance of patient care to a journal editor's work. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Peiperl L,PLOS Medicine Editors.

更新日期：2017-09-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Violence against women by intimate partners remains unacceptably common worldwide. The evidence base for the assumed psychological impacts of intimate partner violence (IPV) is derived primarily from studies conducted in high-income countries. A recently published systematic review identified 13 studies link...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tsai AC,Tomlinson M,Comulada WS,Rotheram-Borus MJ

更新日期：2016-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Martin Gerdin and colleagues argue that disaster health interventions and decision-making can benefit from an evidence-based approach Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Gerdin M,Clarke M,Allen C,Kayabu B,Summerskill W,Devane D,MacLachlan M,Spiegel P,Ghosh A,Zachariah R,Gupta S,Barbour V,Murray V,von Schreeb J

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Alexander Tsai and colleagues highlight the complex relationship between poverty and HIV stigma in sub-Saharan Africa, and discuss possible ways to break the cycle. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tsai AC,Bangsberg DR,Weiser SD

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Multidisciplinary care (MDC) programs have been proposed as a way to alleviate the cost and morbidity associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the US. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We assessed the cost-effectiveness of a theoretical Medicare-based MDC program for CKD compared to usual CKD care in Medicare ben...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lin E,Chertow GM,Yan B,Malcolm E,Goldhaber-Fiebert JD

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breast cancer is a leading malignancy affecting the female population worldwide. Most morbidity is caused by metastases that remain incurable to date. TGF-β1 has been identified as a key driving force behind metastatic breast cancer, with promising therapeutic implications. METHODS AND FINDINGS:Employing im...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Maris P,Blomme A,Palacios AP,Costanza B,Bellahcène A,Bianchi E,Gofflot S,Drion P,Trombino GE,Di Valentin E,Cusumano PG,Maweja S,Jerusalem G,Delvenne P,Lifrange E,Castronovo V,Turtoi A

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although cigarette smoking, excessive alcohol drinking, obesity, and several other well-studied unhealthy lifestyle-related factors each have been linked to the risk of multiple chronic diseases and premature death, little is known about the combined impact on mortality outcomes, in particular among Chinese ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Nechuta SJ,Shu XO,Li HL,Yang G,Xiang YB,Cai H,Chow WH,Ji B,Zhang X,Wen W,Gao YT,Zheng W

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:In an Editorial, Guest Editors Nicola Low and Nathalie Broutet discuss the Collection on sexually transmitted infections in the context of research priorities in the field. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Low N,Broutet NJ

更新日期：2017-12-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Attrition during the period from HIV testing to antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation is high worldwide. We assessed whether same-day HIV testing and ART initiation improves retention and virologic suppression. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We conducted an unblinded, randomized trial of standard ART initiation ver...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Koenig SP,Dorvil N,Dévieux JG,Hedt-Gauthier BL,Riviere C,Faustin M,Lavoile K,Perodin C,Apollon A,Duverger L,McNairy ML,Hennessey KA,Souroutzidis A,Cremieux PY,Severe P,Pape JW

更新日期：2017-07-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) released revised guidelines in 2015 recommending that all people living with HIV, regardless of CD4 count, initiate antiretroviral therapy (ART) upon diagnosis. However, few studies have projected the global resources needed for rapid scale-up of ART. Under the Health Poli...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dutta A,Barker C,Kallarakal A

更新日期：2015-11-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Gordon C. Smith discusses the study by Katy Kozhimannil and colleagues that examines variations in cesarean section rates in the US and argues for the need for high-quality routine data collection to better understand the reasons for these variations. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Smith GC

更新日期：2014-10-21 00:00:00